1.Large Research FacilitiesBusiness opportunities from Large Research FacilitiesUK industrial and research capability serving the worldwww.ukti.gov.uk

2. 2 Large Research FacilitiesThe number of Large ResearchFacilities, commonly referred to asResearch Infrastructures, has risensharply in the last few decadesboth in Europe and further afield.Many of these facilities undertakecutting-edge, and increasinglyinternational, scientific research.Crucially, they also offer a widerange of business opportunities.Cover image: Planck during its final cleaning.The spacecrafts surface was inspected under UVlight to detect dust particles that fluoresce afterillumination with UV (Credit: ESA) 3. Preface 3 ContentsPREFACESECTION CAbout this publication 44 Large Research Facilities in the UK58Acknowledgements 54.1 Introduction 60Foreword64.2 Science and Technology Facilities Council60UKTI 84.2.1 Diamond Light Source61 4.2.2 ISIS 62SECTION A4.2.3 Central Laser Facility 631 Large Research Facilities 104.2.4 Computational Science and Engineering641.1 Introduction 124.2.5 Chilbolton Facility for Atmospheric and Radio1.2 Types of Large Research Facility 12Research651.3Business opportunities from Large Research Facilities 13 4.2.6 Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes 662 Winning business from Large Research Facilities 16 4.2.7 UK Astronomy Technology Centre 662.1 Introduction 184.2.8 Joint Astronomy Centre 682.2 Key factors of success 184.2.9 RAL Space682.3How can UKTI help UK organisations succeed with 4.2.10Accelerator Science and Technology Centre 69 Large Research Facilities to win contracts?224.3 Natural Environment Research Council 70 4.3.1 British Antarctic Survey 71SECTION B4.3.2 British Geological Survey723 UK capability in selected technology areas 244.3.3 Centre for Ecology and Hydrology 723.1 Introduction 264.3.4 National Centre for Atmospheric Science723.2 Cryogenics 274.3.5 National Centre for Earth Observation743.3 Fusion energy304.3.6 National Oceanography Centre 743.4 High-performance computing 304.4 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences3.5 Neutron scattering and muon spectroscopy 33Research Council 743.6 Precision engineering334.5 Medical Research Council763.7 Synchrotrons 364.6 Culham Centre for Fusion Energy80 4.6.1 Mega Amp Spherical Tokamak 81CASE STUDIES384.6.2 Joint European Torus 813.1 Scientific Magnetics and CVT Ltd 404.7 Other research facilities813.2 Oxford Instruments and its partnership with ISIS 424.7.1 National Nuclear Laboratory813.3 Culham Centre for Fusion Energy444.7.2 Dalton Nuclear Institute 823.4 MG Sanders Ltd 464.7.3 Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre 843.5 Viglen CERN collaboration484.7.4 Integrated Vehicle Health Management Centre 843.6 Prototech Engineering Ltd ISIS collaboration 494.7.5 Cockcroft Institute 853.7 Zeeko Ltd504.8 Catapult centres 883.8 OpTIC 523.9 Instrument Design Technology 54SECTION D3.10Observatory Sciences Ltd 56Annexesreferences90 Annex 1Abbreviations 92 Annex 2Glossary of technical terms 94 Annex 3List of websites 103 Annex 4Bibliography 110 Annex 5Contact UKTI 110 4. 4 Large Research Facilities About this publicationThe aim of this publication is to makeThis publication is divided into threeA series of Annexes lists abbreviations,UK organisations (especially companies) sections: Section A highlights the breadth glossary of technical terms, selectedaware of major business opportunities of business opportunities presented bywebsites, bibliography and contactfrom Large Research Facilities (LRFs) LRFs and offers practical guidance on detail in UKTI. The glossary provideson a worldwide basis. It highlights the what factors to consider when applying forgeneral descriptions of selectedfactors they need to consider whentenders from these facilities.technical terms used in this document.seeking to exploit such opportunities,These descriptors have been foundSection B showcases UK capabilityand how UK TradeInvestment (UKTI)using a variety of sources, includingin selected technology areas suchcan offer targeted support to bid for and Wikipedia.as cryogenics, fusion energy, high-win contracts from these facilities.performance computing, neutronThe reader should also note that thisAnother important purpose is to scattering and muon spectroscopy, publication does not include every LRFprovide UK missions abroad with a precision engineering and synchrotrons. in the UK or provide a detailed analysiscomprehensive picture of the UKs This is supplemented by a series of caseof all the countrys Research Councilsworld-leading academic/industrial studies of UK companies, which have and academic/industrial capability. Norcapability in selected technology won contracts from LRFs (some withdoes it present a comprehensive listareas and the types of LRFs that existUKTI support).of overseas LRFs. There are simply tooin this country. This is done to help many of them.Section C presents an overview of LRFs inin the identification of commercialthe UK, focusing particularly on Research What it does do, though, is presentopportunities arising from LRFs inCouncils, and other facilities such asa thorough overview of selected UKoverseas markets that would be relevantthe National Nuclear Laboratory, theindustrial and research capability andto UK organisations.Integrated Vehicle Health Managementhow it can support LRFs around theCentre and the Catapult centres.world.Dr Amit KhandelwalUKTI 5. Preface 5ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS UKTI would like to thank all the organisations for their contributions to the creation of this publication. They include:Thank you to Sabine Adeyinka and Advanced ManufacturingNational Nuclear LaboratoryDr Raeid Jewad for their assistance in Research Centre Observatory Sciences Ltdcompiling this publication.British Cryogenics ClusterOpTIC CERNOxford Instruments Cockcroft Institute PA Consulting Culham Centre for Fusion Energy Prototech Engineering Ltd CVT Ltd Scientific Magnetics Dalton Nuclear InstituteUK Research Councils Science and Diamond Light SourceTechnology Facilities Council (STFC), Instrument Design Technology LtdNatural Environment Research Council (NERC), Biotechnology and Biological Integrated Vehicle Health Management Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Centre at Cranfield University Medical Research Council (MRC) ISIS Viglen Ltd MG Sanders Ltd Zeeko Ltd 6. 6 Large Research Facilities ForewordVisible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) is a 4-m class widefield survey telescope for the southernhemisphere, equipped with a near infraredcamera and has an azimuth-altitude mount.It is located at the ESOs Cerro ParanalObservatory in Chile (Credit: VISTA).Right: Wide-field view of the Orion Nebula (Messier42), lying about 1350 light-years from Earth taken with the VISTA infrared survey telescope. The newtelescopes huge field of view allows the whole nebula and its surroundings to be imaged in a single picture and its infrared vision also means that it can peer deep into the normally hidden dusty regions and reveal the curious antics of the very active young stars buried there. This image was created fromSteve OLeary images taken through Z, J and Ks filters in theDirector Infrastructure and near-infrared part of the spectrum. The exposureLow Carbon, UKTI times were ten minutes per filter. The image covers aregion of sky about one degree by 1.5 degrees.(Credit: ESO/J. Emerson/VISTA. Acknowledgment: CambridgeAstronomical Survey Unit)It is my pleasure to present thisThe UK also contributes to several As part of the UK Governments agendapublication, Business Opportunities from international LRFs through directof growth through trade, UKTI is keen toLarge Research Facilities UK Industrialsubscription fees to overseas facilities ensure that UK organisations are:and Research Capability Serving the World. such as CERN, home to the worlds largest Aware of major business opportunities particle accelerator and the European from LRFs on a worldwide basis, andThe UK is home to some of the biggest Southern Observatory (ESO) or through theand best LRFs anywhere in the world, Offered targeted support through EU, for example, ITER (the International catering for many different disciplinesUKTIs extensive global network so that Tokamak Experimental Reactor). Thisranging from astronomy and engineering they are able to make contact with investment is focused on ensuring thatthrough to molecular biology, medicalsenior LRF decision makers, and bid the UKs research community remains atresearch and the natural sciences. for/win contracts from these facilities. the forefront of science, technology andFunded by the UK Government, facilitiesinnovation through scientific collaboration. UKTI is also keen to help overseassuch as the British Antarctic Survey, Crucially, LRFs offer diverse andorganisations bring their high-qualityDiamond Light Source, ISIS Pulsed attractive procurement opportunities investment to the UK, and ideally toNeutron and Muon Source, and the for UK organisations. For example, the set up in science and innovation hubsCulham Centre for Fusion Energy, have European Southern Observatory hassuch as the Harwell Oxford Science andnot only secured the UK the premier budgeted 1 billion for the construction Innovation Campus and the Daresburyposition as one of the best places to of Europes Extremely Large Telescope, Science and Innovation Campus, or inundertake research but also support while CERNs annual procurementone of the many science parks that exista vibrant high-technology industrial budget is over 200 million. in this country.manufacturing base. 7. Preface 7 he UK supports some ofTthe biggest and best LRFsanywhere in the world,embracing many differentdisciplines ranging fromastronomy and engineeringthrough to the naturalsciences. These LRFs offersignificant and challengingbusiness opportunities for UKIndustry globallyThe aim of this publication is threefold.Third, to provide an overview of theFirst, to help highlight the breadth ofdiverse range and capabilities of LRFsbusiness opportunities offered by LRFs,currently based in the UK. They areand which UK organisations shouldplaying an increasing role in undertakingconsider applying for. Practical guidancecontract research and providing solutionsgleaned from companies, the UKs to academic and industrial challengesResearch Councils and procurementthroughout the world, especially throughofficials at LRFs is also provided. This research-based partnerships.outlines the factors to consider when Whether you are venturing into selling toapplying for tenders to win contracts an overseas LRF for the first time, or arefrom these facilities. Artists impression of the European Extremely Large an experienced exporter trying to break Telescope (E-ELT) on Cerro Armazones, a 3060-metreSecond, to showcase the UKs academicinto an existing or new facility, UKTI offers mountaintop in Chiles Atacama Desert. The E-ELT,and industrial capability in a range ofa range of trade support services that cana LRF in development, will be the largest optical/technology areas such as cryogenics, help you in doing business internationally. infrared telescope in the world the worlds biggestnuclear fusion, precision engineering andeye on the sky. (Credit: ESO) I would encourage you to contact ussynchrotrons. This is supplemented by a (see Annex 5) to explore the businessseries of case studies of UK organisations opportunities that arise from LRFs allwhich have engaged with LRFs and over the world, and we wish you luck insubsequently won contracts from them. winning contracts. 