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Texas History Chapter 1.1: The Six Essential Elements of Geography

TX History Ch 1.1

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Page 1: TX History Ch 1.1

Texas History

Chapter 1.1:

The Six Essential Elements of Geography

Page 2: TX History Ch 1.1

How might your life be different if you lived in the

desert?

Sahara Desert

Page 3: TX History Ch 1.1

How does the geography of Afghanistan affect our soldiers fighting the War on

Terror?

Page 4: TX History Ch 1.1

Why are we studying this?

People have lived in Texas and influenced it’s environment for

thousands of years. The geography of Texas influences

how people live.

Page 5: TX History Ch 1.1

Six Essential Elements of Geography

• The world in spatial terms• Places and regions• Physical systems• Human systems• Environment & Society• Uses of Geography

Page 6: TX History Ch 1.1

The World in Spatial Terms

• Geography—the study of the special physical and human characteristics of a place or region

• Environment—physical surroundings

Page 7: TX History Ch 1.1

The World in Spatial Terms

•Culture—a learned system of shared beliefs, traits, settlement patterns

Page 8: TX History Ch 1.1

What are some cultural traits of Celina?

Page 9: TX History Ch 1.1

The World in Spatial Terms

• Geographers look at where things are located

• Geographers use many tools—Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Page 10: TX History Ch 1.1

The World in Spatial Terms

• GIS—computer databases that gather, store, and organize geographic information

Example of a GIS created map

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Google Earth

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Places & Regions

Physical Characteristics

Human Characteristics

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Places & Regions

• Regions

–Formal

–Functional

–Perceptual The Regions of Texas

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Physical Systems

• Geographers study the physical processes and interactions among four physical systems– Atmosphere– Land– Water– Life

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Physical Systems

• Ecosystem—all of an area’s plants and animals together with their non-living environmentThis flowing East Texas stream is

an important part of a bottomland hardwood ecosystem.

Page 16: TX History Ch 1.1

Human Systems

• Involves the study of population distribution, growth, and movement

• Migration—Movement of people

• Urbanization—an increase in people living or working in cities

Page 17: TX History Ch 1.1

Environment & Society

• Concerns how people interact with the environment

• Roy Bedichek—Texas naturalist who warned about the dangers of pollution Roy Bedichek

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Geography & Society

• Humans affect the environment for better and worse—pollution, restore deforested areas

• The environment affects humans—where they live

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Uses of Geography• Geographers—

locate natural resources

• Historians—use geography to understand history

• Conservation programs

Page 20: TX History Ch 1.1

List the six essential elements of Geography. Then describe each element

PurposeElement