Romain lacombe open policy making - london 06-14

Open Policymaking in France

2011 – 2014: Perspectives on 3 Years of

Data-Driven Policies

Romain Lacombe Former Head of InnovationFrench Prime Minister’s Taskforce Etalab for Open Government Data (data.gouv.fr)London – June 20th, 2014

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April 24, 2014

France joins the Open Government Partnership

(OGP Logo)

Source: OGP

…with a bit of help from Great Britain!

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Following up on the joint declaration between the President of the French Republic and the President of

Mexico on April 11, 2014, the Minister for State Reform formally

announced our intention to join the Partnership

on April 24, 2014 during the inaugural Paris Conference on Open Data & Open Government.

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What does this mean?Why does it matter?

How did we get there?

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France joins a group of 64 countries committed to working together with civil society to make ‘their governments more open,

accountable and responsive to citizens.’

Source: OGP

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What does this mean?

Why does it matter?How did we get there?

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Because Open Data matters!

France joining the OGP will help us bring our Open Data policy and its benefits to citizens even further along.

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New expression of democratic principles

Transparency – Openness – Innovation

Source: CC-BY-SA Romain Lacombe

Transparency: holding governments to account

Openness: making governments more effective

Innovation: empowering innovators worldwide

Meeting deep & rising expectations

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transparencyaccountabilityempowerment

Source: Google Ngram Viewer

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ExamplesA few notable cases of applications built by French

innovators on top of open government data

Perspective on collective choicesData visualization of the national budget by LeMonde.fr

11Source: LeMonde.fr

Informing individual choicesData-driven electoral program comparison platform Voxe.org

12Source: Voxe.org

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Anchoring public debate to factsPolitical discourse fact-checking platform Véritomètre by OWNI.fr

Source: OWNI.fr

Modernizing public communication Interactive presentation of French cultural policy by UserStudio

Source: User Studio

Regulation through choice & transparency

Healthcare quality map ScopeSanté by Dataveyes

Source: Dataveyes

Toward predictive public services?Public transit traffic prediction app Tranquilien by :SNIPS

Source: :SNIPS

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What does this mean?Why does it matter?

How did we get there?

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Open policymaking!France’s Open Data initiative builds upon a (slowly evolving)

tradition of open policymaking and public consultation enhanced by data-driven policy strategies, dating back to

the principles of 1789.

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The principles of 1789

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1789

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August 26, 1789

Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

Article 15: ‘Society has the right to hold any public agent accountable of its administration.’

Source: Cour des Comptes

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1978

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July, 1978

Right to Access Information‘Administrative secret’ abolished by law:

Citizens can access all public information contained in administrative documents

Strictly defined confidentiality exceptions: privacy, trade secrets, national security, etc.

An independent authority is created as a recourse for citizens to appeal the administration’s response.

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1997

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1997

Access to legal informationLegifrance.gouv.fr gives citizens comprehensive access to law

Source: Legifrance

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2003

2003

Right to Reuse Information

Public Sector Information (‘PSI’) EU Directive asks member states to pass laws that

allow public data reuse:

Access to documents:

Analog

Synthetic

Static

vs. Data reuse:

Digital

Granular

Dynamic

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2010

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2010

Open Data on the agendaCivil society and researchers petition government:

Source: Documentation française

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2010

Open Data policy announced

July 2010: The President of the French Republic announces an open data policy as part of the government modernization review committee.

November 2010: the creation of a governmental taskforce is announced by the Council of Ministers.

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Building Etalab: a startup inside government

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2011

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February 21, 2011

Taskforce Etalab

Created under the Prime Minister’s authority with a mandate to coordinate the release of public data

by governmental departments.

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May 26, 2011

Executive order on Open Data

Formalizes France’s open data strategy and its objectives

Commitment to free access to and free reuse of public data as exhaustively as possible

In machine-readable formats with emphasis on open standards

Based on the first discussions and open workshops with civil society held in the Spring of 2011

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October 18, 2011

Open Licence released

‘Licence Ouverte / Open Licence’:

Clarifying re-users rights and responsibilities

Committing public sector bodies to publish data openly and exhaustively

Applies to all public data at national level

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December 5, 2011

Launch of Data.gouv.fr

Core datasets:

National budget and detailed annexes

Fiscal policy

Education

Environment

Road safety

Crime data

Healthcare infrastructure, …

Source: Etalab

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2012

Engaging with civil societyBuilding demand for data

Hosting and participating in hackathons and collaborative coding & designing events

On a variety of themes with data to supports innovation

Outside of government… and inside! :)