8. 8 Large Research Facilities UKTIUK TRADEINVESTMENTUK TradeInvestment (UKTI) is theGovernment Department that helpsUK-based companies to succeed in theglobal economy. We also help overseascompanies bring their high-qualityinvestment to the UKs dynamic economy,acknowledged as Europes best place fromwhich to succeed in global business.UKTI offers expertise and contactsthrough its extensive network ofspecialists both in the UK and in Britishembassies and other diplomatic officesaround the world. We provide companieswith the tools they require to becompetitive on the world stage. 9. Preface 9UKTI supports a wide range of Britishbusinesses through events and specialistworkshopsInvestment to know the UKs strengths and wherebespoke market intelligence, we can investment opportunities exist and to help you crack foreign markets andUKTIs comprehensive range of services help businesses coming to the UK get up get to grips quickly with overseasassists overseas companies, whatever and running with speed and confidence.regulations and business practice.their size and experience, to bringhigh-quality investment to the UK. In October 2010, UKTI was awardedThey are delivered in partnership with Trade the accolade of Best Trade Promotionteams in London and the devolved UKTI staff are experts in helping yourOrganisation (Developed Country) atadministrations of Scotland, Wales and business grow internationally. We provide the International Trade Centres TradeNorthern Ireland.expert trade advice and practical support Promotion Organisation Network Awards. to UK-based companies wishing to grow The awards recognise excellence inOur services include providing bespoke their business overseas. Whatever stage export development initiatives and theinformation about important commercial of development your business is at, weability of UKTI to meet the challengesmatters, such as company registration, can give you the support that you needahead.immigration, incentives, labour, realestate, transport and legal issues.to expand and prosper, assisting you on every step of the exporting journey.Deciding where to locate yourinternational business is often a long Through a range of unique services, including participation at selected trade For further information please visitand involved process. It is UKTIs job fairs, outward missions and providing www.ukti.gov.uk 10. 10 Large Research Facilities he diversity of Large Research Facilities around the T world is truly astonishing, ranging from medical research hospitals and ground-based telescopes through to nuclear fusion experimental reactors, neutron sources and particle accelerators. Crucially, they have a diverse range of needs, such as architectural design, civil engineering, cryogenics, instrumentation and sensor systems among many others, which the UK can help meet. UK business should seize upon these requirements and, with support from UKTI, build long-term profitable partnerships on what are exciting business opportunities. Dr Amit Khandelwal UKTI 11. Section A Large Research Facilities 11Section ALarge ResearchFacilities 12. 12 Large Research Facilities Large Research FacilitiesAerial view of Diamond Synchrotron. (Image courtesy of Diamond Light Source)1.1 IntroductionIn essence, LRFs serve to solve speeding up the drug discovery processchallenges facing the world on energy,for the pharmaceutical industry, andThe number of Large Research Facilitiesliving with environmental change, CERNs Large Hadron Collider (LHC), a(LRFs), commonly referred to as Researchageing and health, digital economy andparticle accelerator which is currentlyInfrastructures, has risen sharply innanoscience, through engineering to being used to elucidate the existence ofthe last few decades both in Europe andapplications. the Higgs boson.further afield. Many of these facilitiesundertake cutting-edge, and increasinglyYet, despite this growth, there is no oneinternational, scientific research to provide universal definition of what constitutes1.2 Types of Large Researchanswers to questions such as: an LRF as they can vary so much Facilityfrom oceanographic ships to particleLRFs can be simplistically divided into Why is there a universe? Was thereaccelerators and synchrotrons, and from the following categories: (i) UK national ever life on Mars?research hospitals to nuclear fusionfacility, (ii) intergovernmental and (iii) How are the chemical elementsreactors, space-based sensors and created? overseas, as outlined in Table 1.1.ground-based telescopes and large data How can we design better treatmentssets. A key feature of an LRF is its substantial for cancer, malaria and diabetes?procurement budget, either for upgradesTwo specific examples are the Diamond to existing infrastructure or for new How do the oceans regulate theLight Source the UKs nationalbuilds. As a result, LRFs can offer diverse, Earths climate?synchrotron facility which has helped lucrative and often high-end business Can we create new materials to store to solve commercial concerns such asopportunities for UK companies. energy? 13. Section A Large Research Facilities 13Table 1.1:elected examples of LRFs UK national facility, intergovernmental and overseas S Type of LRF Funding Selected examples Additional details UK national facilityPrincipally funded by the UKCulham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE)Procurement rules in these Government through the Research facilities are subject to OJEU rules NERC Councils such as the Naturalestablished by the European Environment Research Council British Antarctic SurveyCommission. (NERC) and the Science and National Oceanography Centre Technology Facilities Council National Centre for Atmospheric Science (STFC). STFC iamond Light Source (with 14% from the D Wellcome Trust) SIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source I K Astronomy Technology Centre U Intergovernmental Funded by a series of nations. This xtreme Light Infrastructure (ELI), Czech Republic, E These tend to have either unique could be jointly with EuropeanHungary, Romaniaprocurement rules or rules based partners, or with other globaluropean Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), E on the EU system. They often partners such as the USA. Switzerland and Franceaim to buy from their funding These facilities can be located inuropean Southern Observatory (ESO), Germany and E countries. the UK or elsewhere around theChile world.uropean Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France E nstitut Laue-Langevin (ILL), France I nternational Tokamak Experimental Reactor (ITER), I France (originally called the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) OverseasThese national facilities are ational Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, N These have unique procurement principally funded by overseasCanadarules. The facilities often prefer governments. Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, India procurement from organisations orea Aerospace Research Institute, South Korea K based in the funding country. National Space Organization, Taiwan ew Karolinska Solna University Hospital Project N (including Research Centre), Sweden Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA Los Alamos National Laboratory, USAConcomitantly, there are opportunities often multidisciplinary and serve manyjointly funded or suitable subjects forfor innovative UK-based and overseas different users. Yet another defining international collaboration, in somecompanies to use LRFs at nationalfeature is that the facilities have strongcases distributed across a number ofscience and innovation campuses such academic and increasingly businessdifferent countries. For example, theas at Harwell and Daresbury, and tolinks, often across nations.Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) isdraw on the diverse range of technical located in the Czech Republic, Hungary Given that research is being pursuedcapabilities within this specialistand Romania. on an international basis, reflectingenvironment. the nature of global challenges such as Crucially, these large infrastructuresAnother important characteristic ofclimate change and in areas such as also have ongoing procurement needs,LRFs is their considerable size and theparticle physics, many national LRFswhich can present attractive businessfact that they are expensive to build, are being replaced by next-generation opportunities to UK organisations.maintain and operate. For example, ininternational facilities such as theThis is discussed below.2011 CERNs overall budget was 1.16European Southern Observatory andbillion Swiss francs, which is spent onITER. These are now being viewed as a 1.3 Business opportunities the running costs of the facility such asresearch resource for both academia and from Large Researchsalaries and energy, and on procuring aindustry. Facilitieswide range of products and services. LRFs often fall outside the funding LRFs offer both volume-based andNot surprisingly, LRFs have a life span of remit or capability of any individual value-added opportunities for UKbetween 10 and 20 years (or more), are organisation, and are potentially organisations, and there are plenty of 14. 