The Consequences of Living and Breathing with Hyperconnectedness

Associate Professor Katina MichaelAssociate Dean – International

Faculty of Engineering and Information SciencesUniversity of Wollongong, Australia

katina@uow.edu.auhttp://ro.uow.edu.au/kmichael

FoCAS Summer Camp – Crete, Greece – 24 June 2014

Utopia

• Automatic ID– Who

• Location Tracking– Where

• Condition Monitoring– What

• Points of View– How

• Evidence-on-demand• Validation• Risk minimisation

• Control Applications– Security-related

• Care Applications– Wander-alerts

• Convenience Applications– Key-less access

• Efficiencies• Effectiveness• Resource optimisation

Dystopia

Different Points of View (POV)

• Vector View• Satellite View• Street View• Building View• Light-post/tree View

• What about Person View?– Sousveillance

What’s this? Anyone like to guess?

First Picture from Explorer VI Satellite

• This is the first crude picture obtained from Explorer VI Earth satellite launched August 7, 1959. It shows a sun-lighted area of the Central Pacific ocean and its cloud cover. The picture was made when the satellite was about 17,000 miles above the surface of the earth on August 14, 1959. At the time, the satellite was crossing Mexico. The signals were received at the South Point, Hawaii, tracking station.

Source: NASA http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/ABSTRACTS/GPN-2002-000200.html

To Google Earth

…

Yes…

StreetView

Person View?

Google Glass View via YouTube

Source: http://www.cnet.com/how-to/google-glass-adds-hangouts-youtube-ios-support-in-xe12/

“Sent Through Glass” Message

• “Let's start there, shall we? Before today, the only way to take a photo with a wink was by way of a third-party app. But now, Google's baked that functionality directly into the Explorer Edition of Glass, making those sly creepster shots even easier.

• Glassware's also getting a major boost with the addition of Hangouts, for those of you that want to send SMS, chats or even video calls from your head, and YouTube for simple Glass video uploads.”– Joseph Volpe, Engadget

From Satellite to Drone View to ‘Person as Sensor’ View

Original diagram Michael, Michael & Abbas, 2009; adapted with Perakslis 2013

From the AWACSAirborne Warning And Control System

DashCams

Source: CHOICE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aEJg6zW5oM8

Google Patents: Glass-on-a-Lens

Time Capsule. Courtesy of Eduardo Kac, 11 November 1997.

From the “Black Box” Flight Recorder

I Cyborg. Courtesy of Kevin Warwick, 14th of March 2002.

Uberveillance. Fifth Edition of the Macquarie Dictionary, 2009, p. 1094.

Uber Surveillance

Uberveillance“Big Brother on the inside looking out”

To the Black Box in the Car

To the Black Box in “You”

Source: http://media.theage.com.au/technology/tech-talk/human-microchips-5354618.html

NTT DOCOMO• i-mode• i-appli• i-area• i-motion• i-shot• i-channel• iD

An RFID Implantee X-Ray. Courtesy of Mr Amal Graafstra, 2007.

APPLE INC.• iTunes• iPod• iLife• iSight• iWork• iPhone• iPad

The Rise of the iPlant

The Veillances

Hayes, 2010

Water, Energy & Climate ChangeLimited Resources - Population Pressures

The Open Data Movement

• Internet of Everything• Nothing should be private• Look at the great things big data will herald• The end of starving children in Africa• The end of criminal activity by underground

networks• No more corruption, only transparency• Nowhere to hide• Sensors everywhere

The Collective Awareness Movement

• Equitable access to energy• Sharing energy toward sustainability• Smart grids, smart homes, smart meters, smart cars,

smart phones, smart people– What’s wrong with this model?

• I know who you are, where you live, what condition you are in because of the energy you draw

• If you have something your neighbour does not, why not share it? Redistribution is great!

Where Have We Come From?

Emerging Technologies

• Fingerprint, DNA• Facial recognition (e.g. Facebook)• Location- geographic/ time of day• Automatic Number Plate Recognition• Condition monitoring

– Accelerometers, temperature sensors• Gait and behavioural biometrics• Point of view technologies

– Cameras, AV recorders • Data is being stored in the Cloud

– Web-scraping techniques

Mass Surveillance vs Uberveillance

• Who? Where? When? What?