Empowering data innovatorsConnecting innovators to partners, talent & resources

A community and series of contests accelerating access to resources for data-driven startups:

Source: Etalab

Catalyzing a data ecosystem in France4 DataConnexions contests & 32 startup laureates, including:

Source: Etalab

Open Data as a governance strategy

October 31st, 2012

Etalab joins the new Secretariat General for

Public Sector Modernization:

Open Data is one of the pillars of the new government reform policy

Taskforce Etalab benefits from closer collaboration with the Government’s CIO

Quarterly ministerial level committees

Source: SGMAP

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The next steps: from Open Data

to Open Government

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2013

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February, 2013

New strategy for public data sharingRenew commitment to Open Data

as part of the government’s digital roadmap

Building on the governmental charter signed by each minister which mentioned committing to free and widespread reuse of public data.

Announces public debates on access to and reuse of data in key sectors:

• Healthcare• Transportatio

n• Environment

• Research• Fiscal policy• Housing

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June, 2013

Collaborative open data policymakingDesigning the next version of data.gouv.fr with its users

Hackathons and collaborative design events

Inside and outside government

Open to anyone

More than 12 events in 2 months to jumpstart development of new data.gouv.fr

Source: Etalab

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June 16, 2013

G8 Open Data CharterThe Heads of State of the G8 member countries expressed a shared

commitment to Open Data for a more transparent world.


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September, 2013

Progress towards free reuse for all public datasets

A report to the Prime Minister highlights the need to transform the business models of the few public operators that still sell access to datasets.

Decision: civil and case law data to be freely reusable.

Source: Etalab

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November 8, 2011

France’s G8 Open Data Action Plan

France commits to engaging with open data innovators worldwide

Joint effort with other G8 governments

Source: Etalab

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The new Data.gouv.frFirst fully open platform for any national government: citizens

and data innovators can share their own apps & datasets!

Source: Etalab

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2014 & beyond

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Building on the Open Data momentumThe open platform has doubled data reuse to date!

Source: Etalab

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Expanding the ‘government startup’ model

Along with the creation of a Chief Data Officer for France

Source: Etalab

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Expanding international collaborationBuilding on existing outreach and collaboration effort

Engaging with international institutions

Technical assistance to francophone and partner countries

Exchanging with other governments through the Open Government Partnership

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France’s OGP Action PlanAnnounced for November 2014

Elaborating a roadmap to 2016 with civil society:

Transcription of EU Directive into new law on access to information

Open & collaborative action plan review process

Started with the Paris Conference on Open Data workshops (April 25, 2014)

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The limits of data-drivenstrategies

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Data requires infrastructureWidespread access to open data requires comprehensive

government IT systems reform and streamlining.

Silver lining: ‘never waste a good crisis!’ – opportunity to focus IT reform efforts on open architectures

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There is no such thing as ‘un-biased data’

France’s 2008 ‘Active Solidarity’ benefits reform was predicated on a randomized control trial. It was designed to be

random… until partisan politics and regional power structures channeled funding towards politically important areas.

Silver lining: more attention paid to the data collection process

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‘Code solves arguments’… but data does not (always)

Traditional public debates regularly bump into a combination of NIMBYism, over-representation of concentrated interests, or

arguments over experts’ point of view etc.

Silver lining: open data apps democratize civic involvement

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Data might simply not existOpen data activists and external stakeholders sometimes insist

on access to data that exists only in their minds.

Silver lining: opportunity to upgrade data collection process and raise the quality of monitoring & evaluation of public

policies

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The data economy challenges our institutions

Ex: OpenSteetMap vs. ‘Institut Géographique National’

and the rise of distributed networks of mobile sensors.

Silver lining: raises the question of democracy in an age of data

• What rules for private data of public significance? • How can we harness data sciences to improve public

service?• Can the Internet of Things, wearable technologies & connected devices help generate new sources of data?

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A few lessons learned… the hard way!

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Platforms > pyramids


Governments can serve citizens much more effectivelyby working like networks rather than hierarchies

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Innovation before regulation


Addressing the policy challenges of tomorrow means encouraging innovation today to build homegrown information industries

64Source: CC-BY-SA Romain Lacombe

Empower innovators

(Some) citizens are eager to collaborate and work for the greater good. Listen, help out, and get out of the way!

Thank you!

Questions?

Romain Lacombe Former Head of InnovationFrench Prime Minister’s Taskforce Etalab for Open Government Data (data.gouv.fr)London – June 20th, 2014

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Romain lacombe open policy making - london 06-14