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New Spain
Azteca
• The French, Portuguese, English and Dutch justified pirating from Spanish fleets by the Black Legend, that the Spanish treated the natives with the most cruelty and brutal force
• While not entirely true, as all nations treated the Indians poorly, the Spanish made allies with those who were oppressed by the Aztec
• In 1521, Cortes conquered Tinochitlan with both Spanish and Indian soldiers
• Cortes’ force was only 600 men and 13 guns, but using alliances he toppled an empire in less than 2 years
Conquistadors
• Francisco Pizarro brought only 180 men with him to Peru, to topple the Inca
• Spanish technology also included Horses and War Dogs, both new and horrifying to the natives
• As well, the Spanish used disease to overthrow, although not always intentionally dealt
• Spanish law of conquest held that a “just war” must be fought; reading in Spanish the Requerimiento, announcing all deaths are the fault of those who fight and not the monarch or soldier or conqueror