What is What is IntellegenceIntellegence

By Yvonne BakerBy Yvonne Baker

What is Intellegence? What is Intellegence? Where does it come from?Where does it come from?

Intellegence :The ability to learn or Intellegence :The ability to learn or understand or to deal with new or understand or to deal with new or trieng situationstrieng situations

The act of understanding the skilled The act of understanding the skilled use of reasoninguse of reasoning

The ability to imply knowledge to The ability to imply knowledge to manipulate one’s invironment or to manipulate one’s invironment or to think abstractly as measured by think abstractly as measured by objective criteria objective criteria

Intellegence begins with Intellegence begins with human reasoninghuman reasoning

Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky was first to come up with this concept.was first to come up with this concept.

By focusing on experiments they By focusing on experiments they created in real life scenario’s They created in real life scenario’s They were able to define human reasoning were able to define human reasoning to cognitionto cognition

Cognition can be defined as the Cognition can be defined as the intellectual process through which intellectual process through which information is obtainedinformation is obtained

Cognition Cognition Processes informationProcesses information Information that is Information that is

obtained transformed obtained transformed kept and used kept and used

Is obtained through Is obtained through the sensesthe senses

Transformed through Transformed through interpretive processes interpretive processes of perception and of perception and thinkingthinking

Concepts Concepts Concepts are the Concepts are the

basic units of basic units of thinkingthinking

Natural concepts Natural concepts have medium degree have medium degree of inclusivenessof inclusiveness

Superordinant Superordinant concepts are very concepts are very inclusiveinclusive

Two types of conceptual Two types of conceptual thinking and reasoningthinking and reasoning

Problem solving Problem solving and thinkingand thinking

Uses information Uses information to reach goalsto reach goals

Problem solving Problem solving gives us three gives us three ways to deal with ways to deal with problemsproblems

11stst formulate the formulate the problemproblem

22ndnd evaluate the evaluate the elements of the elements of the problemproblem

3rd generate a list of 3rd generate a list of solutionssolutions

Understand and Understand and organize elements of organize elements of the problemthe problem

Use cold hard logic in Use cold hard logic in solving the problemsolving the problem

Lahe7 P.275-278Lahe7 P.275-278

Creating problem solving Creating problem solving

Algorisms are Algorisms are strategies that strategies that guarentee correct guarentee correct solutions through solutions through computer usecomputer use

Heuristic reasoning Heuristic reasoning is based on is based on strategies that strategies that increase the increase the probability of finding probability of finding a correct solutiona correct solution

Use creativity and Use creativity and covert thinkingcovert thinking

Guilford concepts Guilford concepts of convergent and of convergent and givergent thinking givergent thinking provides excellent provides excellent framework for framework for understandingunderstanding

creativitycreativity

Intellegence testsIntellegence tests To measure To measure

intellegence we test intellegence we test one’s IQone’s IQ

IQ is an intellegence IQ is an intellegence quotient or a quotient or a numerical value of numerical value of intellegence derived intellegence derived from the results of an from the results of an IQ testIQ test

IQ tests were created IQ tests were created by Alfred Binet to by Alfred Binet to measure intellegence measure intellegence in 1903 in 1903

Fluid intellegence is Fluid intellegence is the ability to learn the ability to learn or invent new or invent new strategies to deal strategies to deal with new problemswith new problems

Crystilized Crystilized intellegence is the intellegence is the ability to use ability to use previously learned previously learned information and information and skills to solve skills to solve familiar problemsfamiliar problems

Four types of Four types of Intellegence testsIntellegence tests

Information tests ( asks a question)Information tests ( asks a question) Similarities tests ( difference between Similarities tests ( difference between

choice of 2 thingschoice of 2 things Arithmetic tests ( mathmatical equations)Arithmetic tests ( mathmatical equations) Comprehension Tests ( how we Comprehension Tests ( how we

understand)understand) The construction of a intellegence test The construction of a intellegence test

looking for large number of items related looking for large number of items related to cognitive efficiency that differentiated to cognitive efficiency that differentiated childern of various ageschildern of various ages

To measure good testsTo measure good tests Use standardization administer the test to Use standardization administer the test to

all the same wayall the same way Norms is to compare each individual score Norms is to compare each individual score

with that of otherswith that of others Objectivity construct the test so that there Objectivity construct the test so that there

is no ambiguity to constitute what a is no ambiguity to constitute what a correct answer iscorrect answer is

Reliability make the scores the same as if Reliability make the scores the same as if measured on two different occasionsmeasured on two different occasions

Validity the scale of measurement must be Validity the scale of measurement must be validvalid

Be IntellegentBe Intellegent

When one utilizes intellegence he or When one utilizes intellegence he or she must first have a understanding she must first have a understanding of what it is of what it is

Use good reasoning Use good reasoning Master the ability of understandingMaster the ability of understanding