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The Forum on Readiness for REDD The Forum on Readiness for REDD The Woods Hole The Woods Hole Research Center Research Center The Forum on Readiness for REDD The Forum on Readiness for REDD and and Overview of UNFCCC REDD Process Overview of UNFCCC REDD Process

Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

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Workshop: South‐South collaboration on REDD demonstration activities, Manaus Brazil 2009

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Page 1: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

The Forum on Readiness for REDDThe Forum on Readiness for REDD

The Woods Hole The Woods Hole

Research CenterResearch Center

The Forum on Readiness for REDDThe Forum on Readiness for REDD

and and

Overview of UNFCCC REDD ProcessOverview of UNFCCC REDD Process

Page 2: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

The Forum on Readiness The Forum on Readiness for REDDfor REDD

�� A multiA multi--stakeholder forum focused on practical stakeholder forum focused on practical

approaches for building REDD readiness through:approaches for building REDD readiness through:

�� crosscross--stakeholder dialogue and prioritystakeholder dialogue and priority--settingsetting

�� SouthSouth--South collaborationSouth collaboration�� SouthSouth--South collaborationSouth collaboration

�� linking local and international expertise with country linking local and international expertise with country

goals to support readiness activitiesgoals to support readiness activities

Page 3: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Readiness Forum Advisory Readiness Forum Advisory CommitteeCommittee

�� Government of ColombiaGovernment of Colombia

�� Norway fund for Forests and Norway fund for Forests and ClimateClimate

�� Government of UgandaGovernment of Uganda

�� IPAM BrazilIPAM Brazil

�� Greenbelt Movement KenyaGreenbelt Movement Kenya

�� UNUN--REDD ProgrammeREDD Programme�� Government of UgandaGovernment of Uganda

�� Packard FoundationPackard Foundation

�� World Bank Forest Carbon World Bank Forest Carbon Partnership FacilityPartnership Facility

�� Government of GhanaGovernment of Ghana

�� Government of CambodiaGovernment of Cambodia

�� Conservation InternationalConservation International

�� WWFWWF

�� Amazon AllianceAmazon Alliance

�� Government of GabonGovernment of Gabon

�� Pending Pending –– Tebtebba Tebtebba PhilippinesPhilippines

Page 4: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Forum Readiness Workshop, Forum Readiness Workshop, Accra, August 2008Accra, August 2008

�� Hosted jointly by Ghana Ministry of Lands, Forestry Hosted jointly by Ghana Ministry of Lands, Forestry and Mines and the Ghana Forestry Commissionand Mines and the Ghana Forestry Commission

�� Over 80 international participantsOver 80 international participants�� Over 80 international participantsOver 80 international participants

�� Regional Breakout groups identified readiness Regional Breakout groups identified readiness priorities for their regionpriorities for their region

�� Workshop report at http://whrc.org/reddreadyWorkshop report at http://whrc.org/reddready

Page 5: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Overview of Readiness Overview of Readiness ActivitiesActivities

�� A background document prepared by WHRC on A background document prepared by WHRC on readiness activities around the worldreadiness activities around the world

�� Highlights specific programs, projects, and pilot Highlights specific programs, projects, and pilot activities activities –– NOT comprehensiveNOT comprehensive

�� Available at Available at

Page 6: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Film on Introduction to REDDFilm on Introduction to REDD

�� Development by INCEF ( International Conservation and Development by INCEF ( International Conservation and Education Fund) (Education Fund) (www.incef.orgwww.incef.org))

�� Film will introduce indigenous and forestFilm will introduce indigenous and forest--dependent dependent �� Film will introduce indigenous and forestFilm will introduce indigenous and forest--dependent dependent communities and networks to basics of REDD and how communities and networks to basics of REDD and how they can get involvedthey can get involved

�� Local languageLocal language

�� Local voices on forests, deforestation, climate changeLocal voices on forests, deforestation, climate change

�� We welcome collaboration and input!We welcome collaboration and input!

Page 7: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

SouthSouth--South Collaboration workshops on South Collaboration workshops on implementing REDD, Amazonas, Brazil:implementing REDD, Amazonas, Brazil:

Feb 10Feb 10--13 and March 1613 and March 16--19 200919 2009

Page 8: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

REDD in the UNFCCC REDD in the UNFCCC Process Process -- AcronymsAcronyms

��UNFCCC UNFCCC –– United Nations Framework Convention on United Nations Framework Convention on Climate ChangeClimate Change

��COP COP –– Conference of the PartiesConference of the Parties

��RED(D) RED(D) –– Reducing Emissions from Deforestation (and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation (and ��RED(D) RED(D) –– Reducing Emissions from Deforestation (and Reducing Emissions from Deforestation (and Degradation)Degradation)

