Small Cell Backhaul Performance Assurance

SMALLCELLBACKHAULPERFORMANCEASSURANCE

Frominstalltoongoingoperation&optimization

2014-2Q

Exabytes

MobileDataTraffic

2 ©2015ACCEDIANNETWORKSCompanyConfidential

SMALLCELLS● BIGIMPACT Mobileconnectionsareovertakingourpopulation &growingfaster• Smartphones: 70%ofmobile traffic1

• 1000xtrafficgrowthby20202

 QoEexpectationsincreasing:5bars:everywhere,everytime,everydevice

 Spectrumisfinite:increasingmacrocellcapacityisnotascalableoption

 80%ofmobiletrafficoriginatesindoors3

Sources:(1)NSN2013,(2)Cisco-VNI,2013,(3)HetNetForum2014,(4)Informa 2013,(5)Ibtd 2013

Exabytes

MobileDataTraffic

• Movenetworkaccessclosertothecustomer

• 62millionSCtocarry½mobiletrafficby20163,4

• 5Mtoshipin2017● 125%YoY growth5

• Sharespectrumwithin macrocellfootprinttoincrease‘premiumcoverage’density

• IntegratecarrierWiFi asalternatecarrier

SmallCells


SMALLCELLSINTHEHETNET

• Rangeofreach&capacity

• Majoritywillbeenterprise+outdoor

• Directlytiedtorevenue&retention

Source:Informa2013

Home Enterprise Urban Rural

FEMTOPICO

METRO/MICROMACRO

Power Range Users

IndoorOutdoor

GlobalServiceProviderSmallCell-DrivenRevenue


SMALLCELLS● DIVERSEBACKHAULARCHITECTURES

PROVIDERNETWORK

AAV

SCaaS

Micro/Metro MacroPico/EnterpriseFemto

RRHs

BBUsPMPRF RF

MPLS

INTERNET

L3

DOCSIS

xDSL

PTPRF

UNLICENSEDLICENSED

PON

L2

CustomerLAN

CoreSite

It’sallaboutlargedatatrafficoffload:• Upto80%canbeoff-loaded1

• Capacityincreasesof80-130%2

•EPC=inter-cellconnections• Nolonger justhub&spoke

•Varietyofmethods:• (un)licensed PTP&PMP;xDSL,DOCSIS,internet,enterpriseLAN

• Lower-costoptions required tokeepcostsincheck,butwhataboutQoS?

•Addingtothemix:• LeasedBackhaul:AlternateAccessVendors (AAVs)• SmallCellsasaService(SCaaS)

SC-GW

Sources:(1)Alcatel-Lucent 2014, (2)HuaweiFieldStudies, 2014


  Cost-critical,lowtouchrequiredvs.morehand-offs,longerbackhaul

“chain”

SMALLCELLBACKHAUL● DIMINISHINGPERFORMANCEMARGINS

Graph, SNSResearch, 2013

Exabytes

AnnualTrafficCarriedbyAccessType

SmallCellBackhaul

PerformanceMatters

The Majorityoftrafficwillbe

carriedbysmallcellsby2016

DataCenter /AppServers

INTERNET

EPCRANHub

AggregationRouter

CoreRoutersRFUE

Processing4ms

RadioInterface5ms

SC(S1)Backhaul

5ms

SCProcessing

2msRAN/MacroBackhaul2ms

MSCLAN2ms

aggregation,Ipsec, SeGW,SGW+PGW

ExternalTransport4ms

CoreTransport4ms

ServiceLAN(Gi/SGi),Firewall

DataCenters2ms

1-WayLatencyStacking=30ms

Traffic Delay DV

Sync <10 <5

Voice/Control <15 <5

StreamingMedia < 20 <10

Gaming < 37 N/A

1-Way Allowable (ms)


SMALLCELLS● DYNAMICTHREATSTOQOS  SharedInterference• multi-MSPcells,backhaul,spectrum• macro/smallcellsharedspectrum• WiFi /unlicensedinterference

Inter-cellcompetition+interference

macrosignaltonearbyUEcandrownsmallcell

transmission

•Multi-RadioSmallCells• 66%willhave3G,LTE-FDD/TDD&WiFi by20171

• backhaulutilization‘step’withintra-cellhand-off 3G:10mbps4G:35mbpsWiFi:150mbps

•IncreasedHand-offs• Ping-Pong:movingthroughsmallcells&SC- macro• excessivesignalingcandisruptQoEordropsessions

(1)Infonetics, 2013

•NetworkAccessClosertoCustomers• shearnumberofinter-communicatingcellsmeanmoresubtletrafficpatternshifts– andlessvisibility


SMALLCELLS● DYNAMICTHREATSTOQOS

EvolvingStandards

NewServicesVoLTE,UC

NewVendorFirmware

HetNetConfigChanges

•ShiftingTrafficPatterns&Capacity• Timeofday,week,year+events• ImpactofweatheronRFlinkcapacity

Real-TimeBackhaulMonitoringrequiredtomaintainQoSinahighlydynamicenvironment

  VarietyofBackhaulTechnology• Rangeofcapacities,latencies(RFvs.fiber)• PrivateLAN/internetaccessvariability

•Multi-VendorHetNetInterop• VariationinPolicy&ChangeControl(PCC)&multi-tierQoSimplementations

•DynamicConfiguration:SON• Largelyvendor-proprietary.Poortuningimpactsperformanceandstability.

