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THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE EARTH
THE SOLAR SYSTEM AND THE EARTH
1) The Universe
All the matter and space that exists.
It includes celestial bodies like:
Galaxy:
Stars:
Planets:
Satellites:
Asteroids:
Comets:
Meteorites:
Galaxy An enormous cloud of stars and
other celestial bodies
Galaxy
An enormous cloud of stars and other celestial bodies
Has 4 shapes:1. Spherical2. Elliptical3. Spiral4. Irregular
Our Galaxy is the Milky Way. It has a spherical shape.
Stars
- A celestial body with a spherical shape
- Made of gases
1. ColorExample: The sun is a yellow-orange
star.
2. SizeExample:
large star = giant starsmall star = dwarf
star*The sun is a dwarf star!
SunMoves in two ways:
1. Rotation2. Revolution
• large spherical bodies that revolve around a star
Planets
• smaller celestial bodies that revolve around planets
• the Earth has only one natural satellite: the moon
Natural Satellites:
• bodies of rock• smaller than planets
Asteroids
• bodies of rock and ice
Comets
• Also called shooting star• Small pieces of rock from asteroids and
comets that travel through space
Meteorites
part of the Milky Way (Via Lactea) Galaxy. includes the Sun and all the celestial bodies
that revolve around it, such as:
2) Our solar system
• Planets• Natural
satellites• Asteroid
s• Comets• Meteorit
es
Inner planets: Mercury The EarthVenus Mars
•Outer planets: Jupiter SaturnUranus Neptune
Planets
3) How does the Earth move?
Rotation: The Earth rotates on an imaginary
axis. It takes 24 hours.
3) How does the Earth move?
Revolution: The Earth revolves around the Sun in
an elliptical orbit. It takes one year (365 days, 6 hours
and 9 minutes).