1.The Open Landscape of Geospatial Information Open Data, Open Source, Open Standards George Percivall OGC Chief Engineer ASPRS GeoTech 2013 9 December 2013 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium

2. The Open Landscape of Geo Information Open Sourceits about the codeOpen Dataits about the licenseOpen Standardsits about interfaces & encodingsRelated but Distinct Concepts that allow greater use of informationOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium2 3. Open Source Software Open Source Definition opensource.org/docs/osd1. Free Redistribution 2. Source Code 3. Derived Works 4. Integrity of Source Code 5. No Discrimination: Persons 6. No Discrimination: Fields 7. Distribution of License 8. License Not Product Specific 9. Not Restrict Other Software 10. License Technology-NeutralOGCOS Development OS Geo LocationTech Apache Foundation Independent activities 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium3 4. OS Geo Projects Web Mapping Desktop Applicationsdeegree geomajas GeoMoose GeoServer Mapbender MapBuilder MapFish MapGuide Open Source MapServer OpenLayers Metadata Catalogs GRASS GIS Marble QGIS Geospatial Libraries FDO GDAL/OGR GEOS GeoTools OSSIM PostGIS GeoNetworkOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium4 5. Hosted by Eclipse Foundation Community of open source projects and a trade association of companies Incubating Projects GeoMesa uDig Proposed Projects JTS Topology Suite GeoGit SpatialHadoop GeoTrellis GeoMesa Geoff GeoScriptOGC Strategic Members 5 6. Apache Software Foundation Spatial Information Systems SOLR CouchDB (Geocouch) Hadoop (SpatialHadoop, WPS-Hadoop) Open Climate WorkbenchOGC 6 7. Open Source and Open Standards SQLite Cross-platform C library that implements a self-contained, embeddable, zero-config SQL database engine Maintained by SQLite Consortium OGC GeoPackage - universal file format for geodata Built on SQLite, so works on any desktop or mobile OS Application and platform independent, Self-describing Connected / disconnected environment use The modern alternative to shapfile, GeoTIFF, SDTS and vendor specific Experience it here: http://www.ogcnetwork.net/geopackageOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium7 8. Open Data: Open Knowledge Definition A work is open if: Access at no more than a reasonable reproduction cost, preferably downloading via the Internet without charge. Free of restrictions on Redistribution Reuse through derivative works Distribution in an open data format May require attribution with redistribution Integrity: modifications use different name or version No discrimination against persons, groups, endeavorsAbove is highly paraphrased. Go see the source: http://opendefinition.org/okd/OGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium8 9. Recent US Government Executive announcements onUS Open Data and Earth Observations Open Data Policy - Managing Information as an Asset OMB Directive M-13-13 (9 May 2013) Open data is publicly available data structured in a way that enables the data to be fully discoverable and usable by end users. National Strategy For Civil Earth Observations OSTP April 2013 Establish a publicly available open data policy and a supporting data-management approach that addresses all aspects of the data life cycle, including open publishing of data, and metadata and quality-assurance management. National Plan for Civil Earth Observations to be publishedOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium9 10. GEOSS Data Sharing Principles Full and Open Exchange of Data Data and Products at Minimum Time delay and Minimum Cost Free of Charge or Cost of Reproduction 11. GEOSS Information System and GEOSS DataCOREwww.geoportal.org GEO Portal - new version released last week More than 14 million discoverable Resources More than 1.2 million are Brokered Search of >20 Community Catalogues Example search found: 1081 datasets for Land Cover GEO Secretariat 12. Open Data: a Culture of Cooperation Who will pay for public access to research data? F. Berman and V. Cerf, Policy Forum, 9 August, p. 616 Letter to Editor response by 44 persons in EarthCube Although the question of who pays for open data is important A greater challenge lies in implementing institutional and cultural changes required before data from government-sponsored research can be openly shared Science 29 November 2013: V. 342 pp. 1041-4042 NSF's EarthCube Cyber infrastructure for integrating data, tools, and models in the geosciences, illustrates challenges and benefits of community engagement and institutional alignmentOGC GEO Secretariat 13. EarthCube Stakeholder Alignment Data and PrinciplesJoel Cutcher-Gershenfeld,University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Nick Berente, University of Georgia Burcu Bolukbasi, UIUC