14 Large Research Facilitiesworthwhile ones to pursue. For example,When planning the next generation ofand their antiparticles rather than protons,these can range from accelerator science facilities, LRFs will often encounter physicists will gain a different perspectivetechnology, advanced materials (such areas where their scientific requirements on the underlying physics.as beryllium-coated vacuum vessels and cannot be met by todays products and For a UK company, such programmesmetal matrix composites), construction technologies. To address this issue, LRFs represent a potential opportunity toand cryogenics through to projectregularly initiate multi-million-euro advise on engineering and designmanagement, design studies and development programmes in partnership challenges, as well as to participate inremote handling (see Table 1.2). with organisations such as universities.the manufacture of component parts forFor example, when constructing the LHC,For example, in 2011 CERN entered intothe machine itself.CERN had a materials budget of almostcollaboration with five UK universities, as well as the Accelerator Science andMost LRFs also actively promote the5 billion Swiss francs, while the ESO hascommercial exploitation of intellectualbudgeted 1 billion for the construction Technology Centre (ASTeC) at the Science and Technology Facilities Councils property that has been generatedof Europes Extremely Large Telescope. through their technology development Daresbury Laboratory for the design of keyContracts worth millions of euros arecomponents of the beam delivery systemprogrammes. In some cases they mayregularly awarded to European suppliersfor the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). even provide funding to support thein high-technology areas, includingapplication of these technologies to otherdetectors, optics and precision motion The aim of CLIC is to develop a machine fields. Not surprisingly this can prove tosystems. Furthermore, there is the to collide electrons and positrons (anti- be an attractive proposition for many UKopportunity to develop cutting-edgeelectrons) head on at energies up to severalcutting-edge technology companies.technologies or products in associationteraelectronvolts (TeV). This energy range is similar to the LHC, but by using electronsBut its not just technology companieswith LRFs. that can benefit from working with LRFs. Contracts for architectural design, largeTable 1.2: Examples of areas in which LRFs procure steel structure fabrication or tunnel excavation are also awarded by LRFs. For Accelerator technology, magnets and superconductivityexample, a UK architectural firm, BFLS, Advanced materials won the contract to design the building for ELI in the Czech Republic. Architecture, civil engineering, buildings and construction Many LRFs, such as Diamond Light Biological materialSource, CERN and ITER, are also Chemicalsprominent national and international brands, and a case study showing how Cryogenics, vacuum systems and gas a product and/or service from the UK Computing and IT services/supporthas been used by them is a compelling endorsement and a powerful marketing Design studies tool to gain new business from other Electrical/electronic systemsLRFs around the world. Fluid systemsThere is no doubt that LRFs are an attractive customer for UK organisations Instrumentation and sensor systems from the perspective of business Mechanical handling and structures opportunities. Winning a contract from an LRF can not only generate revenue but also Particle detectors enhance your reputation. This in turn can Project management lead to repeat or new business by opening doors to procurements from other LRFs. Remote handling In short, there is a lot that UK businesses Support services can do to increase their chances of winning an LRF contract and hence add Synchrotron beamlines to their profitability. The next chapter System integration servicesidentifies some of the key factors of success in order to win business from Welded structures LRFs around the world. 15. Section A Large Research Facilities 15Many LRFs, such as Diamond Light Source, CERN and ITER,are also prominent national and international brands, and acase study showing how your product has been used by themis a compelling endorsement and a powerful marketing toolto gain new business from other LRFs around the world.ATLAS particle detector at the LHC during installation CERN 16. 16 Large Research Facilities ndustry is vital in keeping I CERNs research facilities running, supplying us with everything from off-the-shelf products to highly technical components. This provides the opportunity to small, medium and large enterprises to participate in and benefit from technological advancements in our quest for scientificdiscoveries. Dante Gregorio Section Head Contracts for supplies and IT, Procurement Service at CERN 17. Section A Winning business from Large Research Facilities 17Winning businessfrom LargeResearch Facilities 18. 18 Large Research Facilities Winning business from Large Research FacilitiesThe LRF zone at Technology World 2010 andspecialist one2one meetings at TechnologyWorld 2011.2.1 Introduction country. For example, the UK has LRFs of pan-European interest. They industry liaison officers for CERN,correspond to the long-term needsA wide variety of factors should be the European Synchrotron Radiation of European research communities,considered in order to enhance a UK Facility (ESRF), Institut Laue-covering all scientific areas, regardlessorganisations chances of successfully Langevin (ILL), the European Southernof location. In essence, this activity aimsapplying for, and winning, tenders from Observatory (ESO) and the Internationalto promote the European research areaLRFs. This includes networking and Tokamak Experimental Reactor (ITER). concept which will be delivered throughestablishing personal contact within an Their work is designed to improve thea host of LRFs.LRF; keeping abreast of developments in flow of information from the facilitiesLRFs both in the UK and abroad; getting Several European countries are now to UK industry and can be valuableinvolved in technical development;using the ESFRI Roadmap as a blueprint in helping business to make contactsand understanding procurement rules.for the development of national as well as providing information onThese factors, together with the type ofroadmaps and for the setting of national procurement rules. UKTI can also helpsupport that UKTI offers, are discussed priorities, including existing and new in this regard (see Section 2.3).below.research facilities. Learning about future research Such resources can be invaluable for2.2 Key factors of success infrastructuresbusinesses by giving them significant A number of roadmaps on LRFs notice about existing upgrades andNetworking and establishing have been published. For example,upcoming developments in researchpersonal contact the Research Council UK (RCUK) infrastructures.Personal contacts at LRFs can help Large Facilities Roadmap provideswith understanding the requirements Getting involved in technical a comprehensive picture of currentof upcoming projects and can also development facilities, and their renewals andmake the industry aware of lower-value upgrades. It also identifies emergingFacilities often require cutting-edgecontracts that do not need to go through facilities that are of the highest strategic technologies which are not off-the-formal procedures. importance for the UK. shelf products. Development of theseThe UK has an industry representative technologies often involves large Similarly, the European Strategy Forumfor many of the intergovernmental teams of researchers from the facilities, on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI)research facilities funded by thisacademia and industry working together roadmap identified new and potential 19. Section A Winning business from Large Research Facilities 19For further information on the RCUK and ESFRI roadmaps please visit:Research Councils UK Large Facilities Roadmap: European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures (ESFRI) Roadmap:www.rcuk.ac.uk/research/Infrastructure/Pages/lfr.aspx www.ec.europa.eu/research/infrastructures/index_ en.cfm?pg=esfri-roadmapwith funds coming from several routes,in France, are established as private It is noteworthy that somesuch as the facilities and industries companies governed by civil law.intergovernmental organisations, likethemselves or funding agencies. CERN, aim to achieve juste retour, whichSuch facilities can establish theirrepresents a quantitative linkage betweenIndustry involvement at a development own internal governance procedures,the contributions that a partner countrystage positions a company to receiveincluding the rules under which theymakes to an LRF collaboration, andcontracts in that sector. It also allowspurchase equipment and services, andthe benefits that it obtains in terms ofthem to supply similar facilities thatare not subject to EU procurementcontracts awarded and nationals hired.may use similar technologies. requirements. Their internal rules areusually decided upon and agreed byJuste retour can be a formalUnderstanding the procurementrepresentatives of the funding member requirement, with strict accounting torulesstates or partner country and are ensure that money contributed returnsUnderstanding the procurement rules intended to ensure a high level of cost to each partner as the infrastructureof each LRF is key to bidding for, andefficiency, transparency and fairness tois built and operated. More often, it iswinning, tenders. Many have different the member states.a soft requirement, where benefits,rules depending on their governance, theaveraged over several years, are incountry they are located in and the local For example, CERNs basis ofsome kind of approximate proportion tolaws that apply. For example, researchadjudication for supply contracts isinvestments made.infrastructures in the EU will follow the that a contract will be awarded to theEuropean procurement rules. These bidder with the lowest offer ((Free Carrier Overall, understanding which processinclude UK research infrastructures such(FCA) price)), which complies with thewill be applied during the assessment ofas the High-End Computing Terascale technical specification and deliveryany bids is crucial for winning tenders.Resource (HECToR) and the Science and requirements. This is applied even if a Table 2.1 presents a comprehensive listTechnology Facilities Councils (STFCs)bid offers a technically superior product.of factors to consider when identifyingCentral Laser Facility and ISIS.If, however, suppliers in a member stateand applying for business opportunitiescannot provide the equipment required from LRFs.Other research facilities, like CERN, at a reasonable cost or if no technicalare funded by several countries and The next section looks at the typesalternative exists, then as an exceptionalhave the status of intergovernmentalof support UKTI offers in assisting UKcircumstance contracts can be placedorganisation. Others, like ILL and ESRF organisations to engage with LRFswith non-member states.around the world. 20. 20 Large Research FacilitiesTable 2.1Factors to consider when identifying and applyingfor business opportunities from LRFs ThemeArea(s) Details Networking and Opening the doorIdentify and make contact with key decision makers in the LRF (e.g., in procurement and technical functions) communicationMaking personalto:contact and Gaining Build your relationship and establish your business credentials on your skills base and industrial capability,traction Gain general information/intelligence on doing business with that particular LRF, Understand and discuss with LRF officials aspects such as how the LRF operates, the requirements of a specifictender and the intricacies of the procurement process.Once your relationship is established, it ought to be easier to get responses to emails on specific questions youmay have regarding an existing or future business opportunity.If in doubt, ask. Do not make any assumptions and do learn more about the LRF. This will help increase yourconfidence about the LRF, its focus and what it is trying to achieve. This should help you construct any bid andreduce risk in terms of time and cost.UKTI and Industry Make contact with UKTIs LRF Unit and Research Councils such as STFC and the Culham Centre for FusionLiaison Officers (ILOs) Energy (CCFE) to explore what help they can provide to your organisation. This could include participating inoverseas trade missions to LRFs or meet-the-buyer type events where key decision makers from LRFs aregoing to be present.Note: STFC has ILOs for CERN, ESRF, ILL and ESO, while CCFE has one for ITER.CommunicationsMaintain an open communication style which engenders trust and builds relationships with officials in the LRF.strategy/flow