01.Introduction to Tourism and Development

Session 1. Session 1. Introduction to Introduction to Tourism and Tourism and Development Development

Ramon Benedicto A. Alampay, Ph.D.Ramon Benedicto A. Alampay, Ph.D.

Asian Institute of ManagementAsian Institute of Management

Outline of the Outline of the SessionSessionIntroductions and expectation-settingIntroductions and expectation-setting

FacultyFaculty

StudentsStudents

The Course RoadmapThe Course Roadmap

Course OutlineCourse Outline

Grading systemGrading system

Reading PackReading Pack

Case studiesCase studies

Final PaperFinal Paper

Introduction to TourismIntroduction to Tourism

Who are you?

Where are you from?

What do you do? Have you worked with tourism before?

How do you see this course in relation to your own development career and interests?

Hello!Hello!

Tourism & DevelopmentTourism & DevelopmentCourse OutlineCourse Outline

ScheduleSchedule

Mondays, Wednesdays, FridaysMondays, Wednesdays, Fridays

2:00 - 4:50 PM, First Philippine 2:00 - 4:50 PM, First Philippine Holdings Case RoomHoldings Case Room

Exceptions:Exceptions:

TodayToday

June 29 June 29

July 1July 1

Marking SchemeMarking Scheme• Case Studies = 20%

Nam Ha Ecotourism Project (01 July)

Donsol. Whale Shark Tourism (02 July)

Ifugao Rice Terraces (07 July)

Kerala’s Approach to Tourism Development (09 July)

National Parks Conservation Association (16 July)

Group Paper and Presentation (19 July) = 20%

Final Exam (given 14 July, due on 16 July) = 40%

Class Participation = 20%

TOTAL = 100%

What is Tourism?What is Tourism?

TourismTourism• The United Nations World Tourism The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) defines tourism as Organization (UNWTO) defines tourism as the act of: the act of:

• "...travelling to and staying in places outside a person’s usual environment for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes not related to the exercise of an activity remunerated from within the place visited.”

DESTINATIONDESTINATIONDESTINATIONDESTINATIONTOURISTSTOURISTSTOURISTSTOURISTS

ACCESSACCESS

Tourism is the social phenomenon or industry

involving PEOPLE (MARKETS) who, for purposes

(MOTIVATIONS) other than remuneration…

TRAVEL (by land, air, or sea)

…

to PLACES (DESTINATIONS) other than their usual environment (place of

residence).

Visitor markets = overnight tourists + excursionists visiting for the day

If tourists cannot get to the destination, no one can appreciate whatever it is that the place has to offer

Determined by the travelers’ motivations for going on the trip. Different destinations for different motives.

TOURISM = TRAVEL TO A DESTINATION

TOURISTSTOURISTSTOURISTSTOURISTS

The demand for tourism businesses is local. It is a

derived demand that comes from the demand for a given

destination/location

Generally, tourists choose the destination first. Then, they decide what to do at the destination. If nobody visits, there is no business

for the spa at the destination.

ACCESSACCESS

Poor accessibility

means smaller market for local

tourist businesses

New infrastructure and transport

services represent

market opportunities.

DESTINATIONDESTINATIONDESTINATIONDESTINATION

Tourism businesses have a vested interest in sustaining the quality of attractions, as

well as in cooperating to promote the destination.

Attractions are pull factors that draw visitors to the destination. Attractions

give visitors the reasons for choosing a particular destination over other

choices.

• The The destination destination offers offers ATTRACTIONS ATTRACTIONS and and ACTIVITIES ACTIVITIES that the that the tourists wish tourists wish to to experience. experience.

Tourism Development = Destination Tourism Development = Destination DevelopmentDevelopment

ATTRACTIONSATTRACTIONS

ACTIVITIESACTIVITIES



Natural, Natural, Historical, Historical, Cultural, & Cultural, &

Socio-Socio-Economic, Economic, ResourcesResources



DESTINATION DESTINATION DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT

uses the uses the natural and natural and

cultural cultural resources of resources of the place to the place to

build tourist build tourist attractions and attractions and

activities.activities.

The Basic Resources The Basic Resources for Tourism Developmentfor Tourism Development

NaturalNaturalCultural Cultural

and and HistoricalHistorical

SocialSocial EconomicEconomic

Land and water Land and water featuresfeatures

Natural Natural ecosystemsecosystems

Flora and Flora and faunafauna

etc.etc.

Archaeological Archaeological sitessites

Old cities and Old cities and buildingsbuildings

Historic Historic placesplaces

FestivalsFestivalsFoodFoodArt and musicArt and music

LifestylesLifestylesRelationshipsRelationshipsEducationEducationReligionReligionetc.etc.

Business Business activityactivity

LivelihoodsLivelihoodsProducts and Products and servicesservices

etc.etc.

Destination development will have inevitable impacts Destination development will have inevitable impacts on these resourceson these resources

Development can have positive Development can have positive and negative impacts on and negative impacts on tourism resources tourism resources

Tourism can conserve and enhance. Tourism can conserve and enhance. It can also deplete, destroy, or damage.It can also deplete, destroy, or damage.

The Tourism The Tourism “Industry”“Industry”

To fully experience the attractions and activities, tourists will require a whole range of products and services at the destination.

OTHER SERVICESOTHER SERVICESINTERNAL INTERNAL

TRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION

FOOD & BEVERAGEFOOD & BEVERAGE TRAVEL & TOURSTRAVEL & TOURS

ACCOMMODATIONSACCOMMODATIONS









Tourism INDUSTRY generally refers to the collection of all businesses and other entities that provide the services which enable visitors to experience the attractions and activities at the destination













Building the destination will require the development of not just the tourist attractions and activities, but also the other businesses and services that tourists will need during their visit to the destination.













Who is involved in Tourism Development?

GovernmentGovernment Private BusinessesPrivate Businesses

Community/ResidentsCommunity/ResidentsOTHER SERVICESOTHER SERVICES

INTERNAL INTERNAL TRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION











The private tourism sector’s main role is to The private tourism sector’s main role is to invest invest and generate profits from their tourism enterprisesand generate profits from their tourism enterprises

in a sustainable manner.in a sustainable manner.

Tourism is a very large and complex Tourism is a very large and complex industryindustry













RegulationRegulationPublic Public

infrastructure & infrastructure & Social servicesSocial services

Public PolicyPublic Policy

Marketing and Marketing and promotions promotions activitiesactivities

Ownership or Ownership or managementmanagement

Government’s traditional role has been to establish a healthy, Government’s traditional role has been to establish a healthy, conducive environment conducive environment

for tourism for tourism through policies, infrastructure, and social servicesthrough policies, infrastructure, and social services..

Tourism is a very large and complex Tourism is a very large and complex industryindustry

The tourism industry is linked with other economic sectors that The tourism industry is linked with other economic sectors that rely on and support tourism. These other sectors, thus, indirectly rely on and support tourism. These other sectors, thus, indirectly

provide their products to visitors. provide their products to visitors.

The Tourism EconomyThe Tourism Economy

AgricultureAgriculture

FishingFishing

ForestryForestry

TextilesTextiles

OthersOthersFood Food ManufacturingManufacturing

Any Questions?Any Questions?Next... The Current Situation and Next... The Current Situation and Future Outlook for Tourism in Asia Future Outlook for Tourism in Asia and the Pacificand the Pacific

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01.Introduction to Tourism and Development