View
122
Download
1
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
Citation preview
© ABB Inc.April 10, 2023 | Slide 1
DOE - effects of new proposal on distribution transformersABB Jefferson City, MO
2012 TECA Engineering and Operations Conference July 19, 2012
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 2
DOE distribution transformersABB Jefferson City
Speaker names: Pam Rost
Speaker title: Market Channel Manager
Company name: ABB Inc.
Location: Jefferson City, MO
© ABB Inc.April 10, 2023 | Slide 3
Contact information
If you have further questions , please contact me at:
PRESENTERS Pam Rost
COMPANY ABB Inc.
CONTACT PHONE (573) 659-6302
CONTACT E-MAIL [email protected]
© ABB Group
April 10, 2023 | Slide 4
DOE distribution transformers
2010 National Efficiency Standards
DOE 2012 Notice of Proposed Rule making February 1st
Impact to manufacturers, customers and end users
Total cost of ownership
Summary
Outline
© ABB Group April 10, 2023 | Slide 5
The 2010 National Efficiency StandardsHistorical timeline
2007 Final Rule Distribution Txfmrs (72 CFR 58190) Domestic and Imported production of Liquid & Dry
Distribution Transformers
Manufactured in or imported into the United States and its territories on or after Jan 1, 2010
60 Hz, < 34.5 kV Input & < 600 V Output
Ratings 1Φ - 10 to 833 & 3Φ - 15 to 2500 kVA
Re-builders exempt unless found circumventing standard
Inventories manufactured before start date exempt
© ABB Group April 10, 2023 | Slide 6
The 2010 National Efficiency Standards Lawsuit settlement
Petitioners - Sierra Club, Natural Resource Defense Council, Earthjustice & various states
Petition to consider certain factors when considering economic justification:
Employment impact
Value of reduced carbon dioxide emissions
Impacts on the price of energy
Settlement to dismiss petition contingent on…
1. Expedited timeline to determine whether to amend standards for Distribution Transformers
2. If amendment justified, DOE shall publish no later than Oct 1, 2012 a final rule.
3. Industry compliance no later than Jan 1, 2016
© ABB Group
April 10, 2023 | Slide 7
Notice of Proposed Rule – February 2012
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Compliance date January 1st 2016
Negotiated Rulemaking Subcommittee
NOPR February 2012
Final Rule October 1st 2012
Compliance Date January 1st 2016
NOPR comments period closed April 2012
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 8
2010 2016
Notice of Proposed Rule – February 2012 Compliance date January 1st 2016
kVA Effi ciency (%) Effi ciency (%) Delta %10 98.62 98.7 0.0815 98.76 98.82 0.0625 98.91 98.95 0.04
37.5 99.01 99.05 0.0450 99.08 99.11 0.0375 99.17 99.19 0.02
100 99.23 99.25 0.02167 99.25 99.33 0.08250 99.32 99.39 0.07333 99.36 99.43 0.07500 99.42 99.49 0.07667 99.46 99.52 0.06833 99.49 99.55 0.06
10 15 25 37.5 50 75 100 167 250 333 500 667 83397.60
97.80
98.00
98.20
98.40
98.60
98.80
99.00
99.20
99.40
99.60
Min. TP-1DOE Proposed 2016
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 9
Notice of Proposed Rule – February 2012 Single phase kVA - efficiency
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 10
2010 2016
Notice of Proposed Rule – February 2012 Compliance date January 1st 2016
kVA Effi ciency (%) Effi ciency (%) Delta %15 98.36 98.65 0.2930 98.62 98.83 0.2145 98.76 98.92 0.1675 98.91 99.03 0.12
112.5 99.01 99.11 0.1150 99.08 99.16 0.08225 99.17 99.23 0.06300 99.23 99.27 0.04500 99.25 99.35 0.1750 99.32 99.40 0.081000 99.36 99.43 0.071500 99.42 99.48 0.062000 99.46 99.51 0.052500 99.49 99.53 0.04
15 30 45 7511
2.5
150
225
300
500
75010
0015
0020
0025
0097.6097.8098.0098.2098.4098.6098.8099.0099.2099.4099.60
