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In this session, Chris Haddad will describe where your Cloud application strategy may encounter challenges, when to migrate applications to the Cloud, and how to scale cloud strategy and cloud tactics across the organization.
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Scale Cloud Across the Enterprise
Chris Haddad
Vice President, Technology Evangelism
Follow me on Twitter @cobiacomm
Read architecture guidance at http://blog.cobia.net/cobiacomm
Skate towards the puck
Business Value
Best Practice Adoption
Process Repeatability
Fast time to value
3
Cloud Business Value For Development Teams
• Lower development barriers
• Lower adoption barriers
Best Practice Adoption and Process Repeatability
• Cost-effective, development, collaboration, and
deployment infrastructure enabling a long tail of
application development
• A shared environment for cross-organization
application development and delivery
• Infrastructure enabling user experience composition
across multiple disparate application providers
Fast Time to Value – Increase Agility
• Rapidly adapt and fulfill new market demand
• Reduce time to introduce new services,
applications, and products into long tail market(s)
04/11/2023 6
Enterprise Architecture Business Model Challenges
• Unable to cost-effectively support long tail of
application delivery
• Lack of metrics and baseline measurements
• Limited ability to influence adoption
• High friction and interaction cost when building
cross-team business processes
• Inability to capitalize on business opportunities
due to long IT solution lead times
Cloud Business Value Blockers
• Silo owners
• Adoption curve
• Trust barrier
• Unknown baseline
• Funding model
Source: http://blog.industryweapon.com/2010/01/beware-of-the-business-blocker/
8
To succeed and scale Cloud – Build a Digital Ecosystem Platform
Digital Ecosystem
Your Core Business Capability
3rd Party Partners
DevOps Forge and
Governance
Cloud Deployment App Store
Personalized SaaS Solution
Your Digital Business
Ecosystem
04/11/2023 9
New Enterprise Architecture Approach
• Self-organization
• Crowdsourcing – source apps and capabilities from crowd
• Dynamic distribution channels and fluid connections
• Adaptation and evolution
• Local autonomy leading to unforeseen ecosystem partner extensions
• Spontaneous selection and aggregation across services and solutions
• Low interaction cost
• Frictionless information flow
• Enables cost effectively serving a smaller, niche audience
Recommendations from the Coach
Business Value
Best Practice Adoption
Process Repeatability
Fast time to value
11
Cloud Business Value For Development Teams• Lower development barriers
• Provide on-demand Application Development project infrastructure and run-time environments
• Catalogue of re-usable open APIs, cloud services, and domain frameworks
• Lower adoption barriers • On-demand web application and Cloud API subscriptions
via a self-service provisioning portal• Establish searchable registry of app, service, api, and
data descriptors• Reliable, available, and scalable solutions
Best Practice Adoption and Process Repeatability
• Cost-effective, development, collaboration, and deployment infrastructure enabling a long tail of application development• Architecture templates and application platform services
• A shared environment for cross-organization application development and delivery• Governed, iterative lifecycle management across hybrid
clouds and composite applications
• IT Business performance metrics and analytics
• Infrastructure enabling user experience composition across multiple disparate application providers
Fast Time to Value with On-demand Contextual Personalization
• Increase agility
• Rapidly adapt and fulfill new market demand
• Reduce time to introduce new services, applications, and products into long tail market(s)
• On-demand Contextual Personalization
• Information access and social network access privileges• Information aggregation and composition• Business processes and rules• Service levels, Quality of Service, and monetization rates• Security policies
Fast path to goals!
Cloud DevOps Factory
Platform as a Service
API Management
Business Activity Dashboards
Embrace DevOps Processes
• Self-service configuration
• Automated provisioning
• Continuous build
• Continuous integration
• Continuous delivery
• Automated release management
• Incremental testing
04/11/2023 16
Command Line Compilers and Linkers
Integrated Development Environments (IDE)
Application Lifecycle Management (ALM)
Development Forges
Cloud
Factories
Time
Scale best practices with Cloud Factories
2012+
What is a Cloud Factory?