•DynamicRFOptimization• Transmissionpower,gainadjustmentsforcoverage,capacity,power(sleepmode)• Antennatilt:interference&coveragecompensation


SMALLCELLS● NEWBACKHAULPERFORMANCEASSURANCECHALLENGES

DiverseBackhaulTech

HighlyDynamicHetNet

Inter-cellTraffic

LatencyStacking

DedicatedNetworkInterfaceDevice(NID)PluggableSmartSFPSWAgent $

$$$$$$

Ethernet EthernetIPY.1731PMY.1731PM

*realtimeservicesonly(1)Informa 2013

•3+ServiceDataFlow(SDF)Classes• Mustcoexist&beenforced:QCI&ARP,GBR&MBR*• Multi-vendor:end-to-endQoS‘bearer’fidelity

•AsymmetricalCapacity

•SONQoS• Performancevalidation&tuning fromDeployment toOptimization&Maintenance

DiverseQoSNeeds

  Performanceascriticalasmacrocells,  butcost,size,power,OpEx restricted• demands fewest/simplestpossible truckrolls• favorsembedded, virtualinstrumentation

  BackhaulmovestoL3withLTE(EPC)• L2monitoring can’tspanL3domains


  “Unifyingvisibilityovermulti-vendorHet-Nets”

SMALLCELLS● BACKHAULPERFORMANCEASSURANCEFUNDAMENTALS

FollowtheTopologyInter-cell&cell-to-coreconnections:passivereflectors&centralizedtestingisnotenough

•ManyMovingParts● HighlyDynamic

NoSubstituteforRealData•Activation ● Operation ● Optimization

Standards-Based Interoperable

Ubiquitous One-WayMetrics

Accurate&Precise Granular

Continuous Real-Time

Programmable Open

AssureFullLifecycle

EmploySONPrinciplesHybriddistributed/centralizedgivesscale.Centralizationrequired forSDN,policies,etc.


“Toolsandmethodologies forautomatingprovisioningarebecomingmoreandmorecriticalasthevolumeofsmallcellsdeployments increase.Solutions willallowforefficientdeployment withlessmanualintervention.”DavidOrloff,DirectorofSmallCells, AT&T

  “Standards-Based,ProgrammableTurn-UpTestingforRapidDeployment”

SMALLCELLS● SERVICEACTIVATIONTESTING(SAT)

• Multi-stream Y.1564&RFC-2544,Layers2&3• EverySite:low-costpluggabletestmodules• EveryPath: Inter-Cell,Core-to-Cell,Multi-Segment,Multi-Site

• 1-Way orroundtrip• Distributed,scalabletrafficgeneration

• Workflow-Automation:SmallCellDiscovered:SATTestSequenceExecuted

• CentralizedControl:ImmediateorScheduled,SingleSiteorBatch

• Real-Time results&baselinereports:OpenAPI/NBI

Elements

Modules

Actuators

AAV

SCaaS

INTERNET

RRHs

BBUs

CustomerLAN

MSC

SC-GW

TestResults


SMALLCELLS● BACKHAULPERFORMANCEMONITORING

MSC

 ITU-TY.1731(L2)&TWAMPRFC5357(L3)• NGMNAlliance-recommended forinteroperability• KPIs:delay,delay-var,packetloss, availability

 +Utilization• forQoS,optimization,planning• Port&SDFutilizationneeded

+DerivedStats• percentiles,mean,min/max• MOS,RforVoLTE• forestvs.trees1

(1)Withsomanyend-points,flows, segments&KPIs,floods ofalarmscanoccur. Percentilesfilteroutliers,e.g.delay<8ms99%ofthetime.

IPsec,signaling&protocoloverhead ~30%

ServiceDataFlows

Ethernet EthernetIP Y.1731PMY.1731PM

TWAMP

PMActuator

Modules PASWAgent

Standards-Compliant NEs

TWAMP/OAMReflectors:

Network State+REAL-TIMEDATABASE


SMALLCELLBACKHAUL● DYNAMICPERFORMANCEOPTIMIZATION(DPO)

•BackhaulBandwidthisPrecious• SONoptimizesRFandperformancebetweencells• Backhaulalsobenefitsfromdynamicperformanceoptimization• Pushingdatadown-linkwithoutNetworkStateknowledgemeansloss,retransmission,poorQoS• DPOeliminatesRF-linkloss&congestion• Retransmitsmovedoutofbackhaultohead-end

Real-TimePer-FlowPM

Standards-Based

RFLinkCapacityAwareness

DynamicH-QoSTieredShaping

DPOController

SkyLIGHT™PerformancePlatform

Network State+

Head-EndRouterwithH-QoS

AggregationSwitch-Router

FadingLinks

Flowsonfadedlinksshapedat

head-endtomatchdown-linkcapacity

RecoverUpto30%Capacity

LosslessBackhaul

Nano,antModule&StandardOAM/TWAMPreflectorsusedtomeasurePM&link-capacity

PMActuator


SMALLCELLSBACKHAUL● FUTUREPERFORMANCE

LTE-A,LTE-FDD/TDD,VoLTE:tighter specs5Gabout5yearsawayMigrationtoCloudRAN• NFVIwillalsoneedtobemonitored

NFVwillsupplementmodules’capabilities

Accedian solutionscanscaleto5G


PERFORMANCEASSUREDSMALLCELLBACKHAUL● CONCLUSIONS

62MSmallCellswillcarrythemajorityoftrafficin2years

•Backhaulperformancemustbetighterthanwithmacro

•HetNets arehighlydynamic● Backhaultechisdiversifying

•Visibilitydecreasingasnetworksmoveclosertocustomers

MoreHand-Offs

LongerBackhaulChains

Standards-Based

Interoperable

Ubiquitous One-Way

Accurate&Precise Granular

Continuous

Real-Time Programmable

Open

•Activation● Operation● Optimization

BackhaulPerformanceAssuranceneedstobeasflexibleasHetNets themselves


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