Towards Tokyo Olympics: 5G/P2P Hybrid Designs for Streaming to Massive Wireless Crowds

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Terminology

• 5G : LTE-A, LTE Direct, D2D

• P2P :WiFi Direct• MultiConnect : multiple parallel connectivities (LTE + WiFi Direct, WiFi Direct x 2..10) 02

• GroupConnect : group virtualization, depends on MultiConnect 01

• MultiSource : aggregate content from multiple sources (used in videostreaming) 04

• Massive Crowd : 100k wireless nodes in a 1500x1000m space

02 myself+0 "Virtual Wireless User: ...Parallel MultiConnect Using WiFi Direct in Group Communication" 10th MobiQuitous (2013)

01

myself+0 "Multi-Source Stream Aggregation in the Cloud" Book on Advanced Content Delivery, Streaming, and Cloud Services,

Wiley (2014)

04 myself+0 "Experiments with application throughput in a browser with full HTML5 support" IEICE ComEx (2013)

M.Zhanikeev -- [email protected] -- 5G/P2P Hybrid Designs for Streaming to Massive Wireless Crowds -- http://bit.do/150302 -- 2/23...

2/23

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4G/5G Technology Roadmap

MC

BS

MC MC

05 M.Rumney+0 "LTE and the Evolution to 4G Wireless, Design and Measurement Challenges" Wiley (2013)

06 X.Zhang+1 "LTE-Advanced Air Interface Technology" CRC Press (2013)


3/23

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Wireless Capacity

Growing Throughput

Cloud APIs, CDNs

3G/LTE

WiFi

WiFi Direct

5G Microcells



4/23

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Streaming CapacityCrowd Size

~100

OFDM (5G)

CDNs, Clouds

MicroCells (eNB , Femto)

Local Cache (P4P)

Limit of Radio Saturation

Technologies in order of increasing local streaming capacity

TDMA (3G)

~10k

~50k

~100k

Effective scope for P2P WiFi


5/23

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Formulations


6/23

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Wireless Streaming at Olympics Stadium

CDN2NP

CP

Clouds or CDNs

Remote Viewers Viewer

Local Viewers

Viewer

APs

Stadium

CP Cache

BS

Local Resources

NP2AN


7/23

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P2P WiFi and Video Streaming

.Wireless Group Virtualization..

.... is when multiple wireless nodes appear as one node to the outside 02

• MultiSource : content is aggregated via multiple wireless connections

• when ready, content is distributed within the group



8/23

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Virtualization by GroupConnectTo 3G/LTE

Virtual Wireless User

Internal Engine

To 3G/LTE

Resource Virtualization


9/23

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Streaming : Downstream Technologies

CDN

Cache

BS

APs

Users

P2P Peers B1

B2

B3

B5

B4


10/23

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Modeling and Analysis


11/23

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Olympics Stadium and Base Models

Densest area

More hotspots if available

MC MC

MC

MC

MC MC MC

MC

BS

Base Model 1 Base Model 2 A Hybrid Model


12/23

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Olympics Stadium in Tokyo


13/23

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Model Setup

• allocation of WiFi APs and LTE-A MCs◦ densest first◦ minimum distance between two APs/MCs

• devices per AP/MC : 8 max for MC, 10 max for AP, 10 max for P2P

• P2P grouping : random selection within 25m radius• models

1. LTE-A MCs2. WiFi APs3. P2P extension to WiFi APs


14/23

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Results: WiFi vs Small Cells

3 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6Crowd size (log of no of people)

100

300

500

700

900

1100

Utiliz

ed A

Ps

10m20m

30m

50m

2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5Crowd size (log of no of people)

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Utiliz

ed A

Ps

25m

50m

75m100m

M1 M2


15/23

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Results: P2P Extension

0.6 1.2 1.8 2.4 3Crowd size (log)

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

Num

ber o

f gro

ups (

log)

2 hops

3 hops4 hops

M3

• exponential growth, but still slow• 1k added nodes after 4 hops

• main problem: inefficient grouping


16/23

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More Efficiency?


17/23

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What can be improved?

• WiFi Broadcasting?◦ possibly as a hack of iBeacon, WiFi Direct or LTE Direct?

• WiFi Direct is a TDMA mode of communication◦ very fast = short bursts, collision avoidance

• Local Positioning : sound (speaker), WiFi, etc. -- not helpful


18/23

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iBeacon as WiFi Broadcast (hack)


19/23

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Resource Discovery as Broadcasting


20/23

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That’s all, thank you ...


21/23

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LTE Direct is NOT in Smartphones YET


22/23

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D2D Depends on Infrastructure


23/23