• If I know:– who you are– where you are– what condition you are in

then I can denote what you are doing• “Human activity monitoring” of all people has

consequences for human rights

ConditionLocationIdentity

Where Are We Going?

Proactive Criminalisation

• The underlying premise:– If I can use “big data” to – (a) bring islands of information together– (b) analyse both structured and unstructured data

in real-time or near-real time– then there is a good chance that certain patterns

and trends will be revealed that may help me to foil a plot to commit a crime, or even prevent a crime.

Situational Awareness is about…

• Level 1– Perception of elements in current situation– We can call this the “cognition” phase

• Level 2– Comprehension of current situation– We can call this the “comprehension” phase

• Level 3– Projection of future status– We can call this the “perception” phase

http://wearcam.org/password-66-450.htm

Steve Mann © 1995-2009

http://glogger.mobi

Human Activity Monitoring

http://m.glogger.mobi/iphone/

My Location-Based Chronicles (2009-)

http://vimeo.com/25326406

No Limits to Watching?

• Major implications for privacy + security

• The sheep mentality• Who are these #explorers?• Pareto principle

Drone View (Nov. 2012)

Drone View (Nov. 2012)

Street View (Nov. 2012)

Credit: Mahmud Hams/Getty Images

21 November 2012

Image Sensor Accelerometer

Gyroscope MagnetometerAltimeter

GPS

Where Science Fiction Meets NOW

What is the Vision?

Interdisciplinary Research and Complexity

System vs Lifeworld Rationality

Source: http://canada.iirp.edu/articles.html?articleId=632

Source: http://antaera.blogspot.com.au/2011/09/gaming-ecologies.html

Rossiter’s C-OAR-SE: Bipolar Attributes

http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1198&context=buspapers

Technology LifeCycle Curve

LESS INVASIVE HIGHLY INVASIVE

Bar Code Magnetic-Stripe Card Smart Card Biometrics Transponder Implants

AUTO-ID INDUSTRY SELECTION ENVIRONMENT: MIGRATION, INTEGRATION OR CONVERGENCE?

Rogers Diffusion of Innovation

Trajectory to the Next Curve: Lessons from the Auto-ID Industry

The Coming Age of Uberveillance• An implantable chip (an i-plant) that acts like a blackbox recorder

– Identity, location, condition, and even stores photographs– Big Brother on the inside looking out– No longer can mistakes be made in private

• In a contactless manner the i-plant is able to record and connect touch points between the individual and the world around them (dubbed person view, Internet of Everything)

• It is an all-hazards approach to security– It contains various forms of securitization

• Economic, political, social, environmental

• An attempt at omniscience but at best achieves omnipresence- the ubiquity is not fool proof– The “New Visibility” is prone to misinformation, misrepresentation,

information manipulation

The “Zoe Implant”

• IMDb writes of the The Final Cut directed by Omar Naim:– "Set in a world with memory implants, Robin

Williams plays a cutter, someone with the power of final edit over people's recorded histories. His latest assignment is one that puts him in danger.“

– The issue at hand is incredibly relevant to point of view technologies- he who has the power to delete has the ultimate power.”

The Final Cut

Disappearing People from a Scene

Conclusion

THE ELEPHANT IN THE ROOM – DO YOU CHOOSE TO SEE IT?

The Predator and the Prey• What we build will come back to bite us.

– The panacea of the Internet of Everything– The packbots with the claws and payloads– The aerial drones that will deliver books + beer– The police with the wearable technologies– The glass that will soon see through walls– The throwaway printers and mobile phones– The 3D printers which will just exacerbate

• So I ask you- what is your lifeworld again?• Who are you? Bring that person to the table each day

– Don’t leave your ethics at the door• The danger is that we exert too much control only to one day wake up and

realise the nightmare scenario that we have exerted all that effort and the one we’ve been trying to catch and contain is our very own selves