Always reply to requests for information (for example, related to specific tendering opportunities/bids) even if itis only to say thank -you. This will help maintain a healthy profile with LRF officials. MarketingMarketing strategy, Prominently position your brand when you approach LRFs and at the same time ensure that your marketingbrand managementis fit for purpose and clearly linked to the business opportunity. For example, it is crucial to understand thetechnical components of the tender, and how your organisation can deliver to the tender requirement. Thiswill help to present your case on technically challenging opportunities given the high risk content in some ofthese projects. Emphasise quality standards, past and present customer base, key differentiators of your product/service/technical capability from competitor organisations, and the ability to undertake the work and deliver it ontime/to cost.Market research Most LRFs have procurement teams that undertake market research to ascertain what suppliers existnationally and globally. This activity is also referred to as market survey, a term used at CERN.Some LRFs may restrict this search in the first instance to countries that provide funding to their organisation.Market research can become part of the pre-qualification stage within the overall LRF procurement process. TenderingAccessing tenders Regularly consult LRF websites for tender opportunities. For example, ITER opportunities can be found at http:// opportunities, fusionforenergy.europa.eu/procurementsgrants/industryportal.aspx while the STFC tender alert service can be procurement, found at www.stfc.ac.uk/forms/tenderreg.aspx. pricing, foreign Register your details with UKTI to receive notifications about business opportunities from LRFs. exchange, over- gildingProcurement Understand the procurement rules, and seek clarity where needed from the procuring organisation. Theserules can be bureaucratic and stringent, irrespective of the organisations size. Timescales for applying for tenders vary and, at times, the window of opportunity can be limited. Do not over-step the mark in terms of capacity, capability and expertise when considering applying for atender. If you have never undertaken business with LRFs or do not have the experience of undertaking large contracts,focus on the smaller contracts which can be successfully delivered. A small contract may seed a larger one indue course.Pricing The lowest bid or offer which complies with the technical specification/delivery requirements can be thebasis of an adjudication for LRFs procurements in contrast to the best technical tender or other extra valueadd considerations such as quality and longevity of products or service delivered. For example, CERN awardscontracts for industrial services to be executed on its site on a best-value-for-money basis. There is likely to be inflexibility from the LRF in the negotiation of the final contract in terms of price. Hence itis important to seek clarification from the LRF about the scope for negotiation on this matter. Present a clear breakdown of prices (e.g. costs for design, specialised tooling, raw materials, testing/qualityassurance, transport) and factor in price increases to cover unforeseen changes in raw material and/or labourcostsExchange rate Be aware of the price sensitivities of the procuring LRF, in particular due to fluctuating foreign exchange ratesfluctuationswhich can impact on your profit stream. In essence, never speculate in a currency in which you do not havemajor exposure or conduct business.Over-gilding Dont over-gild (give the buyer more than requested in the tender document and associated technicalspecification). 21. Section A Winning business from Large Research Facilities 21Table 2.1 continued ThemeArea(s) Details Business Local distributorsConsider establishing your presence in a foreign market through a local distributor, especially in countries such as arrangements/South Korea and Taiwan where market access can be difficult because of language barriers. processesA local distributor can help in identifying tenders before they are formally released into the open marketplace,thereby giving you more time to consider the opportunity as well as for the application process. UKTI can help findlocal agents through its Overseas Market Introduction Service.Contractual ommercial conditions in contracts from LRFs can be rigid (with almost no negotiation). For example:Cconditions onsequential and indirect losses might be unacceptable and unlimited liabilities are imposed on companiesCdelivering the contract by the LRF procuring the product or service. Some LRFs, such as CERN, do not impose thecondition that a contractor is liable for any indirect or consequential losses, except in cases of gross negligenceor wilful misconduct. he cap on contractor liabilities is high (e.g. twice the contract value for technical liabilities) or is ruled out by UKTcorporate governance rules. For example, CERN normally caps the liability to the highest of (i) the contract priceor (ii) 1 million Swiss francs or (iii) the insured amount of the liable partys applicable insurance policy (exceptfor personal injury or death and cases of gross negligence or wilful misconduct). here may be caps on what contractors can claim. For example, there might be an unrealistic ceiling on living expenses. T ontract negotiations tend to be legalistic and led by the legal team. The technical team may be sidelined andCthere may seem to be no independent exercise to establish the best technical tender. echnical officials often do not foresee contractual problems.T ayment terms might be unhelpful, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises.PDo note that once contracts are placed by LRFs, they generally tend to run smoothly.Contract terminationBe clear about the impact and implication of contract termination. LRFs are likely to stipulate that they are notliable for costs incurred by the contractor for raw materials, specific investments and tooling.Sub-contractorIf you are planning to sub-contract any work, be prepared to specify the nature of the sub-contracting, the namesof the proposed sub-contractors and the estimated value of the work to be performed by them. In order to minimiserisk, some LRFs might impose restrictions at the tendering phase as to the extent of sub-contracting.Contract performanceompanies will be judged not only on the offer price but also on the performance of the contract. Be prepared forCthe monitoring of contract performance on a regular basis. If a contract has been awarded by an LRF, continuallyinform its officials about progress, execution plans and delivery schedules, including any difficulties.ome LRFs might insist on detailed monitoring for non-standard products where the industry has no experienceSin manufacturing specific products. Scientific/Partnershipsroactively network and consider partnering in the technical arena. This may help realise future businessP technologicalopportunities. Do note that LRFs might include contractual clauses which sufficiently protect themselves against developmentpossible risks, especially where collaborative/joint development work is undertaken.larify the ownership and use of any intellectual property to be generated before any partnering arrangementCcommences.Market intelligence Keep abreast of developments in new or existing research infrastructures through roadmaps and LRF IndustrialAdvisory Boards.Also liaise with UKTI, as well as with ILOs at STFC and CCFE. Intellectual Technical capability, rotect your technical capability and know-how by thoroughly reviewing issues surrounding the ownership ofP property rightsknow-how, licensing IPR, especially when developed in a consortium arrangement or between a company and the LRF. (IPR) Keep a clear inventory of background and foreground intellectual property.onsider licensing your technology, especially if you are concerned about IPR protection, enforcement andCaccess within a specific geographical market. Relationship CulturesBe sensitive to cultural differences in doing business. For example, relationship-building and networking in Asia developmentare key components to success. In contrast, in North America the business approach is more transactional.LanguageSome tenders will be released only in a local language rather than in English. Therefore, pay particular attentionto the accurate translation of documents to ensure clarity in what an LRF requires. Also check which language thebid needs to be submitted in, and thoroughly proofread the bid prior to submission. Always keep a copy of the biditself and any supporting documents.Procurement and orge a robust relationship with procurement officials and technical researchers. The former will help to explainFtechnical officials the procurement rules/procedures and identify technical officials. The latter will be able to talk in detail about thespecification of the tender.uilding good relationships in the long term will prove indispensable for future tendering needs/opportunities.Be prepared to share your CV (and that of your team, including sub-contractors) if requested to do so.BThese actions will help to establish your credibility and technical competency. Consortia andConsortia formation Consider consortium formation with organisations in the host country where the LRF is located. This is likely to be accessingviewed favourably by the procuring organisation. But be clear about the ownership of any IPR that is generated as supply chainsa consequence of the consortiums work.Supply chains Identifying and accessing supply chains can help win work from LRFs. This is especially true where aUK company is not a primary contractor or the UK does not have sole expertise in a specific area of need. A localdistribution agent can also assist in accessing supply chains. 22. 