Temporal And Other DB2 10 For Z Os Highlights

Temporal Data and other

The Information Management Specialists

Temporal Data and other

DB2 10 for z/OS Highlights

Topics

• Introduction

• DB2 10 for z/OS Overview



• Temporal Data Support

• Further Reading

• Summary

Introduction

• Director and Principal Consultant at Triton Consulting

• 23 years DB2 experience, 18 as a consultant working with

customers in UK, Europe and the US


customers in UK, Europe and the US

• IBM Gold Consultant since 1999

• IBM Information Champion

• Former IDUG (International DB2 User Group) President

• Author of IBM Redbooks, white papers and more recently

“flashbooks”

Topics

• Introduction





• Further Reading

• Summary

DB2 10 for z/OS

• Extensive beta program running throughout

2009/10, with customers from all around the world


• Generally available since October 2010

• Upgrade path provided from DB2 8 or DB2 9

• Many customers are currently planning their DB2 10

upgrades, to begin in the next 12-24 months

� DB2 8 for z/OS End of Support in April 2012

Top New Features

• CPU/Performance Improvements

• Temporal Data

• Virtual Storage Enhancements

• High performance DBATs

• In-memory object support

• Optimiser enhancements

• MEMBER CLUSTER for UTS

• Backup and recovery


• High performance DBATs

• Security Extensions

• Improved Catalog Concurrency

• Access Path Management

• pureXML enhancements

• Currently Committed semantics

• Automated statistics

• Dynamic schema change enhancements

• Backup and recovery enhancements

• Enhanced audit

• Include additional index columns

• Enhanced SQL OLAP functions

• Skip Migration

• And many more….

Topics

• Introduction





• Further Reading

• Summary

Why Temporal Data?

• Most IT systems need to keep historical as well as current information

• Industry regulations and competitive pressures are


• Industry regulations and competitive pressures are prompting IT managers to maintain even more data for longer periods of time

• Most warehousing / analytics applications require a historical perspective of data

• Implementation requires lots of effort by DBA and developer to design, test and implement� Lots of “reinventing the wheel”

Why Temporal Data?

• DB2 10 provides this functionality as part of the database engine – the first major RDBMS vendor to do so

� Improve DBAs and developer productivity


� Improve DBAs and developer productivity

� Reduce errors in application code

� Reduce time-to-market for new applications

� Improve performance by driving function into the database engine

� Improve application consistency

� Support compliance / audit requirements

Temporal Data Concepts

• Temporal Table - a table that supports “data versioning” to allow point-in-time queries to be executed


executed� Multiple versions of each row are kept by DB2 as they

change over time

� Additional metadata is kept, recording the period in time when a given version of the row was valid

� Contrast to traditional non-temporal tables, where only the current version of a row is available unless developer/DBA have taken steps to support historical perspective


• Period – the time during which a given version of a row is/was valid

� Period is defined by special start timestamp and end


� Period is defined by special start timestamp and end timestamp columns in the temporal table

� Note that in current DB2 implementation start timestamp is inclusive (>=), but end timestamp is not inclusive (<)

CustNo … Start_TS End_TS

123 … 2011-05-01 11:03 2011-05-26 23:51

123 … 2011-05-26 23:51 9999-12-31 23:59

Period #1

Period #2


• Business Temporal Table – a temporal table that uses business-defined periods to record row history

� Associated with a business event such as a change of


� Associated with a business event such as a change of address

� Useful for tracking business events over time

� History is maintained in the base table

� Application has control over start and end timestamp for a given period


• System Temporal Table – a temporal table that uses DB2 system-defined periods to record row history� Associated with a DB2 system event (INSERT / UPDATE /

DELETE) against table – all changes captured


� Associated with a DB2 system event (INSERT / UPDATE / DELETE) against table – all changes captured

� DB2 automatically sets start and end timestamp for a period

� History is maintained in a separate table

� Useful for audit/compliance requirements

• Bi-Temporal Table – a temporal table that supports both business and system time periods� Two sets of start/end timestamps defined

Implementing Temporal Tables

• DBA indicates which tables need temporal support at CREATE/ALTER time� Includes special start and end timestamp columns for recording

validity period for each row


� Includes special start and end timestamp columns for recording validity period for each row

• For system temporal or bi-temporal tables� DBA also creates separate history table with identical definition

to base table

� DB2 automatically copies old version of row to history table whenever row in main table is changed via DELETE or UPDATE

• Elegant extensions to SELECT statement allow historical perspective to be seen via standard SQL

Example – Business Temporal

Business Event

Policy 102 created

(address = A3)Policy 102 updated

(address = A4)


TimeT1 T3

SELECT ADDRESSFROM TABLE1

FOR BUSINESS TIME AS OF T2WHERE POLICY=102

T2

Policy Address Start_TS End_TS

101 A2 T0 31-12-9999

102 A3 T1 31-12-9999Main Table

Policy Address Start_TS End_TS

101 A2 T0 31-12-9999

102 A3 T1 T3

102 A4 T3 31-12-9999

= A3

SELECT ADDRESSFROM TABLE1WHERE POLICY=102

= A4

Example – System TemporalSystem Event

TimeT1 T3T2

INSERT INTO EMP

VALUES (321, 20000)

UPDATE EMP

WHERE EMPNO = 321

SET SALARY = 25000


EmpNo Salary Start_TS End_TS

300 10000 T0 31-12-9999

321 20000 T1 31-12-9999

Main Table


300 10000 T0 31-12-9999

321 25000 T3 31-12-9999


321 20000 T1 T3

History TableSELECT SALARYFROM EMP

FOR SYSTEM TIME AS OF T2WHERE EMPNO = 321

= 20000

SELECT SALARYFROM EMPWHERE EMPNO = 321

= 25000

Topics

• Introduction





• Further Reading

• Summary

Further Reading

• IBM DB2 10 Home Page

� http://www-01.ibm.com/software/data/db2/zos/db2-10/

• White Paper – DB2 10: A Smarter Database for a Smarter Planet


• White Paper – DB2 10: A Smarter Database for a Smarter Planet

� https://www14.software.ibm.com/webapp/iwm/web/signup.do?source=sw-infomgt&S_PKG=wp-z-db2-smarter

� Also available as part of a “flashbook” - ISBN: 1583473610

• DB2 10 for z/OS Performance Topics Redbook (SG24-7942) coming soon

• IDUG – International DB2 User Group

� http://www.idug.org/

IDUG DB2 10 Migration Experiences Forum

• A new IDUG forum dedicated specifically to DB2 10 for z/OS migration experiences

� Regular updates and surveys on DB2 10 migration topics


� Regular updates and surveys on DB2 10 migration topics

� Share and discuss your upgrade plans and experiences with your peers and IBM and other industry experts

� Links to valuable DB2 10 technical information from IBM, IDUG and other sources

• Forum can be found at http://www.linkedin.com/groups?gid=3797589

Topics

• Introduction





• Further Reading

• Summary

Summary

• DB2 10 contains a long list of significant enhancements to improve performance, scalability and productivity

• Temporal support is an industry first, and offers some compelling advantages for new applications than need a historical data


advantages for new applications than need a historical data perspective � Improve DBAs and developer productivity

� Reduce errors in application code

� Reduce time-to-market for new applications

� Improve performance by driving function into the database engine

� Improve application consistency

� Support compliance / audit requirements

Contact us

Web – www.triton.co.uk

Email – [email protected]


Email – [email protected]

Phone - +44 870 2411 550

Technology

Temporal And Other DB2 10 For Z Os Highlights