��SBSTA SBSTA –– Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological AdviceTechnological Advice

��CDM CDM –– Clean Development MechanismClean Development Mechanism

Page 9: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

REDD in the UNFCCC REDD in the UNFCCC processprocess

�� 2005 2005 –– Papua New Guinea and Costa Rica successfully get REDD on Papua New Guinea and Costa Rica successfully get REDD on the agendathe agenda

�� December December -- Montreal Montreal –– RED is given 2 deadline for SBSTA RED is given 2 deadline for SBSTA recommendationsrecommendations

�� 20062006--2007 2007 -- 2 SBSTA workshops on scientific, technical, and policy 2 SBSTA workshops on scientific, technical, and policy issues of REDDissues of REDD

�� December 2007 December 2007 -- Bali Bali –– 2 year deadline reached; SBSTA recommends 2 year deadline reached; SBSTA recommends inclusion of degradation; Bali Action Plan includes REDD; indicative inclusion of degradation; Bali Action Plan includes REDD; indicative guidance on demonstration activities providedguidance on demonstration activities provided

�� December 2008 December 2008 –– Poznan Poznan –– recommendation to move REDD from recommendation to move REDD from technical to policy and finance discussion; language on role of technical to policy and finance discussion; language on role of indigenous and local communities included in SBSTA conclusions, indigenous and local communities included in SBSTA conclusions, but controversy over terminologybut controversy over terminology

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Indicative GuidanceIndicative Guidance(FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1*(FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1* ))

1. Demonstration activities should be undertaken with approval of host Party;1. Demonstration activities should be undertaken with approval of host Party;

2. Estimates of reductions or increases of emissions should be results based, 2. Estimates of reductions or increases of emissions should be results based, demonstrable, transparent, verifiable, and estimated consistently over time;demonstrable, transparent, verifiable, and estimated consistently over time;

3. The use of the methodologies described in paragraph 6 of this decision is 3. The use of the methodologies described in paragraph 6 of this decision is 3. The use of the methodologies described in paragraph 6 of this decision is 3. The use of the methodologies described in paragraph 6 of this decision is encouraged as basis for estimating and monitoring emissions;encouraged as basis for estimating and monitoring emissions;

4. Emission reductions from national demonstration activities should be 4. Emission reductions from national demonstration activities should be assessed on the basis of national emissions from deforestation and forest assessed on the basis of national emissions from deforestation and forest degradation;degradation;

5. Subnational demonstration activities should be assessed within the boundary 5. Subnational demonstration activities should be assessed within the boundary used for the demonstration, and assessed for associated displacement of used for the demonstration, and assessed for associated displacement of emissions;emissions;

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Indicative Guidance cont’dIndicative Guidance cont’d(FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1*(FCCC/CP/2007/6/Add.1* ))

6. Reductions in emissions or increases resulting from the demonstration 6. Reductions in emissions or increases resulting from the demonstration activity should be based on historical emissions, taking into account national activity should be based on historical emissions, taking into account national circumstances;circumstances;

7. Subnational approaches, where applied, should constitute a step towards the 7. Subnational approaches, where applied, should constitute a step towards the development of national approaches, reference levels and estimates;development of national approaches, reference levels and estimates;

8. Demonstration activities should be consistent with sustainable forest 8. Demonstration activities should be consistent with sustainable forest management, noting, inter alia, the relevant provisions of the United management, noting, inter alia, the relevant provisions of the United Nations Forum on Forests, United Nations Convention to Combat Nations Forum on Forests, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification and the Convention on Biological Diversity;Desertification and the Convention on Biological Diversity;

9. Experiences in implementing activities should be reported and made 9. Experiences in implementing activities should be reported and made available via the Web platform;available via the Web platform;

10. Reporting on demonstration activities should include a description of the 10. Reporting on demonstration activities should include a description of the activities and their effectiveness, and may include other information;activities and their effectiveness, and may include other information;

11. Independent expert review is encouraged 11. Independent expert review is encouraged

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Poznan 2008 Poznan 2008 SBSTA conclusions highlightsSBSTA conclusions highlights

(FCCC/SBSTA/2008/L.23) (FCCC/SBSTA/2008/L.23)

�� Parties to submit to the secretariat, by 15 February, Parties to submit to the secretariat, by 15 February, information on their experiences and views, and information on their experiences and views, and countrycountry--specific information on needs for technical and specific information on needs for technical and institutional capacityinstitutional capacity--building and cooperationbuilding and cooperation

�� Parties and accredited observers to submit by 15 Parties and accredited observers to submit by 15 February, their views on issues relating to indigenous February, their views on issues relating to indigenous people and local communities for the development and people and local communities for the development and application of methodologiesapplication of methodologies