22 Large Research FacilitiesTable 2.2: Winning LRF contracts how UKTI can help UKTI Trade Support Services ndertaking the Overseas Market Introduction Service (OMIS) a chargeable U rranging and facilitating general/bespoke networking activities between UK A but heavily subsidised activity which focuses on generating bespoke researchorganisations and senior officials at LRFs, such as with Indias NAL. and business intelligence on existing and upcoming overseas LRFs; ithis activity focused on on partnering opportunities in airframe structures T highlights partners for creating consortia and identifies key areas of overseas work, research and technology collaborations in areas such as impact, industrial and academic strength. crashworthiness, structural health monitoring, structural dynamics elivering a range of events and missions in the UK and abroad, for example: D and aero elasticity, computational mechanics and simulation, fatigue and structural integrity and up gradation of facilities at NALs Structural nformation days in the UK on partnering and business opportunities from I Technologies Division. the Extreme Light Infrastructure (ELI) project Czech Republic, Hungary. onitoring of LRF tenders and alerting relevant companies to the M K mission to a conference on business opportunities from ITER in U opportunities through an industrial database of UK firms. Barcelona, Spain and Cadarache, France. ngaging with officials in the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills E Meet- the- buyer event through outward and inward missions. For on issues such as industry opportunities and concerns with procurement example:processes in LRFs where the UK provides funding support directly or utward mission to CERN (Switzerland), ESRF (France) and ILL (France) O indirectly, such as at CERN and ITER. nward missions to the UK from CERN (Switzerland), ESO (Germany), ELI I (Czech Republic and Hungary), New Karolinska Solna Hospital Project (Sweden) and the National Aerospace Laboratories (India).2.3ow can UKTI help UKHto highlight LRF opportunities to UKsupport services that can make doingorganisations succeedorganisations.business internationally as easy aswith Large Researchdoing business in the UK. While the focus of this publication isFacilities to win contracts? on supporting UK organisations to win We can also provide budding and contracts from LRFs worldwide, UKTI established exporters with tailoredUKTI can provide UK organisations with helps to attract inward investors to bringpackages of support in the form of locala wealth of assistance ranging from their high-quality investment to the UK market research, covering cultural,market intelligence through to making and, ideally, to set up in science and political and business issues, and accesscontacts at the right decision-making innovation hubs like the Harwell Oxfordto key contacts.level in LRFs around the world. Science and Innovation Campus or in A good way of promoting your expertiseWe do this through our overseasone of the many science parks that exist to international buyers and meetingnetworks in British embassies and high in this country. A list of science parks useful contacts is by attending UKTI-commissions around the world, and can be found at the United Kingdom sponsored information days on specificby working closely with the ScienceScience Park Association website, www. business opportunities offered byand Innovation Network (jointly funded ukspa.org.uk. overseas LRFs. UKTI regularly bringsby the Department for Business, The types of trade support that UKTIsenior decision makers and technicalInnovation and Skills and the Foreign provides are summarised in Table 2.2, staff from these research facilities to Commonwealth Office), to identify while Annex 5 provides contact detailsmeet UK companies at these events.overseas LRFs, to understand their within UKTI.procurement requirements and toThis publication now shifts its focuspursue relevant tendering opportunities. Whether you are venturing into sellingto highlight capability in selected to LRFs overseas for the first time, or technology areas where the UK hasIn addition, UKTI partners with CCFE, are an experienced exporter trying to world-leading industrial and academicthe Technology Strategy Boards break into existing and/or new facilities expertise. This is supplemented by aKnowledge Transfer Networks and the such as ELI, ESO, CERN or ITER, UKTIsseries of case studies of UK organisationsUK Research Councils (such as Science dedicated team offers a range of tradewhich have won contracts from LRFs.and Technology Facilities Council) 23. Section A Winning business from Large Research Facilities 23 uilding the worlds bestBtelescopes and instrumentspresents significant commercialopportunities for UK industry,working in partnership withthe UK Astronomy TechnologyCentre, ESO and the Universityinstrumentation groups,especially as we move towardconstruction of the EuropeanExtremely LargeTelescope.Professor Colin CunninghamUK Extremely Large TelescopeProgramme Director 24. 24 Large Research Facilities 25. Section B UK capability in selected technology areas 25Section BUK capabilityin selectedtechnology areas e feel privileged to have been able to develop products in close W collaboration with world-leading neutron scientists from ISIS. Their knowledge and expertise was crucial to the development of a range of helium recondensing magnet products particularly well suited to neutron scattering facilities. Delivering innovative systems to a prestigious facility like ISIS also enhanced Oxford Instruments reputation and credibility as world leaders in superconducting magnet systems. We have since been able to offer similar systems to other key neutron scattering facilities in Europe, USA, Australia, Japan and more recently China. This application area accounts for around 10 per cent of our overall business, so it played a significantpart in the growth of Oxford Instruments NanoScienceover the last few yearsDr Jim HutchinsManaging DirectorOxford Instruments NanoScience 26. 26 Large Research Facilities UK capability in selected technology areasTable 3.1: Selected examples of UK organisations possessing cryogenic capability (indicating scope of supply) OrganisationDescriptionField/area of operation Cryoconnect Cryoconnect is a specialist division of Tekdatas Interconnect Systems, and deals solely withCryogenic wiring and cabling and interconnection solutions in cryogenic systems. Its cables are used in dilutioninterconnections refrigerators, cryogenic systems, superconducting magnet systems, low-temperature detector systems, infrared array systems, and general housekeeping on cryogenic systems of all scales. Cryoconnect has supplied a range of LRFs such as ESO, CERN, CCFE and the James Webb Space Telescope (which will be a large infrared- optimized space telescope with a 6.5-meter primary mirror, and is an international collaboration between NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency). CVT Ltd (see Case Study CVT Ltd manufactures ultra-high vacuum (UHV) chambers, systems and components forManufacturing UHV chambers, 3.1)different application areas. The companys facility is made up of computer numerical control high vacuum systems and (CNC) machining, welding, UHV cleaning and electrical/electronics wiring, assembly and testcomponents, related assembling, for integrated systems.fabrication and computer-aideddesign (CAD) services Herose UK Herose develops and manufactures innovative valves for use in extreme temperatures between Cryogenic valves 270C and +400C, special valves for air separation and valves for liquefied natural gas (LNG). Herose also develops its range of cryogenic shut-off valves by using unique features that have resulted in improvements to the sealing characteristics and also substantially reduced wear during service life. ICEoxford ICEoxford designs, manufactures and refurbishes specialist ultra-low temperature equipment Instruments, cryogenic for the cryogenic research community. This includes wet systems, dry systems and thermometry and sensors recondensing systems. Monroe Brothers Ltd Monroe Brothers provides consultancy in the field of low-temperature engineering. It specialises Design, consultancy and in technologies using liquid nitrogen at 196C to provide fast and effective cooling for industrial custom-built systems and scientific applications, and also liquid helium down to 1.4K for scientific applications. Examples include pollution control with liquid nitrogen and superconducting magnet design with liquid helium. Oxford Cryosystems LtdOxford Cryosystems manufactures a range of coolers designed specifically for sample cooling in X-ray Coolers for Diffraction and diffraction experiments. These include the Cobra, Desktop Cooler and Cryostream, the latter of which Cryocoolers was first developed over 25 years ago in the Clarendon Laboratory at the University of Oxford. Software has also been a traditional strength of the company, from the firmware used to control low-temperature systems to specialist crystallographic software. The company also manufactures the Coolstar range of Gifford McMahon coolers, and is branching out into new applications for its cryocoolers such as high-temperature superconductivity and astrophysics. Oxford InstrumentsOINS creates high-performance cryogenic and cryogen-free environments for ultra-lowDesign, consultancy and NanoScience (OINS) (see temperature and high magnetic field applications, including nanoscale characterisation,custom-built systems Case Study 3.2) materials science and quantum computing. It provides the most advanced experimental equipment and scientific instrumentation, from best in class standard products to custom-built systems and tailored consultancy services. The product range includes dilution refrigerators, superconducting magnets, optical and spectroscopy cryostats and cryogenic spares and accessories, including a new range of cryogenic temperature controllers and magnet power supplies.3.1 Introduction the forefront in terms of technology advancement and supplying toLRFsThe UK possesses a strong and vibrant around the world. A capability analysisacademic and industrial base in a of these areas now follows, supporteddiverse range of high-technology areas, by a series of case studies of UKsuch as cryogenics, fusion energy, organisations that have won contractshigh-performance computing, neutron from LRFs. The reader is asked to notescattering, muon spectroscopy, precision that the organisations listed in Section Bengineering and synchrotron beamlines. are purely to illustrate the UKs capabilityThis capability plays a critical rolein the high-technology areas where theyin ensuring that the UK remains at are mentioned. 27. Section B UK capability in selected technology areas 27Table 3.1 continued OrganisationDescription Field/area of operation Peco Cryogenics Peco Cryogenics is a specialist provider of vacuum-insulated technologies for cryogenic Vacuum-insulated cryogenic handling. Their systems are suited to liquid nitrogen, helium and oxygen and provide thehandling solutions highest quality of liquid delivery with minimal transfer losses. Scientific MagneticsScientific Magnetics offers standard and tailor-made superconducting magnet and cryogenic Superconducting magnets solutions. It also (i) develops a superconducting magnet system from the initial geometry of the coils, through design to assembly, test and commissioning, (ii) manufactures superconducting magnets for both low temperature and high-temperature superconductors, in circular and non- circular geometries, (iii) designs and builds cryostats operating at temperatures down to 0.3K, including normal and superfluid helium systems, zero boil-off (recondensing) and cryogen-free superconducting magnet systems, and (iv) designs and builds cryogenic valve boxes and special cryostats for a wide variety of applications. TematiTemati is a specialist in cryogenic thermometry and a worldwide distributor of carbon ceramic Instruments, cryogenic cryogenic temperature sensors. These sensors offer excellent performance and stabilitythermometry and sensors in the harshest environments, coping well with magnetic fields, high-dose radiation, large mechanical forces and vibration. They are also thermally very responsive as their relatively large ceramic body has low thermal capacitance and absorbs and transmits heat faster than normal sensors. Temati has supplied to a range of LRFs overseas such as CERN, ITER and SRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research. Tesla Engineering Ltd Tesla