Salicaceae

Salicaceae (willow family)

http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/syllabus2/factsheet.cfm?ID=898

• narrowleaf cottonwood Salicaceae Populus

angustifolia

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, lanceolate to narrowly ovate (willow-like), 2 to 5 inches long, finely serrated, often with a very short petiole that is partially flattened, shiny green above, paler and often blotchy orange below. Flower: Dioecious; male and female as hanging, long (several inches), pale yellow-green catkins, appearing in early spring before the leaves. Fruit: Small (1/4 inch), 2-valved, dry capsule on a hanging catkin, each capsule contains numerous small, cottony seeds. Twig: Slender to moderately stout, round, shiny yellow-brown, orange lenticels, buds are yellow-green and brown, long (1 inch), curved, resinous and fragrant. Twig has a bitter aspirin taste. Bark: Smooth light gray with many lenticels when young, later becoming darker with long deep furrows and broad ridges, often very thick and rough. Form: Medium sized tree up to 60 feet with a narrow crown.

• 340W• Angiosperm




http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/data_results_with_common.cfm?family=Salicaceae

http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/data_results_with_common.cfm?genus=Populus

http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID

=401 • balsam poplar Salicaceae Populus balsamifera ssp. balsamifera

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, ovate, finely serrated, 3 to 6 inches long, shiny dark green, paler and often blotchy orange below, petiole long with glands at the leaf base. Flower: Dioecious; male and female as hanging, long (several inches), pale yellow-green catkins; appearing in early spring. Fruit: Small, 2-valved, dry capsule containing numerous small seeds. Twig: Moderately stout, round, shiny reddish brown, orange lenticels, buds are reddish brown to brown, long (1 inch), curved, resinous and fragrant. Twig has a bitter aspirin taste. Bark: Greenish gray with lighter lenticels when young, later becoming darker and furrowed with long, scaly ridges. Form: Medium sized tree reaching up to 80 feet tall, narrow, pyramidal crown.

• 321E 341W• Angiosperm

http://dendro.cnre.vt.edu/dendrology/syllabus/factsheet.cfm?ID=401







=64 • eastern cottonwood Salicaceae Populus deltoides

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, triangular (deltoid) in shape with a crenate/serrate margin. The petiole is flattened and glands are present at the top of the petiole. Flower: Dioecious; male and female as pendulous catkins, appearing before the leaves. Fruit: Cottony seeds, 1/4 inch long borne in a dehiscent capsule, maturing over summer. Twig: Stout, somewhat angled and yellowish; buds are 3/4 inch long, covered with several brown, resinous scales. Has a bitter aspirin taste. Bark: Smooth, gray to yellow-green when young. Later turning gray with thick ridges and deep furrows. Form: A large tree with a clear bole and an open spreading crown resulting in a somewhat vase-shaped form.

• 322E• Angiosperm








• Fremont cottonwood Salicaceae

Populus fremontii • Leaf: Alternate, simple, broadly cordate to triangular, coarsely crenate, 2 to

4 inches long, petiole flattened, shiny green above, sometimes pubescent beneath. Flower: Dioecious; males and females as hanging catkins, 2 to 4 inches long, yellow-green, appearing in early spring before the leaves. Fruit: Light brown, small egg-shaped capsules, splits (3 parts) to disseminate numerous, small cottony seeds. Twig: Moderate to stout, gray-brown to yellow-brown, swollen at leaf scars; large green-brown pointed bud, not sticky; twig has a bitter aspirin taste. Bark: Light gray-brown, becoming deeply furrowed with flat-topped ridges. Form: Reaches up to 60 feet in height with a broad, flat-topped crown, with a trunk up to 2 to 3 feet in diameter.








=65 • Bigtooth (largetooth) aspen Salicaceae Populus grandidentata

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, orbicular to ovate, 3 to 4 inches long, pinnately veined, large blunt teeth, petiole flattened vetically, green above and paler below. Flower: Dioecious; males and females occur on hanging, 2 to 3 inch long fuzzy catkins, appearing before the leaves in early spring. Fruit: Cottony seeds, 1/4 inch long, borne in small dehiscent capsules that occur along catkins, maturing late spring to early summer. Twig: Medium-textured, gray-brown in color; buds are ovate, pointed, red-brown to gray with some pubescence; leaf scars raised and heart-shaped. When chewed, the twig has a bitter, aspirin taste. Bark: Thin, gray, olive-green to milky green and smooth on young stems; later gray-brown, ridged with diamond shaped lenticels and splits forming. Form: A medium sized tree with an irregular, thin crown and a straight bole.