Min. TP-1DOE Proposed 2016
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 11
Notice of Proposed Rule – February 2012 Three phase kVA - efficiency
© ABB Group
April 10, 2023 | Slide 12
Energy Savings
1.58 quads over 30 years (2016-2045)
Eliminate the need for 2.4 GW of generating capacity by 2045
Cost Savings
Cumulative Net Present Value ranges from 2.9 billion (7% discount rate) to 12.1 billion (3% discount rate)
Environment Benefits:
CO2 emission reduction 122.1 mt
NOx emission reduction of 98.7 kt
Hg emission reduction of .819 ton
Notice of Proposed Rule – February 2012 Incremental savings
Percentage of 2007 designs that met 2010
1Φ - 47%
S3Φ < 750 kVA - 53%
L3Φ > 750 kVA – 59%
Percentage of 2011 designs that met the proposed 2016
1Φ - 44%
S3Φ < 750 kVA - 27%
L3Φ > 750 kVA – 7%
Impact to manufacturersPercent of designs meeting proposed ruling
Core steel availability of high performance steel to meet the demand
Potential capital and R&D investment if amorphous metal is required
May be forced to sole-source their core steel should amorphous metal be required
May be required to strand assets if new manufacturing processes are required
Refurbished transformers may be more attractive
Impact to manufacturersVoiced concerns
Increase in conductor cross section
Weights and dimensions increase
Transportation cost increase as less units per truck load
Average oil volume per unit increases due to wider & deeper tanks not being offset by reduction in tank height
Impact to manufacturer2016 proposed efficiency
Strong views by all
Against
Not enough
Acceptable
© ABB Inc.April 10, 2023 | Slide 16
Impact to customers and end users
Substituting amorphous steel for RGO Higher costs
Only one supplier
Size and weight increases Polemounts
Vault and networks
Cost and payback Understated cost
Overstated savings
Driving away from successful A & B method
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 17
Impact to customers and end usersConcerns
Impact to customers and end usersPrice impact
M3 Electrical core steel can be used for complete range
1P (kVA) DOE DOE Proposed 201610-75 1.00 1.07
100-167 1.00 1.10250-333 1.00 1.10
3P (kVA) DOE DOE Proposed 201675-500 1.00 1.10
750-1500 1.00 1.122000-2500 1.00 1.20
© ABB Group April 10, 2023 | Slide 19
Transformer ownership costCost capitalization formula
TOC or Capitalized Cost = Price + Cost of Losses
Price ($) = purchase price
Cost of Losses = (A x NLL) + (B x LL)
A ($/W) = Capitalized Cost of No-Load Losses
B ($/W) = Capitalized Cost of Load Losses
NLL (W) = No Load Losses
LL (W) = Load Losses
A & B Factors are unique to each purchaser of transformer even to their respective industry
© ABB Inc. April 10, 2023 | Slide 20
kVA NL (w) LL (w) NL (w) LL (w)45 158 510 137 44175 173 1013 199 683
112.5 302 1083 241 1105150 279 1782 259 1611225 347 2519 404 1927300 451 3019 495 2567500 723 4886 704 3970750 915 6755 966 53981000 1189 8541 1138 72741500 1863 10495 1599 96672000 1835 15267 1866 128772500 2735 15290 2261 15309
Transformer ownership costA & B factors are still needed
Core loss or winding loss may not be lower
2010 2016
A & B factors still drive best design for individual customers
© ABB Group April 10, 2023 | Slide 21
© ABB Group April 10, 2023 | Slide 21
Transformer ownership costWeb tools (www.abb.com/transformers)
© ABB Group
April 10, 2023 | Slide 22
Publication of final rule - October 2012
Increases in efficiency expected for effective date of 2016
Ask questions specific to your transformers, changes in costs, weights, dimensions
Review your A & B factors for the real cost of operating transformers
ABB website tools at www.abb.com/transformers
Summary
© ABB Group April 10, 2023 | Slide 23