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My presentation for Remko Helms' KMT class at Utrecht University on May 10, 2011 on the Stockholm School of Economics Island in Second Life.
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May 2011May 2011www.hhs.sewww.hhs.se
GrowthGrowth
TimeTime
Information Information and knowledgeand knowledge
Human Human absorptive absorptive capacitycapacity
Human capacity cannot keep up…Human capacity cannot keep up…
Adapted from Cohen & Levinthal 1989Adapted from Cohen & Levinthal 1989
””No one knows everything, No one knows everything,
everyone knows something, everyone knows something, all knowledge resides in all knowledge resides in
humanity.”humanity.”networksnetworks
Adapted from Lévy 1997
Six degrees Six degrees of separationof separation
- Milgram, - Milgram, 19671967
BA
Two individuals/organizations Two individuals/organizations with the same number of contacts…with the same number of contacts…
……but with very different access to but with very different access to resourcesresources
BA
A
Poor Poor creativity and creativity and
innovative innovative performanceperformance
Highcreativity and
innovative performance
Teigland 2003
B
Avoid creating insular networksAvoid creating insular networks
http://www.enronexplorer.com/focus/19185#http://www.enronexplorer.com/focus/19185#
A shift from being A shift from being problem solvers to solution finders problem solvers to solution finders
The wisdom of the crowdThe wisdom of the crowd
ClosedClosedExpensiveExpensiveComplexComplexAccurateAccurate
OpenOpenInexpensiveInexpensive
SimpleSimpleClose enoughClose enough
Hinton 2007
AccurateAccurate
History tends to repeat itself….History tends to repeat itself….Innovation, financial crisis, industrial revolution, Innovation, financial crisis, industrial revolution,
… …
Steam Steam engineengine
Internal Internal combustion combustion
engineengine
MicroelectroniMicroelectronicscs
Late 18Late 18thth C C Late 19Late 19thth C C Late 20Late 20thth C C
Schön 2008
Third industrial revolution?
Adapted from FredCavazza.net
“u r always on….”
Drivers of changeDrivers of changeIn
crease
dIn
tera
ctivity
DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
Social
Mobile Location
http://www.relenet.com/
http://www.slideshare.net/helgetenno/post-digital-marketing-2009http://www.slideshare.net/helgetenno/post-digital-marketing-2009
Our economy changesOur economy changes
Pine Jr. & Gilmore 1998, 1999; DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
Business models
So, what happens to them?
Johnson, Christensen, and Kagermann 2008, DiGangi 2010
They evolve...
Closed model
Organizations internalize resources for value creation; restrict access to
knowledge, and protect intellectual property. DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
Open model
Organizations leverage both internal and external resources for value
creation; strategically interact with environment DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
Access to 24x7 global workforceAccess to 24x7 global workforce
Average wage Average wage approx. USD 1.40 / approx. USD 1.40 /
hourhourhttp://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/http://www.people.fas.harvard.edu/~drand/~drand/
““Distributed groups of individuals Distributed groups of individuals focused on solving general problem focused on solving general problem
and/or developing new solution and/or developing new solution supported by computer-mediated supported by computer-mediated
communication.communication.”” Dahlander & Wallin, 2006 p. 1246Dahlander & Wallin, 2006 p. 1246
User-driven Innovation
DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
““Distributed groups of individuals Distributed groups of individuals focused on solving general problem focused on solving general problem
and/or developing new solution and/or developing new solution supported by computer-mediated supported by computer-mediated
communication.communication.”” Dahlander & Wallin, 2006 p. 1246Dahlander & Wallin, 2006 p. 1246
User-driven Innovation
Co-created model
Organizations encourage flow of knowledge between internal and external resources; focus on common good where
both parties benefit DiGangi 2010DiGangi 2010
Social media enable communitiesSocial media enable communities
Threadless:Threadless:What came first What came first
– – the community the community
or the or the company?company?
eZeZ 230+230+PartnerPartner
ss
39,000+39,000+CommunityCommunitymembersmembers
5,000+5,000+Customers in Customers in 130 countries130 countries
• Content management software, #1 in media Content management software, #1 in media industryindustry
• Customers: UN, Vogue, Hitachi, 3M, MIT, FT, Customers: UN, Vogue, Hitachi, 3M, MIT, FT, WSJWSJ
• 70 employees in 9 countries (US, Europe & 70 employees in 9 countries (US, Europe & Asia)Asia)
eZ PhilosophyeZ Philosophy
Connecting people who share a passion for something they do
so that they can collaborate, share ideas,
learn, and create knowledge
eZ provides eZ provides platforms for interaction platforms for interaction throughout its ecosystemthroughout its ecosystem
eZ Software development team
Driven by both parties sharing their experiences and co-creating value of
network
Private-collective Community
But how to balance needs of community with needs of firm in value co-creation
model?