A Cloud-based, automated, DevOps approach to agile application design, development, delivery, and visibility
• Simplifies the developer experience
• On-demand self service and Cloud provisioning
• Continuous build, continuous integration, continuous test, and
continuous delivery
• Governed, iterative lifecycle management across hybrid
clouds and composite applications
• Architecture templates and application platform services
• IT Business performance metrics and analytics
• Builds a Digital Business Ecosystem
• Enable a long tail of application development
• Fosters cross-organization development collaboration
04/11/2023 18
Open Source DevOps, Agile, and Cloud Tooling
Project and Team
Management Software development
workflow
Governance and
Compliance
Development Dashboards
Develop Code
Issue Tracking
Source Control
Continuous Build
Continuous Integration
Test Automation
Continuous Deployment
• Resource monitoring• Resource management
• Performance management
• Traffic orchestration
• Metering• Reporting• Billing
• Service catalogue• Service tiers
• Demand and capacity management
• Lifecycle management• Infrastructure Authority
integration
• Self service configuration
• Automated provisioning• Policy configuration• Process automation
Dev Ops Tooling
Automated Governanc
e
Service Level Management
Consumption based Funding
Platform as a Service Capabilities
Cloud-aware Reference Architecture
Cloud Platform
Cloud Management
PaaS Manager
Cloud Governance
Identity Management
Asset Repositories and Registries(tenant code,
service endpoints, meta-data, configuration, policies)
Infrastructure as a Service (AWS, Eucalyptus,
OpenStack, CloudStack)
Platform as a Service Run-time Framework (i.e. WSO2 Stratos, Cloud Foundry, RedHat OpenShift)
Service-aware, tenant-aware
Elastic Load Balancer
Stratos Controller
Asset/Code Deployer
Asset/Code Synchronizer
Metering and Billing
Cloud Native Container(s)
Application Platform Services (web server,
database, ESB)
Tenant 1
Tenant (n)
Platform as a Service Reference Architecture
Carbon ESB
Cartridge
Carbon App ServerCartridge
Stratos Controller
MessageService
LoggingService
SecurityService
RegistryService
RelationalData
Service
Elastic Load
Balancer
Cloud Controller/Autoscaler
Artefact DistributionController
DeploymentSynchroniser
ManagementConsole
ColumnStorageService
FileStorageService
Task Mgmt
Service
BillingService
Other Carbon
Cartridges
PHPCartridge
Any PluggableCartridge
Infrastructure Cloud (EC2, vmWare, Rackspace, OpenStack, Eucalyptus, etc)
Load Monitor
IaaS
PaaS
Fou
nd
ati
on
aPa
aS
iPaaS
Cloud API promotion, exploration, subscription, and collaboration
On-demand self-service access to approved Cloud Services and APIs
Explore Cloud Services and APIs
Business Activity Dashboards
TODO
Business Activity Monitoring
Cloud Strategy Goals
1. Decrease solution provisioning time
2. Right-size infrastructure, improve resiliency, and enhance Quality of Service (QoS)
3. Accelerate software development iterations
4. Share across multiple users and groups
5. Integrate and bridge heterogeneous Cloud environments
6. Optimize Cloud footprint and lower application cost
Cloud Characteristic Roadmap
Cloud
On-demand
Self-service
Multi-tenancy
Service Catalogue
Elastic Scalability
Provisioning
Activity Monitoring
Resource Pooling
Usage Policies
Federation
Consumption based Funding
Portfolio Models
Metering and Billing
29
7 +/- 2 Objectives
1. Engage stakeholders in a collaborative development workspace
2. Promote best practice workflow, architecture, and governance practices
3. Deploy applications into a Cloud run-time environment
4. On-demand application subscriptions via a self-service provisioning portal
5. Share applications across multiple tenants (e.g. departments, workgroups, employees, partners)
6. Scale run-time to meet usage
7. Deploy Open APIs
8. Encourage API adoption via API Store
9. Track business activity and analyze Cloud service usage, performance, and cost
ResourceTier
Sharing Business Capabilities at Scale
Functional Role
Client Tier
Integration Services
Integration ServicesResourceServices
Functional Role
Presentation and Mashups
Functional RoleFunctional
code
Presentation RolePresentation
and MashupsPresentation and Mashups
ResourceServices
Private Applications
Public Cloud Services
Business ProcesBusiness
ProcessBusiness ProcessBusiness Process and
Business Rules
Scaling through API composition
Mobile Application
Application Portfolio
Hybrid Platform Services
Presentation Services
Resources Services
Functional Services
Business Process and
Rules Services
Integration Services
Composite Application
Business Service Portfolio
Integration Services
Cloud API Endpoint
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
SaaS Application
Web applicationEndpoint
Scaling across Regions and ZonesMultiple IaaS (hybrid) Deployment
Availability
Cost
LOWEST
HIGHEST
32
Private cloud (data center)
Zone 1
Zone 2
Amazon EC2
Zone 1
Zone 2
Rackspace Cloud
Zone 1
Zone 2
33
Cloud Scale = High Availabilityat a cost
Sin
gle
No
de
Pri
ma
ry-S
eco
nd
ary,
sin
gle
LB
Mu
lti-n
ode
act
ive
cl
ust
er
- S
ing
le z
on
e Mul
ti-re
gion
Pri
ma
ry-S
eco
nd
ary,
with