Engineering Ltd manufactures resistive and superconducting electromagnets for particleSuperconducting magnets accelerators of all types, and produces specialised gradient coils for magnetic resonance imaging scanners. Tesla also supplies electromagnets for emerging applications, such as fusion research and the semiconductor industry. Thames Cryogenics Ltd Thames Cryogenics manufactures, installs and services cryogenic storage and distributionCryogenic piping equipment. It has supported the food industry, from fish freezing to breweries, but in the last 10 years its business has shifted over significantly to the life sciences sector. For example, it worked with the UK Biobank to supply and install vacuum-insulated pipework from two large liquid nitrogen storage tanks to feed over 40 of the largest, most efficient cryogenic freezers available in the UK. Thames Cryogenics and UK Biobank have now established a successful, long-term partnership for the establishment and maintenance of this LRF. Following on from its success with UK Biobank, Thames Cryogenics teamed up with Biomedica, a Saudi Arabia-based specialist equipment supplier to bid for and win contracts in the cryogenic field for the Biobank planned in the country by its health authority, National Guard Affairs. Wessington Cryogenics Wessington Cryogenics is a worldwide manufacturer of cryogenic pressure vessels used for theCryogenic vessels Ltd transport and storage of cryogenic gases, including carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, helium and LNG, and has supplied to numerous customers across a diverse range of sectors. These include LRFs such as CERN, NASA and RAL. A particularly strong area for Wessington has been the design of custom-built and very large liquid helium dewars as well as bespoke products such as mobile purge units designed and developed at the request of Air Products.3.2 Cryogenics In fact, many commercial organisations in and component suppliers has also this field can trace their origins to, or haveevolved around these organisations. ThisThe UK has exceptional strength in links with, Oxford Instruments. One suchconcentration of cryogenic capabilitycryogenic technology, catalysed by entity is Siemens Magnet Technology,has resulted in the creation of the BritishRD work undertaken by organisations which is responsible for almost half theCryogenics Cluster. Its membership issuch as the University of Oxford, Oxford worlds production of magnetic resonanceillustrated in Figure 3.1.Brookes University, the Universities of imaging scanner magnets.Sheffield and Southampton, the Science In fact, almost anything cryogenicand Technology Facilities CouncilsThe infrastructure of industrial gascan be sourced in this country, be it(STFCs) RAL Space, the Culham Centrecompanies (such as Air Products, whichtemperature sensors from Temati tofor Fusion Energy (CCFE) and Oxfordsupplies coolant gases such as liquid giant superconducting magnets fromInstruments. nitrogen) and specialist tiers of service STFC, as illustrated in Table 3.1. Ascontinued on page 30 28. 28 Large Research FacilitiesFigure 3.1Member organisations of the British Cryogenics Cluster 29. Section B UK capability in selected technology areas 29kTkelvin Technology, Ltd.KEEPING COOLMcNaughtonDynamics 30. 30 Large Research FacilitiesTable 3.2: Overview of British cryogenic equipment at LRFs (source: British Cryogenics Cluster) UK supplierLRF nameLRF location British cryogenic equipment at the LRF CryoconnectEuropean Southern Obervatory Atacama Large Millimetre Array ChileAssemblies for the cryostats and detectorsCERN (the ATLAS Detector at the Large Hadron Collider)SwitzerlandAssemblies for the cryostats and detectorsJoint European Torus at CCFEUK Assemblies for the cryostats and detectorsJames Webb Space TelescopeOuter Space (anticipated Spacecraft harnesseslaunch date 2018) CVT Ltd + Scientific Diamond Light SourceUK 3D superconducting magnet in UHV MagneticsCELLS ALBA SynchrotronSpain3D superconducting magnet in UHVSwiss Light SourceSwitzerland3D superconducting magnet in UHV Oxford Instruments ISISUK Recondensing superconducting magnets Peco CryogenicsDiamond Light SourceUK Cryogenic transfer lines and system engineering STFC CERNSwitzerlandATLAS end-cap superconducting magnets Temati Academy of Sciences ChinaCryogenic temperature sensorsCEA (French government technological research organisation) France Cryogenic temperature sensorsand ITERGSI Helmholtzzentrum fr Schwerionenforschung GermanyCryogenic temperature sensorsMax Planck Institute for Plasma Physics GermanyCryogenic temperature sensorsSRON Netherlands Institute for Space Research NetherlandsCryogenic temperature sensorsCERNSwitzerlandCryogenic temperature sensorsJefferson Laboratory, NASAUSACryogenic temperature sensors Thames CryogenicsNational Guard Health Affairs Biobank Saudi Arabia Cryogenic piping, biofreezers and alarms LtdUK BiobankUK Cryogenic piping, alarms, storage tanks and biofreezers Wessington CCFE Joint European Torus (JET) UK Liquid helium tank Cryogenicsa consequence of this strength, UK fusion (MCF) as opposed to inertialexemplified by MG Sanders Ltd (see Casecryogenic equipment can be found in aconfinement fusion (ICF).Study 3.4).large number of LRFs around the world. CCFEs role in supporting ITER can beThis is shown in Table 3.2. 3.4 High-performance highly attributed to the UKs expertiseCase studies focusing on CVT Ltd and in tokamak operations, engineering and computingOxford Instruments (Case Studies 3.1 fusion physics, developed under JET. InThe UK is a major global centre forand 3.2 respectively) are also presented addition to the strong facility operations high-performance computing (HPC).to demonstrate the vital role that is a sound experimental and theory Its key national facility supportingindustrial and academic partnerships programme, which is being carried out in the academic base is the High-Endhave played to continually strengthencollaboration with national universities Computing Terascale Resource (HECToR),cryogenic capability in the UK and allow and international partners. The focus of funded by the UK Research Councilsthis sector to deliver bespoke cryogenic MCF is expected to shift to ITER with theand operated by Edinburgh Universityssolutions to LRFs worldwide. impending closure of the JET in five toParallel Computing Centre. It is available 10 years. Case Study 3.3 portrays CCFEs for use by academia and industry in the3.3 Fusion energyrole in supporting UK businesses to winUK and Europe. In addition to this, there contracts from ITER. are numerous dispersed HPC facilities,The UK has played a key role globallyin the development of fusion energy. A number of UK companies, both small for example:Initiatives in this regard include and large, have won contracts from ITER, STFCs Daresbury Science andoperating the JET fusion facility at JET and MAST, covering a wide range Innovation Campus, which providesCCFE and contributing to the spherical of fields from architectural design and high-performance and distributedtokamak approach, from the Small Tight nuclear site management to remote-computing and data services, for bothAspect Ratio Tokamak up to the Megahandling applications and production of small and large organisations.Amp Spherical Tokamak (MAST).heavy tungsten alloys (see Table 3.3). Oxford Supercomputing Centre at theCCFE is also playing a major role in Their expertise and capability in the University of Oxford, which providesthe worlds largest fusion energyfusion energy arena have allowed them researchers with services such asexperiment, ITER, which is based onto win contracts from other LRFs such astraining, application support, accessthe principles of magnetic confinement CERN and UKs Diamond Light Source, asto powerful computer clusters and 31. Section B UK capability in selected technology areas 31Table 3.3: Selected examples of UK organisations which have expertise in fusion energy (indicating scope of supply) OrganisationDescription Field/area of operation AMEC plcOne of the largest UK private-sector suppliers to the nuclear sector of programme management andAMEC is a focused supplier of engineering services. AMEC has been a pioneer in the development of fusion technology, workingconsultancy, engineering and with the UK Atomic Energy Authority Culham (now CCFE). It is a founding member of the Europeanproject management services to Fusion Engineering and Technology consortium, a European Economic Interest Grouping which its customers in the worlds oil brings together major systems engineering companies from seven European countries . and gas, minerals and metals, AMEC has undertaken many projects on JET, design and safety activities for ITER and studies clean energy, environment and for fusion power plants. It continues to provide RD support, and prototype manufacture and infrastructure markets. With development of mock-ups of key ITER components. annual revenues of some 3.3 We have successfully developed a new low-temperature hot isostatic pressing diffusion bondingbillion, AMEC designs, delivers technique that will be used in the manufacture of fusion-related components.and maintains strategic and complex assets and employs This new technique has benefited other aspects of nuclear generation, including the design and over 27,000 people in around 40 development of a copper-bonded steam generator for use in future sodium-cooled fast reactors. countries worldwide. As the next generation of reactors is developed, both fission and fusion, we will remain at the forefront of delivering nuclear solutions both in the UK and internationally. Alain Chevalier, Business Manager, International and Reactor Development, AMEC plc. Atkins UK Atkins is one of the worlds leading engineering and design consultancies and the largest engineering Design and engineering consultancy in the UK, employing some 17,700 people across the UK, North America, Middle East,services and related technical Asia Pacific and Europe.consultancy Atkins is leading the design and overseeing the procurement and construction of the 39 buildings and associated infrastructure that will make up the ITER research facility in Cadarache, France. As project director and design manager of the Engage consortium, appointed as architect engineer on the project, Atkins is at the forefront of design optimisation of the infrastructure and the co-ordination of all of the technological components that will make up the facility ready for scientific experiments to begin in 2019. With over 40 years experience in the UKs nuclear sector, delivering engineering services from new build through to decommissioning, Atkins is now rapidly growing its presence in the international market place; expanding its services into the US and, through its ntriplea alliance with French engineering giant, Asysstem, in Europe, South Africa and the Middle East. Babcock Babcock provides site management services at nuclear sites and operates a nuclear servicesNuclear site management, International consultancy business, providing a range of specialist, knowledge-based, outsourced solutions to operations, decommissioning Group customers in both the UK and abroad.and advisory The companys services include programme