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PV Inverter Test Solutions

For more information:Electronic Enterprises (India) Pvt LtdR Suman, [email protected]+91-40-23243352

● Broadest Programmable Power Line in the

world

● DC Power Supplies

● DC Loads

● Modular ATE supplies

● AC Power Sources

● AC Loads

● Power Bus Simulation

— Spacecraft

— Renewable Energy

— Aviation

— Transportation

● Scientific Research

● OEM Integration

● Military Programs

Modular ATEPower systems

ProgrammableAC sourcesand Loads

ProgrammableDC suppliesand Loads

Bench-topDC supplies

● Division HQ located in San Diego, California

● ～450 Employees

● ～120,000 ft2 (11,100 m2) in two buildings: — Marketing & Product Management — Power, Digital, Software & Systems Engineering — SMT & Through Hole PCBA Manufacturing, Product Sub and Final Assembly and Test and Systems Integration and Test

● ISO 9001 Compliant Quality System

CompleteEngineeredSolutions

Products &Solutions Products

Solutions


“Surround the Inverter” test system

BSS(Battery String Simulator)

MX Series AC/DC source(Utility Simulator and Regenerative unit)

Regenerative

AC/DC Power

TerraSAS(PV Simulator)

Programmable AC Load

Control Software


TerraSAS Terrestrial Solar Array Simulator

● The world-wide Leader● Application: Testing Satellites for Development & Production● Function: Simulates satellite solar panels behavior in both Static and Dynamic modes like Eclipse and Spin● Benefits: Flexible and modular from 1 channel to any channel count —Fully Integrated —Fully warranted —World-wide support

● Solar cells operate like a battery when illuminated from the sun● Combining cells into panels generates higher voltage and power very similar to batteries

PV Cell(2.3VDC)

PV Module(~60VDC @ ~250W)

PV Array(~600VDC @ 20,000W)

AMETEK Solar Array Simulation History

From Solar Cells to Installations

Solar Cell Characteristics● There is a difference in output voltage and current characteristics for a standard DC power supply and a solar panel. — A Power Supply is a “stiff” source meaning that the voltage is constant regardless of the load. — The Solar Cell is a “soft” source in that the voltage drops off as you load it● The output power characteristic for a solar panel is important because the PV inverter needs to operate at the peak power point to return the most power back to the utility grid

Solar Cell

Solar Cell

Typical DCPower Supply

Solar Panel(Full Sun)

Single Power point Multiple Power points

Solar Panel(Shadowed)

● A grid connected PV inverter must operate on the Maximum Peak Power Point (MPPT) to efficiently convert this energy● It must also pick the correct maximum power point even when the PV panel is shaded


Power Supply Comparison

TerraSAS System

● Just creating an IV curve does not assure a power supply will track a PV Inverter — Response time to load changes and MPPT algorithms are critical — Modifications must be made to the power supply’s control loops and output capacitance to provide a realistic simulation● If the power supply is too slow it will not track the IV and the inverter will not be tested properly and can become unstable.

● Available in three versions: — Micro Inverter for 300-600W, low voltage — Non-Isolated up to 600V per channel — Isolated up to 1000V per channel● Statically Simulates: — Various solar cell material curves — Different panel configurations — Multiple power points● Dynamically simulates the change in array output based upon fluctuations in light energy and temperature● Simulates test protocols and events that any solar installation will be subjected to● Working/Designing with customers to establish to provide best possible product

GoodTracking

NotTracking

Competitor’s Flat Top IV Curve

TerraSAS Smooth IV Curve

Multiple Configuration Examples

● Completely Independent Channels● Three power modules available — 1200W/ch for Micro-Inverters — 600V@15KW/ch for Isolated Inverters — 1000V@10KW/ch for non-isolated Inverters● Can be programmed independently or paralleled to provide high-power channels● Can simulate shadowed panels and moving shadows● Panel configurations at installation sites are easily created and managed independently

● Programmable irradiance levels from 0-2,000/m2 ● Programmable temperature from -100 to +100 C

● Programmable Fill Factor from 0.5 - 0.95● 1024 data points the TerraSAS generates a more accurate IV curve, with no “flat spots” in the IV curve● 120Hz MPPT Frequency

High-Performance Capability

Two 105KW channel, 600V TerraSAS system

Terra

SAS

Terra

SAS

Terre

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olar Arra

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Terre

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olar Arra

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ulator


Sandia National Lab Relationship…This fully-integrated PV simulator from AMETEK has performed well in preliminaryevaluations and has shown the flexibility necessary to exercise the variations in MPPT algorithms…

Graphical User Interface

Create Your Own Curve

Integrated Solar Panel library

Unique Dynamic Simulation

● The TerraSAS simulates irradiance level, temperature level, and simulation time to ramp the voltage, temperature or irradiance level over time● Uses any IV curve previously defined● This ability allows the unitto simulate dynamicirradiance and temperaturegoing from night to day orfrom a clear day to cloudcover

Array


Programmable Parallel and Series String Configurations

Measurement Data Logging

Isolated Output Channels

To test non-isolated inverters, isolated PV simulator is required to prevent the inverter GFI / DGFI from tripping by common mode noise.