Leslie DeChurch, Georgia Tech University Courtney Flint, Utah State University Michael Haberman, UIUC John L. King, University of Michigan Eric Knight, University of Sydney Barbara Lawrence, UCLA Ethan Masella, Brandeis Uniersity Charles Mcelroy, Case Western Reserve University Barbara Mittleman, Nodality, Inc. Support from the National Science Foundation is deeply appreciated: Mark Nolan, UIUC NSF-VOSS EAGER 0956472, Stakeholder Alignment in Socio-Technical Systems, Melanie Radik, Brandeis University NSF OCI RAPID 1229928, Stakeholder Alignment for EarthCube, Namchul Shin, Pace University NSF GEO-SciSIP-STS-OCI-INSPIRE 1249607, Enabling Transformation in the Social Sciences, Geosciences, and Cyberinfrastructure, Susan Winter, University of Maryland NSF I-CORPS 1313562 Stakeholder Alignment for Public-Private Partnerships Ilya Zaslavsky, UCSD 14. Where such standards exist, EarthCube should use formal, internationally approved, geoscience-wide data access/sharing standards and protocols (e.g. ISO, OGC). (v100 R2) Where there are not formal, international standards, please indicate your priority between, on the one hand, EarthCube encouraging development or extension of formal, internationally approved, geoscience-wide data access/sharing standards and protocols (0) versus EarthCube have its own systems of standards and protocols (1). (v101 R2) 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0Formal international standards EC encourage where no standards 15. Why Open Standards? Prevents a single, self-interested party from controlling a standard Lower systems and life cycle costs Encourage market competition Choose based on functionality desired Avoid lock in to a proprietary architecturePeople want government to be transparent, so why shouldn't the technology be? Jim Willis, Director e-Government Rhode Island Stimulates innovation beyond the standard by companies that seek to differentiate themselves.OGCSource: Open Standards, Open Source, and Open Innovation: Harnessing the Benefits of Openness, April 2006. Committee For Economic Development. www.ced.org 16. How does the OGC define Open? Freely and publicly available Unencumbered by patents and other intellectual property Non discriminatory No license fees Vendor neutralWhat OGC brings to the table iseveryone has confidence we wont take advantage of the format or change it in a way that will harm anyone Michael Weiss-Malik, Google KML product manager Data neutral Agreed to in a Consensus ProcessOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium17 17. OGC Points of Interest Standard POI Standard development Began in W3C with OGC participation OGC Standards Working Group formed to complete work Final OGC vote and adoption process Key Use Case for POI Standard Authoritative sources maintain POIs E.g. Starbucks maintains their POIs Aggregators gather POIs from authoritative sources using OGC POI Standard E.g., Google Gathers POIS from many sources POI Aggregators offer services E.g., Google offers search on PoI database openpoi.ogcnetwork.netOGC Copyright 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium 18. OGC continues to expand on openness Public mailing lists Commenting and issue management on GitHub Already in place for POI and GeoPackage SWGs Public request for comments more often Publication moving from proprietary MSWord format to PDF and HTML and ascii doc open formats OpenPOIs code is public open source on GitHub OpenPOIs as reference implementation showing capabilityOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium19 19. Advancements in Open Standards in OGC OWS-9 TestbedOGC Copyright 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium 20. Advancements in Open Standards in OGC OWS-9 TestbedOGC Copyright 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium 21. The Open Landscape of Geo Information Symbiosis of all three opens Open Source is vital development of Open Standards Open Source thrives using Open Data Access using Open Standards flourishes with Open Data Policies built on Open Standards, Open Data and Open Source OGC White Paper on Open Source and Open Standards Developed jointly by OS Geo and OGC Similarities and differences Open Standards and Open Source Ensuring Interoperability of Proprietary and Open Source Software www.opengeospatial.org/pressroom/papersOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium22 22. Interoperability is about Organizations Interoperability seems to be about the integration of information. What its really about is the coordination of organizational behavior.George Percivall gpercivall@opengeospatial.org @percivallwww.opengeospatial.orgOGC Copyright 2013, Open Geospatial Consortium 23. Additional References OWS-9 Testbed Videos Open Data by Arnulf ChristlOGC 2013 Open Geospatial Consortium24