Standardization: Codifying and disseminating state of the art technology and best practices to the market

Developing standards for Bio-based products 1

Biorefinery for Food, Fuel and Materials April 10, 2013, Wageningen

Standardization: Codifying and disseminating state of the art technology and best practices to the market

Harmen WillemseConsultantNEN - Netherlands Standardization Institute

About NEN

35.000 standard users

1.400 committees

40.000 standards

€ 40 million turnover, 300 employees

280 international secretariats CEN and ISO

Private standardization

organisation since 1916 Founding member of CEN,

CENELEC, ISO and IEC

Developing standards for Bio-based products

NEN Energy resources

• Standards development in energy market:– Solid, liquid & gaseous (bio)fuels – Gas (CNG, LNG), Biogas, Biomethane– Sustainability– Oil, (petro)chemical & gas Technology – Pipeline and distrubution systems – Energy management, Asset management – Hydrogen & Fuel cell Technology– Biobased products– Smart cities, Smart grids, Electrical vehicles– Wind, Tidal and Solar power systems


Standardization

• A standard is a voluntary agreement amongst market parties

• Starting points for standards development – All parties concerned– Agreements based on consensus– Open & transparent process

• Purposes– Facilitating trade & interoperability– Self-regulation– Health, safety, environment– Image


International standardization

Standardization takes place at three levels:

– National (NEN)– European (CEN)– International (ISO)


Standardizing the Bio-based Economy

6Developing standards for Bio-based products

Characteristics Bio-based Economy

• Science based, so highly knowledge intensive• Relatively high R&D intensity, so very innovative

sector• Heterogeneous value chains: the variety in

downstream industrial applications• Competition with the bioenergy sector for biomass

resources• Most technologies in early stages of lifecycle• Need for new cooperation: chemical industry and

agriculture

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Three phases in the innovation diffusion process

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Ortt and Schoormans (2004)


Iterations of standard setting process.

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First Standardisation phase

Second Standardisation phase

Third Standardisation phase

Standards: R&D-related standards for-Definition standards-Measurement and testing -Reference models

Performance & interface standards Application-specific standardsDescriptive standards

Development-Related Standardisation (adapted from Blind, 2004, p.188)


BTWG 209 Bio-based products*

BTWG 209 Bio-based products*

CEN/TC 19 Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of

petroleum, synthetic and biological origin

CEN/TC 19 Gaseous and liquid fuels, lubricants and related products of

petroleum, synthetic and biological origin

CEN/TC 249 Plastics

CEN/TC 249 Plastics

CEN/TC 276 Surface Active

Agents

CEN/TC 276 Surface Active

Agents

CEN/TC 411 Bio-based products


Bio-based products: European Mandates for standardization

* Disbanded in August 2010Developing standards for Bio-based products

M/429

M/430 M/430 M/491 M/491 M/492

Mandates

M/492 Mandate for the development of horizontal European standards and other standardization deliverables for bio-based products

M/491 Mandate for the development of European standards and technical specifications and/or technical reports for bio-surfactants and bio-solvents in relation to bio-based product aspects


Mandates on bio-based products

CEN/BT accepted Mandates M/491 and M/492 in May 2011 and decided:

• TC 276 “Surface active agents” to work on bio-surfactants

• New TC 411 “Bio-based products” to work on horizontal standards and bio-solvents



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Develop standards for bio-based products covering horizontal aspects. This includes:•Terminology•Determination of bio-based carbon content•Determination of bio-based content•Specific sustainability criteria•Specific Life-Cycle Analysis Guidance•Bio-solvents aspects in relation to bio-based products•Specific declaration and certification tools


CEN/TC 411 Working Groups

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• WG 1 Terminology• WG 2 Bio-solvents• WG 3 Bio-based content• WG 4 Sustainability criteria, life cycle analysis and

related issues• WG 5 Certification and declaration tools


• Knowledge Based Bio-based Products' Pre-Standardization

• Project duration: 3 years• Part of EU FP7-KBBE work program

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Support to standardization for bio-based products

Project objectives

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• Faster growth of the bio-based product industry • Increased share of bio-based in the total use of final

(consumer) products and intermediates up to 2020 and beyond.

• By facilitating the development and improvement of standards and their related certification systems.

Impact of standards on BBP

• Reduce trade barriers• Promote development of a pan-European market • Improved quality and sustainability• Increased end-user satisfaction and economic

viability• Transparency about sourcing, bio-content,

(comparative) functionality• Increased public acceptance

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Project Partners

Participant Country

Netherlands Standardization Institute NL

Stichting Energy research Centre Netherlands NL

Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence at the University of York

UK

nova-Institut DE

Organic Waste Systems BE

Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek, Institute Food & Bio-based Research

NL

Agricultural University of Athens GR

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Work Packages

• WP1 - Project Management (NEN)• WP2 – Stakeholder consultation and dissemination

(nova Institute)• WP3 – Bio-based carbon content (ECN)• WP4 – Biomass content (Univ. York )• WP5 – Bottlenecks and impacts on functionality

tests (nova Inst)• WP6 – Biodegradability (OWS)

Link with standardisation

Research results

Research needs

Stakeholder Workshops

Public Balloting

Example: Determination of Bio-based carbon content

• Standardization of a method determining the bio-based carbon content of products

• Standardization of a method determining the bio-based content of products, other than bio-based carbon content

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•Development of sampling and test methodology for the determination of biogenic carbon in a wide variety of product types or streams•Assessment of improving sampling methodology in line with those for overall biomass content determination•Incorporation of the possibility to obtain a horizontal methodology•Reproducibility check of the test methodology

CEN/TC 411 WG 3: Biobased content

KBBPPS WP 3: Bio-based carbon content

Sampling and biogenic carbon determination

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KBBPPS CEN/TC 411

Description of horizontal methods

Capture in Technical Specification

Existing standards

verification of the method applicability

Definition of scope of EN standardinterlaboratory

rugedness tests for precision determination

Publication of EN standard

Example 2: biodegradability of biosolvents

• Development of standards for solvents, covering product functionality (performance), toxicity, ecotoxicity, biodegradability, safety

• If necessary, product specific and sustainability aspects not covered under another CEN/TC 411 working group.

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•Report on current relevant biodegradation and ecotoxicity standards for bio-lubricants and biosolvents.•Review of current biodegradation test methods in different environments •Existing test procedures for evaluating environmental safety. •Difficulties and gaps in the current test methods

CEN/TC 411 WG 2: Biosolvents

KBBPPS WP 6: Biodegradability

http://www.biobasedeconomy.eu/research/kbbpps/publications/

Iterations of standard setting process.

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Role of standards

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Ortt and Schoormans (2004)

Conclusions

• Moving into the second phase of its first technology lifecycle

• Only a fraction of the standards that will eventually govern the development of bio-based chemicals are already in place

• Now is a crucial time for standardisation• Basic standards which affected the rest of the

technology life cycle come into existence• Foundations for further development of bio-based

products are established

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WWW.BIOBASEDECONOMY.EU

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