DiGangi et al 2010DiGangi et al 2010
Transparency, transparency, transparencyTransparency, transparency, transparency
http://twitter.com/#!/zappos
Core Value #6: "Build Open and Honest
Relationships with Communication
Some things do not changeSome things do not change
Innovation Exchange
Exchange Trust
Trust RelationshipsRelationships Interaction
"E-connection is processed in the brain like an in-person connection."
http://slideshare.net/missrogue
Just when you thought you got it….Just when you thought you got it….
O’Driscoll 2009O’Driscoll 2009
How many How many usually think usually think
of virtual of virtual worlds…worlds…
Building skills in virtual environmentsBuilding skills in virtual environments
My CV•Leading a virtual team of 30
individuals from across the globe•Creating and successfully executing strategies under
pressure•Managing cross-cultural conflict
without face-to-face communication
Teigland 2010
But what else can they be?But what else can they be?
•Ability to manipulate/create contentAbility to manipulate/create content•Virtual economy and currencyVirtual economy and currency
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Quh2OiPHkm8
VWs moving out of “Gartner hype cycle” VWs moving out of “Gartner hype cycle” troughtrough
Virtual worlds today
http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1447613http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=1447613
>1 bln usersMay 2006
July 2007
Facilitating the virtual workforce Facilitating the virtual workforce through virtual worldsthrough virtual worlds
Welch et al 2010Welch et al 2010
The rise of Avapreneurs The rise of Avapreneurs (avatar+entrepreneur)?(avatar+entrepreneur)?
Global marketsGlobal marketsMicropaymentsMicropayments
Microemployees Microemployees
Teigland 2010Teigland 2010
Accelerating innovation to meet global Accelerating innovation to meet global needsneeds
Teigland et al. 2010Teigland et al. 2010
Integrating users in Integrating users in development development
processprocess
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kMNWBU1Yb8http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2kMNWBU1Yb8
Increasing pace of VW/3Di development!Increasing pace of VW/3Di development!
VWs on VWs on stickstick
Browser-based Browser-based VWs/hyperlinked VWs/hyperlinked
3D3D
Seamlessness Seamlessness between VWsbetween VWs
http://www.hypergridbusiness.com/2009/05/hypergrid-101-why-its-good-for-business/http://www.hypergridbusiness.com/2009/05/hypergrid-101-why-its-good-for-business/http://mediagrid.org/groups/technology/OFF.TWG/http://mediagrid.org/groups/technology/OFF.TWG/
"Create Once, "Create Once, Experience Experience
Everywhere”Everywhere” Expanding Expanding usesuses
For smart For smart phones and phones and tablet PCstablet PCs
Open source VW platformsOpen source VW platforms
Virtual Worlds on DemandVirtual Worlds on Demand
www.kitely.com
As soon as the Facebook generation wakes up and
embraces virtual reality, we are going to see a giant wave of virtual world millionaires.
-Jon “Neverdie” -Jon “Neverdie” JacobsJacobs
From the mobility of goods From the mobility of goods to the mobility of financial capital to … to the mobility of financial capital to …
...the ...the ““mobilitymobility”” of labor? of labor?Teigland 2010Teigland 2010
Leadership moving forward……Leadership moving forward……
HierarchyHierarchyLinear, static, process-Linear, static, process-
based organizationbased organization
HierarchyHierarchyLinear, static, process-Linear, static, process-
based organizationbased organization
HeterarchyHeterarchyDynamic, integrated Dynamic, integrated
collaboration networks collaboration networks
HeterarchyHeterarchyDynamic, integrated Dynamic, integrated
collaboration networks collaboration networks
Teigland 2010
Interested in learning moreInterested in learning more??
Karinda RhodeKarinda Rhode
aka Robin Teiglandaka Robin [email protected]@hhs.se
www.knowledgenetworking.owww.knowledgenetworking.orgrg
www.slideshare.net/www.slideshare.net/eteiglandeteigland
www.nordicworlds.net www.nordicworlds.net RobinTeiglandRobinTeigland
Karinda RhodeKarinda Rhode
aka Robin Teiglandaka Robin [email protected]@hhs.se
www.knowledgenetworking.owww.knowledgenetworking.orgrg
www.slideshare.net/www.slideshare.net/eteiglandeteigland
www.nordicworlds.net www.nordicworlds.net RobinTeiglandRobinTeigland
Photo: Lindholm, Metro
Photo: Nordenskiöld
Photo: Lindqvist
If you love knowledge, set it
free…