�� launch by the secretariat of the Web Platform on the launch by the secretariat of the Web Platform on the UNFCCC websiteUNFCCC website

http://unfccc.int/methods_science/redd/items/4531.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_science/redd/items/4531.php

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Poznan 2008Poznan 2008SBSTA conclusions highlights cont’dSBSTA conclusions highlights cont’d

(FCCC/SBSTA/2008/L.23)(FCCC/SBSTA/2008/L.23)

�� Promoting the readiness of developing countriesPromoting the readiness of developing countries

�� Recognizing the need to promote the full and effective participation Recognizing the need to promote the full and effective participation of indigenous people and local communitiesof indigenous people and local communities

�� The use of the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines For National The use of the Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines For National Greenhouse Inventories and encouraging the use of the Good Greenhouse Inventories and encouraging the use of the Good Practice Guidance For Land Use, LandPractice Guidance For Land Use, Land--Use Change and Forestry as Use Change and Forestry as appropriateappropriate

�� The need to establish robust and transparent national forest The need to establish robust and transparent national forest monitoring systems, following consideration of their requirementsmonitoring systems, following consideration of their requirements

�� If appropriate, the need to establish robust and transparent subIf appropriate, the need to establish robust and transparent sub--national forest monitoring systems, following consideration of their national forest monitoring systems, following consideration of their requirementsrequirements

Page 14: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Issue: Scale Issue: Scale

��National vs ProjectNational vs Project--level approach:level approach:

�� National accounting approach:National accounting approach:

�� avoids many problems with leakage that kept REDD out of avoids many problems with leakage that kept REDD out of CDMCDM

�� could drive deeper Annex I commitmentscould drive deeper Annex I commitments�� could drive deeper Annex I commitmentscould drive deeper Annex I commitments

�� SSupports development of crossupports development of cross--sectoral policies to address sectoral policies to address drivers of deforestationdrivers of deforestation

�� Subnational accounting approachSubnational accounting approach

�� May aMay allow broader initial participationllow broader initial participation

�� QQuicker startuicker start

�� PPromotes private sector financingromotes private sector financing

Page 15: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Issue: BaselinesIssue: Baselines

��National historical reference period based on emissionsNational historical reference period based on emissions

��ForwardForward--looking baseline modeling future „business as looking baseline modeling future „business as usual“ emissionsusual“ emissions

��Baseline of carbon stocksBaseline of carbon stocks��Baseline of carbon stocksBaseline of carbon stocks

��Global average emissions baselineGlobal average emissions baseline

��Hybrid approachHybrid approach

�� UUsing combination of historical emissions and carbon sing combination of historical emissions and carbon stocksstocks

Page 16: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Issue: ScopeIssue: Scope

�� Include degradation?Include degradation?

�� Include maintenance of carbon stocks?Include maintenance of carbon stocks?

�� Include regrowth/increase in carbon stocks?Include regrowth/increase in carbon stocks?�� Include regrowth/increase in carbon stocks?Include regrowth/increase in carbon stocks?

�� Costa Rica Costa Rica –– declining deforestationdeclining deforestation

�� Congo Basin Congo Basin –– limited degradationlimited degradation

�� Brazil Brazil –– extensive historical deforestationextensive historical deforestation

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Issue: Financing MechanismIssue: Financing Mechanism

��Market:Market:

�� Credits created for emissions reduced, which can be sold to Credits created for emissions reduced, which can be sold to industrialized countries to meet emission reduction targetsindustrialized countries to meet emission reduction targets

��NonNon--market approach:market approach:��NonNon--market approach:market approach:

�� Annex I countries contribute voluntarily to a fund not Annex I countries contribute voluntarily to a fund not linked to marketlinked to market

�� LLevy on emissions trading to fund REDDevy on emissions trading to fund REDD

��Hybrid approachesHybrid approaches

�� SSeparate market for REDD creditseparate market for REDD credits

��And many others....And many others....

Page 18: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

REDD negotiations in 2009REDD negotiations in 2009

��Bonn, 29 MarchBonn, 29 March--8 April8 April

��Bonn, 1Bonn, 1--12 June12 June

��Bangkok, 28 SeptemberBangkok, 28 September--9 October9 October��Bangkok, 28 SeptemberBangkok, 28 September--9 October9 October

��Arrangements for additional meetings Arrangements for additional meetings before Copenhagen might be made if before Copenhagen might be made if necessarynecessary

��Copenhagen, 7 Copenhagen, 7 --18 December18 December

Page 19: Tracy Johns - Forum on Readiness for REDD

Thanks for your attentionThanks for your attentionTracy JohnsThe Woods Hole Research [email protected]