mu
ltip
le L
Bs
Mu
lti-z
one
Mu
lti-I
aaS
Scaling Best Practices
New-Normal Cloud architecture practices
• Distributed and federated interactions
• Event based, heterogeneous systems, network latency
• Configurable containers and engines
• Declarative data, rules, and process definitions
• De-normalized and simplified data models
• Hadoop/BigTable, Hypertext media, simple NoSQL entities
• Expect failure
• Systems span transactional control
• Applications decomposed into distinct services
• Federated environment drives autonomy, statelessness, and composition
Mission-critical Cloud requires new architecture components
Availability Scalability Management
State replication Tenant partitioningPrivate jet mode
Management nodes
Session replication Ghost deployment Logging infrastructure
Multiple load balancers withkeepalived or DNS RR
BAM 2.0 architecture Deployment synchronization
Auto-scaling
Elastic Load Balancer
Tenant-awareness impacts Cloud Scaling
Tenant Scaling Method Impacts Value Proposition
Single Application Tenant per
Dedicated Application Server Container
Container 1
Tenant 1
Container 2
Tenant 2
Container 3
Tenant 3
Container 4
Tenant 4
Multiple Application Tenants per Shared Application Platform
Service Container
Container 1
Tenant 1
Tenant 2
Tenant 3
Tenant 4
Container 2
Tenant 5
Tenant 6
Tenant 7
Tenant 8
Container 3
Tenant 9
Tenant 10
Tenant 11
Tenant 12
Container 4
Tenant 13
Tenant 14
Tenant 15
Tenant 16
Cloud Topology and Value
Tenant Context
Container
Tenant Partition
Application Solution Tenant Traffic
Tenant-1
AS-1
Tenant-1
ESB-1
Tenant-1
Tenant-2
AS-2
Tenant-2
ESB-2
Tenant-2
Tenant-3
ESB-3
Tenant-3
Five (5) Container Instances, Three Tenants
Cloud Topology and Value
Tenant Context
Container
Service Partition
Application Solution Tenant Traffic
ESB
ESB-1
Tenant-1 Tenant-3
ESB-2
Tenant-2
Web Application
AS-1
Tenant-1 Tenant-2
Three (3) Container Instances, Three Tenants
Scaling a Cloud Business
Measuring Revenue versus Cost
Source: http://giffconstable.com/2009/11/freemium-business-model-template/
Scale Strategy and Tactics
• Gain Credibility
• Demonstrate improved resiliency and QoS
• Converge teams
• Offer standard shared application platform services
• Establish and promote the service catalogue
• Be inclusive
• Support multiple development languages, environments, and use cases
• Lower barriers to entry (e.g. financial, tooling, skills)
42
7 +/- 2 Objectives
1. Engage stakeholders in a collaborative development workspace
2. Promote best practice workflow, architecture, and governance practices
3. Deploy applications into a Cloud run-time environment
4. On-demand application subscriptions via a self-service provisioning portal
5. Share applications across multiple tenants (e.g. departments, workgroups, employees, partners)
6. Scale run-time to meet usage
7. Deploy Open APIs
8. Encourage API adoption via API Store
9. Track business activity and analyze Cloud service usage, performance, and cost
Questions?
43
http://www.flickr.com/photos/oberazzi/
Measuring Value
• Time
• Cost
• Resources
Key Metrics
FoundationTime to create new application environment
Time to redeploy application
• OptimizeMinimum and maximum scale
Scale frequency (i.e. time to scale up/down)
• TransformationTime and effort required integrating business process, event
processor – creating a complex app.
Time and effort required to apply policy across tenant(s)
Cost to operate application per user or transaction
What is your value baseline?
Quick Start Use Cases
1. DevOps Tooling and On-demand self-service
2. Automated Governance
3. Service level management and elastic scale
4. Consumption based pricing and billing
Quick Start Use Cases
DevOps Tooling and On-demand self-service
• Use Cases
• Rapidly provision application environment
• Rapidly provision application tenant
• Allocate, provision, monitor, manage, and administer resources across multiple tenants, nodes, and locations
• Develop complex, composite integrated applications
• Key metrics
• Time to create new application environment
• Time to redeploy application
Quick Start Use Cases
Automated Governance
• Use Cases
• Create users and configure rights
• Deploy on preferred topology that meets deterministic performance requirements (e.g., replication, utilization, latency, bandwidth, and coherency)
• Create service throttling and security governance (XACML) policies
• Key Metrics
• Time and effort required integrating business process, event processor – creating a complex app.
• Time and effort required to apply policy across tenant(s)
Quick Start Use Cases
Service level management and elastic scale
• Use cases
• Ensure application satisfies consumer demand while maximizing resource utilization• Scale workload processing and increase performance while
minimizing infrastructure spend
• Load test application service
• Demonstrate multi-tenant web application
• Key Metrics
• Minimum and maximum scale
• Scale frequency (i.e. time to scale up/down)
Quick Start Use Cases
Consumption based pricing and billing
• Use cases
• View service logs
• View bill by business value
• Key Metric
• Cost to operate application per user or transaction