• 323E• Angiosperm








=160 • quaking aspen Salicaceae Populus tremuloides

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, 1 to 3 inches long, green above and paler below, heart-shaped to nearly round with a fine toothed margin, petiole is flattened. Flower: Dioecious; male and female hanging catkins 1 to 3 inches long. Fruit: Catkin (2 to 4 inches long), with attached light green capsules which contain many small hairy seeds. Twig: Slender, glabrous, reddish brown often with a gray, waxy film; buds conical, reddish brown, terminal bud 1/4 inch long, may be slightly resinous. Bark: At first smooth, creamy yellowish-white to very light green; later developing thick furrows and becoming dark, especially near the base. Form: Small (30 to 40 feet tall) upright tree, which often occurs in thickets.









=235 •black cottonwood Salicaceae Populus balsamifera ssp. Trichocarpa

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, deciduous; variable in size and shape on same tree, commonly 3 to 6 inches long, but can be much larger; ovate-lanceolate to deltoid, dark green above and silvery white below with rusty smears of resin, margins wavy to crenate; petiole long, and most often round but may be flattened. Flower: Dioecious; borne in long, drooping aments that appear before the leaves. Fruit: Rounded, 3-valved capsules (1/4 to 1/2 inch in diameter) which open to release many cottony-tufted seeds; seeds are very tiny and black. Twig: Moderately stout, greenish brown to olive-gray, often ribbed or angled in cross section when young, covered with distinct lenticles, spur shoots are common on older branches; buds are long (1/2 to 3/4 inch) and sharp-pointed, resinous and aromatic, covered with imbricate scales. Twig has a bitter aspirin taste. Bark: When young it is smooth and yellowish tan to gray; later gray to gray-brown and broken into deep furrows and flattened ridges, up to 2 1/2 inches thick. Form: The tallest broad-leaved tree in the West, growing to 200 feet tall and 6 feet in diameter. Has a broad, open crown.









• Bebb's willow Salicaceae Salix bebbiana

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, elliptical to obovate, 2 to 4 inches long, margins entire or with a few shallow scattered teeth, dull dark green to gray-green above, white, hairy and distinctly net-veined beneath. Flower: Dioecious; 1 to 2 inches long, fuzzy catkins, yellowish white, appearing in spring with the leaves. Fruit: Small (1/4 inch), long-pointed, hairy capsules in oblong clusters; each capsule contains numerous small fuzzy seeds. Twig: Slender, greenish brown to reddish brown, gray fuzz when young; gray pointed buds are appressed and have a single cap-like scale; numerous widely forking twigs. Bark: Shiny gray-green when young with numerous reddish lenticles; later becoming quite rough and furrowed; diamond shaped patterns due to fungus often develop on the trunk. Form: A large, densely branched shrub to 10 feet, occasionally grows as a small, multi-stemmed tree.







• black willow Salicaceae Salix nigra

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, lanceolate in shape, 3 to 6 inches long, with a finely serrate margin. Leaves are dark and shiny above, light green below. Flower: Dioecious; flowers are tiny, green, borne on catkins, 1 to 3 inches long, early summer. Fruit: Cone-shaped capsules that contain many small, cottony seeds, borne on catkins; capsules split at maturity, mid summer. Twig: Slender, orange-brown in color, with a bitter aspirin taste; buds are small and appressed, covered by one bud scale, the terminal bud absent; stipules/scars are obvious. Bark: Brown to gray-black, with thick, somewhat scaly ridges and deep furrows. Form: A small to medium sized tree that can develop a massive trunk with a spreading, irregular crown. Black willows are often affected by crown gall, and witches brooms and trunk sprouting are common.



• Scouler willow Salicaceae Salix scouleriana

• Leaf: Alternate, simple, distinctly obovate, 3 to 5 inches long, margins usually entire but may have a few wavy teeth, edges rolled under, often arranged in a fan-like fashion at the ends of twigs, dark green above, paler and maybe reddish hairy below. Flower: Dioecious; 1 to 2 inches long, fuzzy catkins, yellowish white, appearing in spring with the leaves. Fruit: Small (1/4 inch), long-pointed, hairy capsules in oblong clusters; each capsule contains numerous small fuzzy seeds. Twig: Slender, yellowish brown to red, may have some fuzz; red buds are large and pointed, with a single cap-like scale.Bark: Gray to gray-brown, smooth with diamond shaped lenticels when young, later becoming shallowly fissured and scaly. Form: Large shrub but often a small tree with a single, upright trunk and round crown, reaching 25 feet.


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Salicaceae