management, decommissioning, waste management, environmental services and technical consulting. It has won contracts/sub-contracts with the ITER project, including providing five project control specialities to the Central Programme Control Office. JacobsJacobs is one of the worlds largest and most diverse providers of professional technical services, Provider of scientific and covering a range of primary markets including energy, infrastructure and technology. For example, specialty consulting, as well as Jacobs has been involved in the ITER project for six years, having undertaken the preliminary all aspects of engineering and design of all the buildings, including the Tokamak Complex for the European Fusion Developmentconstruction, and operations Agreement. It is now providing support to ITERs Building and Site Infrastructure Department and to and maintenance. the Machine Assembly and Installation Department. Meggitt Aerospace Meggitt Aerospace is involved in the design and manufacture of wheels, brakes and braking systems,Aircraft braking systems and Braking Systems heat exchangers and bleed valves. wheels, CC heat-resistant tiles (part of MeggittKey clients include airline operators, aircraft constructors, private aircraft owners and charter plc)operators, governments and military operations, distributors and repair stations. The company has worked on fusion projects with clients across Europe and North America, helping them develop the carboncarbon (CC) materials with the ability to transfer large heat fluxes (with retention of strength at elevated temperatures and low density). It provided CC composite tiles to clad the plasma-facing metallic parts of the JET vessel wall. The tiles help to thwart plasma contact with the vessel wall and other devices extending from the wall such as antenna structures. For the ITER project, Meggitt supplies CC tiles for trials of a divertor design that is being piloted in the JET vessel. The divertor located at the base of the tokamak vessel is exposed to the highest heat fluxes during operation, and in order to meet the heat flux demands, the CC tile blanks contain carbon fibres on a matrix of carbon. To optimise thermal properties for use in fusion applications the CC is heat- treated at temperatures in excess of 2,400C. ITER is an exciting project that is at the forefront of materials development and a key strategic business project. Our experience of fusion has been very positive. So far it has led to changes in production engineering practice resulting in increased efficiency and reduced costs that have been transferred across to core business products. Ben van Sleeuwen, Head of Aftermarket and Advanced Material Programmes, Meggitt Aerospace Braking Systems MG Sanders LtdEstablished in 1971, MG Sanders has expertise in the production of heavy tungsten alloys, which are CNC turning, EDM wire erosion, (see Case Study widely used in the aerospace, defence, automotive, motorsport, nuclear energy and nuclear medicineabrasive water jet cutting, 3.4)sectors.assembly, DENSAMET heavy tungsten alloys, industrial power, quality and materials laboratory and military antennas 32. 32 Large Research FacilitiesTable 3.3 continued OrganisationDescriptionField/area of operation Oxford InstrumentsInvolved in the RD, manufacture and sale of high-technology tools and systems for the analysisNanotechnology tools, industrial and manipulation of matter at the smallest scale. It caters to sectors such as industrial analysis,products and services research, education, space and energy. The companys tools are being used for the development of alternative energy, climate change research and environmental pollution. Recently won contracts with ITER include: A 30 million contract for supplying 58 tonnes of superconducting wire from Fusion for Energy, the European procurement agency for ITER. A 5 million contract for supplying nine tonnes of superconducting wire through a deal agreed with Oak Ridge National Laboratory/UT-Battelle on behalf of the US ITER Project Office, the procurement agency in the USA for ITER. OxfordInvolved in the development of technologies and expertise for the implementation of cost-effective Remote-handling applications Technologiessolutions to remote-handling applications. Phoenix InspectionA developer and manufacturer of automated non-destructive testing equipment using ultrasonic Ultrasonic non-destructive Systems Ltd techniques, serving sectors such as energy, aerospace, process industries and rail.testing solutions The companys assignment with the ITER vacuum vessel consists of developing phased array ultrasonic techniques for inspecting the vessels splice plate welds that join the nine sections of the vessel together. Narrow gap welding of the nine sections using tungsten inert gas welding reduces the risk of distortion over the length of the weld. The confined space makes inspection difficult as narrow gap welds are not conveniently oriented for inspection. In order to overcome this issue, Phoenix has developed a special ultrasonic probe mounted on a probe pan and carried by the welding robot to perform automated ultrasonic inspection. The technique for inspecting these welds uses phased array along with other advanced ultrasonic methods. The ITER vacuum vessel work has broadened our capability in inspecting similar welds throughout the nuclear and energy sectors. Karl Quirk, Managing Director, Phoenix Inspection Systems LtdTable 3.4: Selected examples of UK companies with HPC expertise (indicating scope of supply) OrganisationDescription Field/area of operation Allinea Allinea Software is the leader in development tools for High Performance Computing parallel programming. World-leading institutions, such as the Oak Ridge National Laboratory in USA, rely on this company, as do partners like Cray and IBM. Allinea DDT (distributed debugging tool) easily handles classic bugs and those arising from execution on up to 200,000 cores simultaneously. Its the most scalable debugger for scalar, threaded and parallel codes on central processing unit and graphics processing units. Allinea OPT (optimisation and profiling tool) helps to identify bottlenecks in code to help increase performance. ClusterVision Specialists in the design, implementation and support ofComputer clusters, high-availability clusters, fast networking large-scale computer clusters (Myrinet, Quadrics, SCI and Infiniband), storage (3TB), database clusters (Oracle 10g), servers (AMD/Intel) Eurotech Computer Services LtdDevelops and implements HPC and storage clustersSpecialists in all aspects of processing, protecting, managing and specialises in providing information and data and analysis of data. Creates and integrates large-scale HPC management solutions and services.solutions with a specific focus on the oil and gas, life sciences and research sectors. OCF plc High-performance server and storage cluster integrator, Largest HPC delivery team in the UK; provides tailored cluster services and support team, and Compute on solutions utilising innovative HPC and storage systems Demand provider Viglen Ltd (see Case Study 3.5) Supplies IT hardware, software and technical supportDesigning and installation of custom-built HPC solutions; to two-thirds of UKs universities, including Oxford andprovision of products that cover storage, high-performance, Cambridge, as well as CERNsoftware, servers, learning platforms and training Xyratex Ltd Provider of modular solutions for the enterprise data Advanced, scalable data storage solutions for Original storage and hard disk drive capital equipment industry. Equipment Manufacturers and HPC communities 33. Section B UK capability in selected technology areas 33Table 3.5: Example of a UK company working in the field of neutron scattering and muon spectroscopy (indicating scope of supply) OrganisationDescription Field/area of operation Prototech Prototech offers a range of in-house engineering services, including CADDiversified field of operation which includes Engineering Ltd (seedrawing, procurement of materials, machining of components, mechanicalmanufacturing of prototype and small batch precision- Case Study 3.6) and electrical assembly, and welding and testing of finished products.engineered components and equipment; process Its equipment and services could be used by the gases, chemicals, furnace control systems; cryogenic and ultra-high vacuum and smelting industries, as well as by atomic energy authorities and LRFs.equipment; and specialised welding servicesTable 3.6: Examples of UK academic centres of excellence that support precision engineering (PE) PE centres of excellenceDetail Cranfield University PrecisionCUPE focuses on the design and development of precision production systems, ultra-precision machining, metrology and Engineering (CUPE)micro-engineering. It has supplied precision machines and systems to organisations such as NASA, ESA, ESO, NPL, RAL and high-technology manufacturing companies. CUPE operates ultra-precision laboratories of over 1,000m2 at Cranfield and OpTIC. University of HuddersfieldsCPT focuses on areas such as advanced machining technology, engineering control, machine tool performance and micro Centre for Precision Technologies nano metrology. The University of Huddersfield and the National Physical Laboratory have entered into a Memorandum (CPT) of Understanding to co-operate in engineering measurement research. The CPT is now the EPSRC Centre for Innovative Manufacturing in Advanced Metrology. Ultra-Precision StructuredUPS2 is a partnership combining the ultra-precision expertise of Cranfield University with PE facilities and resources Surfaces Integrated Knowledge held by Glyndr Innovations Ltd at OpTIC in North Wales. Other partner institutions include UCL and the University Centre (UPS2) of Cambridge. Specific capabilities are based around a world-class diamond machining system for large area surface structuring and large-sized optics fabrication facilities at OpTIC and Cranfield. This offers a full suite of surface metrology equipment, including measurement interferometers, high stability for form measurement, miniature high accuracy, and white-light for small-scale surface profiling. shared memory machines, and a In October 2011, the UK Government 3.6 Precision engineering large storage facility. announced 145 million in aid toThe UK possesses strong academic UKs Atomic Weapons Establishment support the development of HPC andand industrial capabilities in precision (AWE), which has one of the associated e-infrastructure in order toengineering (PE), ranging from most advanced and powerfulmaintain the UK as a world leader inmachining, materials handling, supercomputing facilities in thesupercomputing. Improving computingmetrology and micro-engineering to world, undertakes three-dimensional infrastructure is considered key tooptics. Table 3.6 outlines a number of modelling, simulation and driving growth and giving businessesUK academic centres of excellence that visualisations studies using its HPCconfidence to invest in the country.support PE, while Table 3.7 provides a list capabilities. For example, computerof companies that deliver PE solutions. codes used in the mathematical3.5 Neutron scattering and modelling of nuclear weaponsmuon spectroscopyTwo case studies are also presented. performance are refined usingCase Study 3.7 focuses on Zeeko Ltd, The UKs neutron scattering and muon which offers ultra-precision polishing information from hydrodynamics andspectroscopy capabilities are amply laser experiments, data from studies services for optics used, for example, supported by the ISIS Pulsed Neutron as telescopic mirrors. Case Study 3.8 on how materials age, and results and Muon Source, based at STFCs RAL, from previous actual nuclear tests.concentrates on OpTIC, a company and through the UKs subscription to which specialises in precision opticalSupporting this HPC capability are ILL in Grenoble, France, one of the most design and manufacturing.numerous UK companies (some of themintense neutron sources globally.These cases studies demonstrate howare listed in Table 3.4). They include Furthermore, the UK has a number oftwo small yet highly specialist UKViglen Ltd, which has supplied HPC leading companies which work in this area. companies can engage successfully withequipment to CERN (see Case Study 3.5),These are listed in Tables 3.1 and 3.5. Case LRFs such as NASA and the Europeanwhilst Xyrates Ltd has recently supplied Study 3.6 provides an example of how Southern Observatory.its ClusterStor 3000 a new optimal Prototech Engineering Ltd, a UK SME, hasscale-out storage platform to thesuccessfully won contracts from an LRF.University of Cambridge. 