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Why is demand increasing?
Reasons for the rising demand
• Rising global population –From 2.5bn to 6.2bn between 1950 & 2000. Yet water supplies per person decreased by 1/3 1970-90.
• Economic development – which means industrial & domestic demand has grown.
• Rising living standards – people use more water for showers, washing machines ……..
Reasons for the rising demand 2
• Industrial development – The growth of manufacturing depends on water – steel & paper are major water users.
• Tourism – Massive increase in LICs, but take huge share of water resources ( golf courses, swimming pools)
• Agricultural demand – More people means more food. Area of irrigated land doubled in the twentieth century.
Reasons for the rising demand 3
• Climate change – This will affect rainfall, evaporation & water availability. The dry areas of LICs will be hit hardest.
• Energy – Consumption has increased with population growth & industrial development. LICs have vast untapped HEP resources. But storing water in reservoirs increases the amount of evaporation.