Vagrant introduction for Developers

Vagrant for Developers

Presenter

- Technology Architect at Accenture

- 10+ years Enterprise Java Developmentg

- Areas of work:- Open Source activist- DevOps evangelist- Technical and OO Trainer- Cloud and PaaS development

http://www.linkedin.com/in/antonskranga




Motivation

Basic Vagrant Usage

Provisioning with Cookbooks

Base Images Creation

Agenda

Motivation

Basic Vagrant Usage



Agenda

Every

thing

installe

d

locally

We usingInfrastructure

as Code

Everybody

using

one big VM

How do you manage your Dev Env?

Low or no automation at all

Long error-prone install guides

Painful maintenance or recovery

Painful rollback

No team collaboration

Host everything natviely

Master Image contains:

- All software installed

- All configuration

Hosted typically in project File Server

Often maintained by one Person

No team collaboration

Master Image

Master Image: Problems

Hard to distribute in big teams

Maintenance process is manual

Hard to maintain in parallel

Cannot use Version Control System

Just Enough Operating System

- Written declaratively (just enough ruby DSL)

- Repeatable

- OS agnostic

- Source control

- Help from Community

- Testable

JEOS

+censored

Naked OS Configuration

V for Vagrant

www.vagrantup.com Off Sitewww.vagrantbox.es VM Imageshttps://github.com/opscode/bento VM Images from Chef

Useful Links:

http://www.vagrantup.com/




Vagrant

- Vagrant will mange VM for you

- Can create whole stack of VMs

- Describe VM resources in Configuration

- Can put configuration in Source Control

- Easy to distribute and update

Motivation

Basic Vagrant Usage



Agenda

Quick start

shell

$ vagrant up

VagrantfileVagrant.configure "2" do |config|

config.vm.box = "vagrant-1"

config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box"

end

Quick start v2

shell$ vagrant box add NAME http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ vagrant init

# modify Vagrantfile until you happy$ vagrant up

Most useful commands

shell

$ vagrant ssh # Connect to VM

$ vagrant reload # Connect to VM

$ vagrant halt # Stop VM

$ vagrant destroy # delete VM

$ vagrant package # Create snapshot (.box file)

Modifying scripts




end

Modifying scripts

Vagrantfile

Vagrant.configure "2" do |config|



config.vm.hostname = “vmhost"

end

Modifying scripts





config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080

end

Modifying scripts

Vagrantfile





config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www"end

Modifying scripts





config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“

config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v| v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024] endend

Demo

Vagrantfile


config.vm.define :ubuntu1204 do |ubuntu1204| ubuntu1204.vm.box = "example4-ubuntu-12.10" ubuntu1204.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup..." ubuntu1204.vm.hostname = "example4-ubuntu-1210" ubuntu1204.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 ubuntu1204.vm.network :private_network, ip: "34.33.33.10" end

config.vm.define :ubuntu1310 do |ubuntu1310| ubuntu1310.vm.box = "example4-ubuntu-13.10" ubuntu1310.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup..." ubuntu1310.vm.hostname = "example4-ubuntu-1310" ubuntu1204.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 2080 ubuntu1204.vm.network :private_network, ip: "34.33.33.11" end config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v| v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024] endend

Motivation

Basic Vagrant Usage



Agenda

- You declare what software you want

- Chef will provision it for you

- Over 1300 cookbooks

Chef

Before you start

shell# install Chef plugin$ vagrant plugin install vagrant-omnibus

# install Berkshelf plugin$ vagrant plugin install vagrant-berkshelf

# Kind of apt-cache for Vagrant$ vagrant plugin install vagrant-cachier

Update configuration

Vagrantfile


config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“

config.omnibus.chef_version = :latest config.berkshelf.enabled = true config.cache.auto_detect = trueend

Update configuration

Vagrantfile


config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“

config.omnibus.chef_version = :latest config.berkshelf.enabled = true config.cache.auto_detect = true

config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe “apache2“ endend

Create berkshelf configuration

Berksfilesite :opscode

metadata

cookbook "apache2"

Provisioning commands

shell# to provision for first time just enough$ vagrant up

# to restart VM$ vagrant reload --provision

# to provision without restart$ vagrant provision

Demo

Create berkshelf configuration

Berksfile

site :opscode

metadata

cookbook 'apt'cookbook 'git'cookbook 'tomcat', git: "https://github.com/opscode-cookbooks/tomcat.git"cookbook 'maven'cookbook 'mongodb'# cookbook 'mycookbook', :path => "cookbooks/mycookbook"

Vagrantfile


config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 8080, host: 1080

config.omnibus.chef_version = :latest config.berkshelf.enabled = true config.cache.auto_detect = true

config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe "mongodb::10gen_repo" chef.add_recipe "apt" chef.add_recipe "git" chef.add_recipe "maven" chef.add_recipe "mongodb" chef.add_recipe "tomcat" endend

Vagrantfile



...

config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe "mongodb::10gen_repo" chef.add_recipe "apt" chef.add_recipe "git" chef.add_recipe "maven" chef.add_recipe "mongodb" chef.add_recipe "tomcat" chef.json = { "java" => { "jdk_version" => "7", "install_flavor" => "openjdk" } } endend

Vagrantfile



...

config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe "mongodb::10gen_repo" chef.add_recipe "apt" chef.add_recipe "git" chef.add_recipe "maven" chef.add_recipe "mongodb" chef.add_recipe "tomcat" chef.json = { "java" => { "jdk_version" => "7", "install_flavor" => "oracle", "accept_oracle_download_terms" => true } } endend

Motivation

Basic Vagrant Usage



Agenda

Motivation

Custom project specifics

OS-level patching

Produce Stemcells(preinstalled images)

True Infra-as-code

Tools we need“Packer is a tool for creating identical machine images for multiple platforms…”

- Off Site: packer.io- Written in Go- Must be installed to ~/pakcer

“Bento is set of Packer templates for building Vagrant baseboxes”

- Off Site: opscode.github.io/bento/- Maintained by Chef

Shell$ git clone https://github.com/opscode/bento.git$ cd bento/packerbento/packer $ packer build ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json

Quick start with Packer

Shell$ git clone https://github.com/opscode/bento.git$ cd bento/packerbento/packer $ packer build ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json

Quick start with Packer

Shellbento/packer $ packer build \ -only=virtualbox-iso \ ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json

Little bit more tuning

Shellbento/packer $ packer build \ -only=virtualbox \ -var-file=variables.json ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json

Little bit more tuning

variables.json{ "chef_version": "latest", "mirror": "../builds/iso/"}

Demo

Thank You!