34. 34 Large Research FacilitiesTable 3.7: Selected examples of UK organisations that have expertise in precision engineering (PE) (indicating scope of supply) OrganisationDescriptionField/area of operation Claro Precision Established in 1978, Claro specialises in precision machining andCNC milling and turning, material supply, design, Engineering Ltd precision machined parts, sub-contract machining design andassembly, packaging, labelling and managing the manufacture of parts for key areas such as medical instrumentation,anodising, plating, painting and heat treatment of lasers, aerospace, sub-sea and electronics housing.components FGP Precision Established in 1970, FGP offers a complete sub-contract machiningCNC milling and turning, manual milling and turning, Engineering Ltd facility to its clients representing the aircraft, automotive, hydraulic grinding, honing, lapping, spark erosion, inspection and nuclear industries.equipment Genesis Precision Genesis provides precision machined components for variedCNC manufacture of components from varied materials Engineering Ltd industries such as medical, optical, laboratory, instrument, electronic, scientific, machinery and component manufacturers. GOM UK LtdThe companys capabilities include the development and distributionOptical measurement systems of optical measuring systems with a focus on applications such as 3D digitising, 3D co-ordinate measurements, deformation measurements and quality control. GOM systems are used by the automotive, aerospace and consumer goods industry, and by LRFs. Hutton EngineeringHutton Engineering, part of the KAS Technologies Group, specialisesCNC milling and turning, water jet cutting, design for (Precision) Ltd in precision machining and precision machined parts, prototyping,manufacture advice, assembly, material supply, packing, production and packaging of materials across sectors such as labelling of components, anodising, plating, painting and medical, Formula One, semiconductor and aerospace. heat treatment of materials Merc Engineering UK Ltd Merc Engineering has expertise in producing customised, high-CNC milling and turning, sliding-head CNC turning, multi- quality precision parts and sub-assemblies for the defence,axis mill turning, EDM wire erosion, EDM spark erosion, aerospace, railway, nuclear, power generation and commercial EDM fast hole drilling, welding and fabrication sectors. OpTIC (see Case Study An offshoot of Glyndr Innovations, OpTIC designs and develops Micro-precision engineering: nano-scale polishing, 3.9)prototypes, new processes and products for various industries. micro-precision engineering-structured pattern drums,solar energy research, holography, lasers, polymerisationreaction engineering and optical systems consultancy Pace PrecisionPace Precision is a light engineering company involved in the design,Precision CNC machining, milling and turning, prototyping, engineering and production of components for amaintenance and repair, sheet metal and fabrication, CAD broad range of industries, including packaging, defence, aerospace,and prototyping electronics and medical. Scitech Precision Ltd Scitech Precision mainly provides bespoke micro-targets for use in Micro-assembly, thin film coating, characterisation, high-energy photon science experiments.micro-engineering and micro-manufacture based uponmicro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) fabricationtechniques Taylor Hobson A high-precision engineering company providing contact and non-Optic applications, automotive applications, Aerospect contact metrology solutions for various applications.stack prediction for alignment and measurementof gas turbine and jet engines in the aerospaceindustry, bearings applications, hard disk, MEMS andsemiconductor applications, nano-scale metrology formedical applications and thin film analysis Zeeko Ltd (see Case Established in 2000, Zeeko is a technology company that provides Ultra-precision polishing solutions for optics and complex Study 3.7)ultra-precision polishing solutions for optics and other complex surfaces, manufacture of ultra-specific polishing machines, surfaces such as telescopic surfaces for the aerospace, healthcare,manufacture of corrective polishing machines for fabricating optics, moulded optics, semi-conductor and display industries. high-precision optics, orthopaedic joints, semi-conductorapplications and precision moulds in a variety of materials 35. Section B UK capability in selected technology areas 35AMEC operates the NIRAS laboratory, which provides independentradioactivity testing. Photo by courtesy of AMEC 36. 36 Large Research FacilitiesTable 3.8: Select examples of UK organisations with expertise to supply, build and maintain synchrotron facilities (indicating scope of supply) OrganisationDescriptionField/area of operation FMB OxfordFMB Oxford supplies instrumentation to the scientific community. The company isBeamlines and beamline components, also involved in providing synchrotron beamline components and systems. Their core monochromators, mirror systems, slits, competencies include project management, design, assembly, testing and installation of controls, ancillary components, detectors beamline systems and components. and diagnostics It has delivered key components for three macromolecular crystallography beamlines to Diamond Light Source, two bending magnet beamlines and two insertion device beamlines for the Australian Synchrotron Project, and one beamline for Indus-1 in India. They are currently working on a nano-beamline for ANKA at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and an X-ray absorption spectroscopy beamline for the CELLS ALBA Synchrotron. Genvolt Genvolt is involved in the design, development and manufacture of DC stabilised high-High-voltage power supplies voltage power supplies. It has recently won contracts from CERN. and RAL. Instrument Design IDT provides a range of components for the synchrotron beamline market. The companyDesigning and building beamlines and Technology (IDT)has supplied to most synchrotron radiation sources worldwide, including the High Pressurebeamline components (see Case Study 3.9)Collaborative Access Team at the Advanced Photon Source (Chicago, USA), the Hard X-ray Microanalysis at the Canadian Light Source (Saskatoon, Canada) and the Micro-spectroscopy Beamline ID5 at the Australian Synchrotron Project (Melbourne, Australia). Kurt J Lesker Established in 1954, Kurt J Lesker is long considered a global market leader in theCustomised vacuum systems and Company manufacture and distribution of high-quality vacuum parts and systems. The companys support, deposition materials, design and four divisions include; Vacuum Mart, Process Equipment, Materials and Manufacturing. engineering services. The most completeline of vacuum products in the world. Observatory SciencesObservatory Sciences is a leading developer and supplier of software for the control of big Developing and supplying software for Ltd (see Case Study science systems and instruments, including large telescopes and synchrotrons. the control of big science systems and 3.10) They provide a range of bespoke systems development, consultancy and project instruments, and consultancy management services tailored to the needs of individual clients, and employ a wide range of software technologies for producing control systems, including the EPICS toolkit and the LabVIEW graphical programming language from National Instruments, as well as Java and C/C++ programming. Projects include the Advanced Technology Solar Telescope, the Gemini Observatory, the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer, the European Extremely Large Telescope, the Discovery Channel Telescope, Diamond Light Source and ITER. Q-par Angus Ltd Q-par Anguss expertise includes microwave design and manufacture. The company Antenna positioners, the entire range of focuses on RD and manufacture of microwave components and antenna systems for antennas comprising horn, omni, sinuous the entire breath of radio frequency spectrum. and spiral antennas, sub-systems andbespoke components VG ScientaVG Scienta was formed by merging the businesses of Vacuum Generators and Vacuum components, surface science Gammadata Scienta. It is considered as a worldwide premier supplier of quality productsinstruments such as spectrometers, and in the area of surface physics, and UHV and vacuum components. VG Scienta Systems (special vacuumsystems for scientific use)3.7 Synchrotrons advanced research tool for both appliedTechnology Centre (ASTeC) located at and fundamental science. STFCsDaresbury Science and Innovation Campus.The UKs principal synchrotron light Particle Physics Department at RALsource capability resides in DiamondThe UK also has many prominent actively supports the particle physicsat the Harwell Oxford Science and companies that help to build, supply and research programme; its work includesInnovation Campus. Diamond is a not-maintain synchrotron research facilities. construction of large detector systems,for-profit limited company funded asA select number are listed in Tables computing, data analysis and acceleratora joint venture by the UK Government3.1 and 3.8. Case Studies 3.9 and 3.10 expertise. Some of the global projectsthrough the ScienceTechnologyfocus on highlighting two SMEs, namely and experiments that use its expertiseFacilities Council (STFC) in partnershipInstrument Design Technology (IDT) and include CERNs Large Hadron Collider andwith the Wellcome Trust.Observatory Sciences Ltd, which have international grid computing.successfully supplied to synchrotronDiamond and the ESRF serve the Other UK centres for particle physicsfacilities worldwide.light source community, providing an include the