PV -ChannelDC Power SupplySimulatingPV solar panel

PV -inverter under testNon -isolated

(transformerless)AC(in/out)

DC OutputSection

AC

AC

DC

Terra

SAS

Terra

SAS

Terre

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olar Arra

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ulator

Terre

strial S

olar Arra

y Sim

ulator


MX/RS Series

MX/RS Series

● Programmable AC, DC and AC+DC power Source● Regenerative sink option — Returns power back to the utility line● MX Series: 15KVA – 270KVA● RS Series: 90kVA – 540kVA● Harmonic Waveform Generation — Fund-50th

● Harmonic Analyzer measuring Fundamental to 50th

● Simulate utility disturbances

MX-45(45KVA)

RS-90(90KVA)

SNK(Regenerative) Option

● The –SNK or current sink option enables the MX to feed energy back onto the grid when testing grid-tied products.● The ability of the MX to simulate the grid provides unique opportunities to test the EUT for immunity to commonly occurring line anomalies like voltage and/or frequency fluctuations. ● The SNK option requires special amplifiers that have a different control loop from the standard MX amplifiers. This different control loop ensures greater stability under regenerative load conditions.

Low Voltage Ride Thru Test (LVRT)

AC and DC Programmable Power Source Bi-Directional and Regenerative!


● Anti-islanding● Utility disturbances — Phase loss — Voltage dips and interruptions — Frequency disturbances● DC injection● Harmonically enriched waveforms test inverter tracking capability● Test against Interharmonic susceptibility

Utility Simulation – MX Series

Voltage Variations

Frequency Fluctuations

● Source voltage varied from 240V – 195V. The result is that the inverter detects the low voltage and shuts down at 205V

● The inverter must disconnect itself in the event of a frequency variation that is out of tolerance. ● In this example, the inverter being tested has a default setting with a “low” trip limit of 59.3 Hz, and a high limit of 60.50 Hz.

● The Mx was programmed to start at 60 Hz, and then successively go to 59.80 - 60.20 – 59.60 – 60.40 – 60.60Hz

MX/RS Series

MX/RS Series

AC and DC Programmable

Power Source

Bi-Dire

ctional a

nd

Regenerative!

AC and DC Programmable

Power Source

Bi-Dire

ctional a

nd

Regenerative!

MX applies power

MX voltage step-down

Inverter power-up

Inverter Shut-down


Voltage Distortion Test

● Inverter behavior when the unit is subjected to significant distortion of the public supply (i.e. the immunity and emission of the inverter are both tested in this case)

LD Series

BSS


Battery String Simulator


● Programmable AC Load● 3kVA-18kVA● Operating Modes — Constant Current — Constant Voltage — Crest Factor — Power Factor — Short Circuit● Load transient generation in any mode with 1msec programming resolution● 45-440Hz

House Loads Simulation

Battery String Simulator

● Fully programmable behavior both Static and Dynamic modes● Battery behavior easily modified via spreadsheet download to simulate and battery topology including Nickel Metal Hydride, Lithium Ion, and Nickel Cadmium● Sensor simulation available to provide thermistor, strain gauges, heater loads, and cell bypass/short.


CTSCompliance Test System

New IEC/TR 61000-3-15Assessment of low frequency electromagnetic immunityand emission requirements for dispersed generation systems in Low Voltage networks

Inverter Compliance Test System

● IEC 61000-3-15 (in draft) — 2010 Emissions (harmonics and flicker) — Compliance Test for Grid- Tie Inverters — Similar to IEC 61000-3-2/3 and 3-11/12 — CTS release scheduled for Dec., 2011● Requires AC mains simulation, i.e. regenerative capability● Interharmonic susceptibility test● Country defined DC injection — CTS release scheduled for Dec., 2011● AMETEK CTS is number one in the market

Future Compliance Test Solutions

● IEC 62116-2008● IEC61000-3-15(in draft)● GS S1 - TUV● IEC 61727

● IEC TS 62578 ● IEC 62124● UL1741 ● IEEE1547● GB/T19064● GB/T19535● EN50530

CTSCTS

Compliance Te

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Compliance Te

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Technology

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