White spaces above 3 g hz and an application

White Spaces: The Radio Evolu5on Tuesday -‐ 09/13/11 • 3:30-‐4:15pm Brough Turner , Founder , netBlazr.com

Smart antennas and smart radios, Cogni7ve Radio and Beam Forming are on the verge of being incorporated into product. As we head toward these technologies, the opportuni7es exist for new models of service sharing and interconnec7on to deliver broadband solu7ons.

This slide was not presented

Radio Spectrum Occupancy Urban areas, 30 MHz to 3 GHz. Above 3 GHz mostly vacant!

As measured by Shared Spectrum Company and the University of Kansas Center for Research for the

NSF National Radio Network Research Testbed (NRNRT)

Radio Spectrum Occupancy Urban areas, 30 MHz to 3 GHz. Above 3 GHz mostly vacant!

As measured by Shared Spectrum Company and the University of Kansas Center for Research for the

NSF National Radio Network Research Testbed (NRNRT)

WHITE SPACES ABOVE 3 GHZ Radio technology evolu5on, with applica5ons

Brough Turner Founder & CTO netBlazr Inc.

Outline… •  Value of higher frequencies

– Limits are tech not physics; MIMO; beamforming; HF -‐> shorter WL -‐> 7ghter beams

– > 3 GHz is mostly white space in most places

•  SB seeking secondary access now •  Example of app at 5 GHz

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Spectrum Myth TV bands are “beach front” spectrum

•  Based on legacy technology, not physics! – Travels farther thru the air – No! – Thru windows – roughly the same – Goes thru masonry – nothing works well

Free space path loss

But this equa7on encapsulates two effects: ①  Actual path loss ②  Receiving antenna aperture (assumed to be ½ wavelength)

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5 GHz photons go just as far as 700 MHz photons !

Seems to say more , more loss

Radio & our Atmosphere 30 MHz

10 GHz

Refrac7on and reflec7ons

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Shorter wavelength -‐ more reflec7ons, refrac7on “Mul7Path” “Ghosts” if a single receiver

MIMO: Mul7ple Input Mul7ple Output

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Rich Indoor MIMO Mul7path

Source: Fanny Mlinarsky, Octoscope

MIMO overcomes mul7-‐path

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Mul7ple radios decode & realign delayed signals – no more “ghosts”

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The FCC licenses transmihers But

Receiver performance is the cri8cal issue !

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Visible light analogy Vision system (eyes + visual cortex) = extremely efficient 400-‐790 THz receiver

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Spa7al discrimina7on

•  For Humans: ~ 1/60th of a degree

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Enormous knowledge base •  Detailed catalog of the characteris7cs of most poten7al visible light sources

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Leveraging source mo7on to increase received informa7on …

Radio receivers with MIMO

•  Far from the selec7vity and sensi7vity of mammalian vision systems

•  Far ahead of receivers in use when regulatory schemes were established

Mul7ple radios per chip Like CPU cores …

•  2x2 MIMO – 2008 •  4x4 MIMO – 2011 then

•  8 radios, 16 radios, …

Be1er and be1er beam-‐forming !

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Intel

Fujitsu

AMD

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Beamforming •  Select among mul7ple predefined antenna elements

–  Widely used with single radios (2G, 3G, Wi-‐Fi – Vivato, Ruckus Wireless)

•  Adap7ve antenna arrays –  Dynamically compute phase and amplitude for each antenna element

–  Adapts for desired signal while also reducing interference

Beamsteering

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8 antenna elements spread over 3.5 λs, i.e. ~18 cm, or < 7.5” at 5.8 GHz

Beamsteering

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Beamsteering

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Beamsteering ~2017: >500 Mbps Wi-‐Fi to ~1 Km at mass market prices ?

4x4 MIMO with 8-‐12 antenna elements

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TVWS – Beach-‐front Property? •  MIMO antenna element separa7on >= ½ wavelength – 2.1 meters at 70 MHz – 21 cm at 700 MHz

•  But only – 2.5 cm for 5.8 GHz Wi-‐Fi

Wavion Networks

D-‐Link DAP-‐2553

Ruckus Wireless

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Spectrum innova7on •  Today’s regula7on inhibits innova7on •  Technology has outrun today’s regula7on •  Decades of further innova7on ahead

•  “Secondary use” the best path forward – 5 GHz UNII bands; Amateur radio; TV white space

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Prospects for Change •  Substan7al vested interests

– Broadcasters, cellular operators, many other exis7ng spectrum owners

•  Overwhelming success of WiFi, Bluetooth, etc. – Commercial successes new interests

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Prospects for addi7onal bands •  More access in 4.9 GHz – 6.0 GHz •  IMT-‐Advanced candidate bands

– 2300-‐2400, 2700-‐2900, 3400-‐4200, 4400-‐5000 MHz – Would take years to clear but could be used now under secondary use protocols (like 802.11y)

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Prospects for addi7onal bands •  More access in 4.9 GHz – 6.0 GHz •  IMT-‐Advanced candidate bands

– 2300-‐2400, 2700-‐2900, 3400-‐4200, 4400-‐5000 MHz – Would take years to clear but could be used now under secondary use protocols (like 802.11y)

•  My wish: All spectrum above 3 GHz unless specifically excepted

Applica7ons today Spectrum already available at 5 GHz •  UNII-‐1: 5.15-‐5.25 GHz 100 MHz

•  UNII-‐2: 5.25-‐5.35 GHz 100 MHz

•  UNII-‐Global: 5.47-‐5.725 GHz 255 MHz

•  UNII-‐3/ISM: 5.725-‐5.825 GHz 100 MHz -‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐-‐ 555 MHz

Dysfunc7onal Internet Access Market

Verizon $500/mo 1.5/1.5 Mbps

Cogent $700/mo 100/100 Mbps

97% buildings

3% buildings

netBlazr – “Skype for broadband” •  Cloud-‐based soyware plazorm manages fiber & wireless network built by netBlazr users

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•  Leverage evolving wireless tech •  Freemium pricing & care models

Window-‐to-‐window

Data Center

Head-‐End 2 (State St)

Head-‐End 3 (South Sta7on)

Fiber

Fiber

Head-‐End 1 (Hancock Tower)

Head-‐End n

Fiber

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netBlazr Confiden7al

netBlazr Confiden7al 38

Augmenta7on service •  Large companies have dual sources •  Now dual source affordable for all •  No bogus SLAs, but open, public on-‐line network opera7ons center with current and historical data

•  Wiki documenta7on, on-‐line forum, op7onal 3rd party support

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Adop7on in one building •  10 prospects (12-‐25th floors) •  5 signed up & on-‐line •  1 install next week •  3 interested but not prepared to act

•  1 declined I.e., 60% penetra>on in 6 months 28 June 2011 40

CAPEX

$-‐ $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800

netBlazr

TowerStream

ATT DSL

Verizon 4G LTE

Clearwire

Comcast BB

Verizon FiOS

$10 B Transferred to Customers

netBlazr’s opportunity

$11.9 B is today’s market for data services for target SMB’s in the US

IDC report on SMB IT Spending Forecast 12/2009

$12 B $2 B

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Thank you

Brough Turner netBlazr Inc.

[email protected]