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ISCRAM 2009 Conference for the Human-Computer Interaction track on Interactive Map Technologies session Abstract: Developments in information and communication technology (ICT) have adjusted the opportunities for spatial and temporal representations of data, possibly permitting the simultaneous visualization of how different regions and populations are affected during large-scale emergencies and crises. We surveyed 13 crisis-related mashups to derive some high-level design directions to guide the design and testing of next generation crisis support tools. The current web mashups offer a new way of looking at how crises are spatiotemporally ordered. However, since all technology is constrained by limitations of design choice, examining the limits and possibilities of what current design choices afford can inform attributes of what next generation crisis support tools would require.
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SOPHIA B. LIU AND LEYSIA PALEN
CONNECTIVIT LAB
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER, USA
April 19, 2009 (Talk: May 11, 2009)
ISCRAM 2009 – Gothenburg, Sweden
SPATIAL ZONES SOCIO-TEMPORAL STAGES
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Make visible and constrain perceived social ordering depending on the design choices
How information is displayed can affect social behavior and support understanding of crises
Design choices of crisis-related web mashups
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Mashups combine data or functionality from two or more sources into a single integrated application
To provide a new service, to present information in a new way, and/or to create a new user experience
Web mashups possibly challenge and/or extend space-and-time models to inform technology design 4
13 Crisis-related Web Mashups
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In the Context of ICTs
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SPATIAL ZONES SOCIO-TEMPORAL STAGES
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Disasters should more accurately be viewed as processual phenomena (Oliver-Smith, 2001)
Often considered an event rather than a processPhysical and social event/processesSocially constructed and experienced differentlyMultiple interpretations of an event/process
Spatial zones and temporal phases are not discrete but rather multidimensional (Neal, 1997)
Social time rather than objective timeMultiple perceptions from different stakeholders
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“Space of flows” (Castells, 1996)
Social interaction across multiple placesConstellation of information, people, and
artifactsNew spatial form shaped by the network society
“Timeless time” (Castells, 1996)
Transforming human time in socio-technical context
Mix of tenses: Simultaneity and TimelessnessDisplaying diverse temporalities 18
3 design directions to guide the technology design and user testing of next generation crisis support tools
1.Knowledge granularity from temporal collages
2.Learning from the past through data preservation
3.Recognizing geographical vulnerabilities19
Diverse temporalities mixing tenses (Castells, 1996)
Simultaneity of real-time updates at the macro level
Replay data backwards and forwards in time
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Potential for chaotic clutter of information
Never-ending timeline allows for projected reports
Power in visualizing the past, present, and potential futures simultaneously 21
Diverse temporalities mixing tenses (Castells, 1996)
Simultaneity of real-time updates at the macro level
Replay data backwards and forwards in time
Preserving time-sensitive information could support investigative, forensic, and heritage-preserving efforts
Past spatiotemporal data can inform future vulnerabilities in the same geographical region
Preservation of and easy accessibility to historic data
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Spatial trends provide visual indications of geographical vulnerabilities
Clustering and patterning of icons help point out known geographical vulnerabilities
Use multidimensional or dynamic icons
Designing features that externalize geographical vulnerabilities based on geological, scientific, and/or socio-behavioral data
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Current mashups offer a new way to visualize crisis-related spatiotemporal data and social organization
3 high-level design directions to guide future design and testing for next generation crisis support tools
Certain design choices afford different forms of interaction and understanding of data
Current design choices illustrate crises as processual by displaying data not typically visualized
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This research is supported by the National Science Foundation:
NSF Graduate Fellowship NSF CAREER Grant IIS-0546315
EMAIL: [email protected]
FACEBOOK: Sophia B Liu TWITTER: sophiabliu
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