CHE414 CHE414 ENGINEERING DRAWINGENGINEERING DRAWING

MUNAWAR ZAMAN BIN SHAHRUDDINFaculty of Chemical Engineering

Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah AlamTel: 03-55436339/019-2490416

E-mail:munawar_zaman@salam.uitm.edu.my

Rendering with Rendering with AutoCADAutoCAD

What is Rendering?What is Rendering?

• Rendering is a method by which realistic photographic-like screens can be produced from 3D solid drawings.

• Rendering needs practice and skills.

• Seldom used in engineering applications.

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• Rendering lights are placed in suitable positions in 3D space to give good quality lighting of the model.

• Materials & colours are added to various parts of the 3D model to give it realism.

• Background can be added if necessary.

• A number of tools are used to achieve good rendering.

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Examples of rendered Examples of rendered AutoCAD drawingsAutoCAD drawings

The next slides will show you some nice examples of rendered

drawings.

Before rendering

After rendering

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Futuristic and Fantasy-like

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THE END…of Photo Gallery

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Mapping materials on Mapping materials on objectsobjects

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Here is an example of the same object with the same material, but with the mapping of the material adjusted on the right-side object.

To properly render the block, mapping is used to adjust and fine tune the material so that it looks the way you want it to appear. With a little knowledge of this command, you can make your renderings more realistic.

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Here are the commands needed for mapping your materials:

COMMAND OR INPUT

ICON DESCRIPTION

MATERIALMAP / SETUV

None

Enter this on the command line to select mapping options via keyboard.

Planar Mapping

Maps individual faces of an object.

Box Mapping Maps any solid object with controls for width, depth and height as well as rotation on all sides.

Sphere Mapping

Allows you to map any solid object, but uses rotation only.

Cylinder mapping

Maps a solid object with height and rotation only.

Note also that the mapping icons are available on the render toolbar as a flyout.

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Start by selecting the menu option Tools > Palettes > Tool Palettes and you will see a large palette appear that includes the default material library.

The palette you want for this exercise is the one called "Masonry - Materials Library".

If you don't see it, click in the area shown by the red box.

This will display a list of all palettes available.

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Start by drawing a box that is 120 width x 120 length x 240 height and do a Zoom>Extents. Set your visual style to Realistic (Menu: View > Visual Styles > Realistic). Switch to the SW ISO view.

Apply a material to the bow, for example, click on "Masonry. Brick. Modular. Stack”.

You will see the cursor turn into a paintbrush.

Click on the box, and voila!

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Depending upon your settings it may look something like this in a default view.

In this view, it looks like the 'rubble' of the material is made up of small rocks that you can't really see clearly. What you want to create in this exercise is a 'box of large visible rubble'.

Or this (if you’ve chosen rubble limestone):

The bricks are too big. You can do some adjustment to make the brick nicer.

21View>Render>Mapping>Box Mapping.We'll start with the BOX MAPPING icon and then select the box and press enter.

You should now see some new grips on your object.

The left box shows the default

mapping grips available with the

box option.  

The right box shows the added options

when the rotate option (R) is selected on the

command line.

Command: _MaterialMapSelect an option [Box/Planar/Spherical/Cylindrical/copY mapping to/Reset mapping]<Box>: _BSelect faces or objects: 1 foundSelect faces or objects: 1 found (1 duplicate), 1 totalSelect faces or objects: 1 found (1 duplicate), 1 totalSelect faces or objects:

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With the grips active, you will need to make the map larger by selecting the mapping grips one at time to make the material bounding box (in yellow) larger. Once you have finished moving a grip, click in the drawing space to release it. Note that there is one on the top as well (for height) as well as the four at the bottom. When you are happy with the look, press ENTER to end the command.

Your new and improved box could look something like the one on the right:

Planar MappingPlanar Mapping

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The other option is the PLANAR MAPPING command. It works a little differently than the others in that adjusts the material on one face only instead of the whole object.

Draw a cube 120x120x120. Apply a material to it that has some contrast to it so you can see the results clearly.

Start the Planar Mapping Command using this icon:

Instead of just selecting an object, press the Control Key as you click the box and you will see that only one face is highlighted. Click on the face that you want to map. From there, you will see that you have the same resize and rotate grips available to you, but will only affect the one face you selected.

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initialBox mapping

Planar mapping Sphere mapping

Cylindermapping

Using the Materials PalletteUsing the Materials Pallette

To access the materials pallette, do any of the followings:

• Command: materials• Pulldown menu:

View>Render>Materials• Render toolbar icon

You will see this control panel

There is the list of defined materials on the upper part of panel, and there is a small menu under it.

There are material templates, light properties, texture properties and opacity and bump map properties on the lower part.

Swatch geometry from sphere to cube/cylinder

Checkered underlay

We will first see how to create a simple material. To create a new material, we are using ‘Create New Material’ in the small menu.

In this exercise, we will create a pink plastic material, let’s name the material as ‘Pink Acrylic’

New material will immediately appear in the list (shown as a grey sphere by default).

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The most important property of render material is light they reflect. It is same in real life, different materials also reflect light differently.

During RENDER, we call this property ‘diffuse’.

Our material is created as grey by default. But as we want it to be pink, then we should click ‘diffuse’ then select pink from the color box .

Even now, we already have a half matte pink.

Let’s draw a sphere on screen and assign this material to it.

Click on the new pink material, then click on ‘Apply materials to Object’, then click on the constructed sphere.After assigning is complete, then we get what is shown:You can also adjust the shininess, opacity, etc.

Set your visual style to Realistic (Menu: View > Visual Styles > Realistic). Switch to the SW ISO view.

Adding new materialsAdding new materials• AutoCAD's materials don't really have a

large selection. What if you need a white stucco material for a wall? Or grass for the lawn, or brushed aluminum, ..etc.

• What you need to do is create your own materials.

• But what if want something totally different? Then you have to make a new material.

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• Pick on any images, (sky for this example) right click on the image and select "Save image as..." and save it in a folder where you can find it easily.

• To create a new material from the newly saved image, open the materials palette and click New Material button. This will open a dialog for naming.

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Click on the Select button in the Diffuse map section. Select the saved sky image.

You should notice a new ball in the top section that has the material mapped to it. The clarity of the material will depend on it's contrast in the image and the size of the ball in the top section.

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Now is the easy part. Draw a solid object of some kind. Highlight your new material by clicking on the ball. Next click the Apply Material to Object button.

Finally, select the object.

Another option to get the materials set in scale to the object is to use the "Scale to Object" setting in the Materials Palette. This is found after you have created a new material next to the Select... button which will open up the Adjust Bitmap dialog

Textures in the WebTextures in the Web

• There are various websites in the Web that offers textures for AutoCAD application.

• An example page:

http://www.arroway.de/en/index.html

• Google to find more free goodies in the web!

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BEFORE OPERATION AFTER

UNION

SUBTRACT

INTERSECT

SOLID EDITING TOOLS

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BEFORE OPERATION AFTER

SLICE

EXTRUDE

3DALIGN

SOLID EDITING TOOLS