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Recent works on Content Centric Networking (CCN) enable the exploitation of the caching resources of the new generation of routers (Content Routers or CR). So far, only a basic Least Recently Used (LRU) strategy implemented on every CRs has been proposed. We introduce here a cooperative caching strategy that has been designed for the treatment of large video streams with on-demand access. This caching strategy addresses the need of Internet Service Provider by halving the cross-domain traffic.
Citation preview
Time-Shifted TV inContent CentricNetworksthe Case for CooperativeIn-Network CachingZhe LI and Gwendal SIMON
Context
Routers with cache (or Content Routers or CR)an opportunity to revisit content deliverya key element of content centric network
Motivations for ISP :minimize incoming video trafficenter the Content Delivery Network gamereduce overall traffic on intra-ISP links
2 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Context
Routers with cache (or Content Routers or CR)an opportunity to revisit content deliverya key element of content centric network
Motivations for ISP :minimize incoming video trafficenter the Content Delivery Network gamereduce overall traffic on intra-ISP links
2 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Our Focus : Time-shifted TV
Principles :a show broadcasted at t is available at any t + xlet’s surf the TV channelthe killer app of connected TV
A nightmare for TV broadcastersclients skip adsthe cost of servers that both ingest and delivera service that is (yet) not well mastered by CDN
3 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Our Focus : Time-shifted TV
Principles :a show broadcasted at t is available at any t + xlet’s surf the TV channelthe killer app of connected TV
A nightmare for TV broadcastersclients skip adsthe cost of servers that both ingest and delivera service that is (yet) not well mastered by CDN
3 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Objective : maximize in-network hit-ratio
Inputs (or hypothesis) :TV channel : a series of chunks (e.g. 1 min video)each CR reserves storage for time-shifted serviceCCN implemented !
Constraints on in-network caching policiesdistributed and based on local informationdeployed (but not managed) by network operatorsdealing with many small storage capacitiesnot affecting the simplicity of CCN routing
4 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Objective : maximize in-network hit-ratio
Inputs (or hypothesis) :TV channel : a series of chunks (e.g. 1 min video)each CR reserves storage for time-shifted serviceCCN implemented !
Constraints on in-network caching policiesdistributed and based on local informationdeployed (but not managed) by network operatorsdealing with many small storage capacitiesnot affecting the simplicity of CCN routing
4 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Our idea
Least Recently Used (LRU) → collaborative LRUevery CR manages one chunk every k chunkscooperation among linked CRs
CCN with LRU CCN with collaborative cache
5 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Our contributions
A distributed algorithm : assigning “labels” to CRsa NP-complete problema 3
2k −52 approximate algorithm
A set of simulations from an augmented CCNthe description of the new CCN protocolthe evaluation of performances
6 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Our contributions
A distributed algorithm : assigning “labels” to CRsa NP-complete problema 3
2k −52 approximate algorithm
A set of simulations from an augmented CCNthe description of the new CCN protocolthe evaluation of performances
6 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
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saved but colored
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saved and uncolored
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colored by node 10
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only node uncolored
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choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
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Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
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optimized
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optimized
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conflict
saved but colored
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conflict
saved and uncolored
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colored by node 10
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only node uncolored
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choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
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67
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1
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optimized
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1
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optimized
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1
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3816
conflict
saved but colored
2
1
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3816
11
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15
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conflict
saved and uncolored
2
1
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3816
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67
colored by node 10
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1
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3816
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1417
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only node uncolored
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3816
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15
10
6
1417
7
18
choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
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67
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1
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optimized2
1
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3816
optimized
2
1
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conflict
saved but colored
2
1
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3816
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15
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conflict
saved and uncolored
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1
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3816
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67
colored by node 10
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3816
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1417
7
only node uncolored
2
1
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3816
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12
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9
15
10
6
1417
7
18
choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
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67
8
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2
1
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optimized2
1
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3816
optimized
2
1
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3816
conflict
saved but colored
2
1
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3816
11
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13
9
15
7
conflict
saved and uncolored
2
1
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3816
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15
10
67
colored by node 10
2
1
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3816
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1417
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only node uncolored
2
1
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3816
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12
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9
15
10
6
1417
7
18
choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
1
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5
67
8
9
10
11
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16
17
18
2
1
4
5
optimized2
1
4
5
3816
optimized
2
1
4
5
3816
conflict
saved but colored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
7
conflict
saved and uncolored
2
1
4
5
3816
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9
15
10
67
colored by node 10
2
1
4
5
3816
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9
15
10
6
1417
7
only node uncolored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
6
1417
7
18
choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
1
2
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2
1
4
5
optimized2
1
4
5
3816
optimized
2
1
4
5
3816
conflict
saved but colored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
7
conflict
saved and uncolored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
67
colored by node 10
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
6
1417
7
only node uncolored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
6
1417
7
18
choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Initialization phase : assign labels to CR
1
2
3
4
5
67
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
2
1
4
5
optimized2
1
4
5
3816
optimized
2
1
4
5
3816
conflict
saved but colored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
7
conflict
saved and uncolored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
67
colored by node 10
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
6
1417
7
only node uncolored
2
1
4
5
3816
11
12
13
9
15
10
6
1417
7
18
choose farthest color
sorted list nearest neighbors2 1,4,53 1,8,161 2,3,168 3,11,125 1,2,411 8,12,134 2,5,716 1,3,512 8,9,1115 1,10,1110 2,6,1514 3,16,1717 5,14,1613 11,12,157 2,4,66 2,7,109 8,12,1418 4,5,17
7 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Simulation environment
ISP network configuration :rocketfuel E-bone topology with 87 CR5 servers located near Point of Presence routers130 chunks in every CRaugmented CCN protocol
Time-shifted TV streaming :200 clients and 6 channelsusage extracted from Nielsen measurements 1
1. Three Screen Report Q1, Nielsen Company, June 2010.8 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Diversity of chunks into the whole network
With k = 6, the system caches 60% more different chunks than basic LRU.
9 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
ISP Friendliness
The overall cross-domain traffic is reduced by 60%.
10 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Future Works
Improve the evaluationdeploy the augmented CCN on network platformsuse real traces of time-shifters
Toward new in-network caching policiestheoretical framework for policy analysisplay with CR : behavior and capacity
11 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
Future Works
Improve the evaluationdeploy the augmented CCN on network platformsuse real traces of time-shifters
Toward new in-network caching policiestheoretical framework for policy analysisplay with CR : behavior and capacity
11 / 11 Z. Li and G. Simon Time-shifted TV in content-centric networks
