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Unit 4. Experiments in Government
1. Describe what Bi-Cameral means
• 2 houses of government
• House or Representatives (Based on population)
• Senate (2 per state)
2. In New York state, what 2 bodies “checked” each other?
3. List 3 things the Articles of Confederation accomplished.
4. Why was this form of government considered weak?
• Weak central/national government
• Couldn’t tax
• Couldn’t raise a military
• States were like ‘I’m new jersey, we do what we want!!”
5. Describe what Shay’s rebellion was
• 1786- an “army” of 1,000 farmers marched into town and shut down the government.
• They were unhappy with their taxes
• Shows how weak the government was.
6. Describe the “Great Compromise.”
• Big States • (with lots of people) • Government
representation should be based on population
• People = votes
• Small States • Each state should
have the same amount of representation
• 1 state, 1 vote
Great Compromise
• Senate
• 2 reps per state
• (100 total)
• House of representatives
• 1 rep per 450,000 in population
• (435 total)
Great Compromise
• Government representation will have “2 houses”
7. Explain the issue of the 3/5ths compromise.
• How should slaves be counted for representation in government?
7. Explain the issue of the 3/5ths compromise.
• South: • Slaves should count
as population
• North: • Slaves should count
for nothing, they can’t vote!
7. Explain the issue of the 3/5ths compromise.
• Compromise
• Slaves = 3/5 of a person – 3/5 for votes in government – 3/5 for taxation
8. Define: Federalism
• Power is divided between the states and the federal government
9. Explain how representative government works
• Voters elect leaders
10. What are the 3 branches our Government is separated into?
• Legislative
• Executive
• Judicial
10. What are the 3 branches our Government is separated into?
• 1. Legislative: writes laws
• Senate, House of Reps
10. What are the 3 branches our Government is separated into?
• 2. Executive branch (PRESIDENT)– Enforces laws
10. What are the 3 branches our Government is separated into?
• 3. Judicial (Courts supreme court) – Interprets laws
11. How do checks and balances work?
• Each branch has powers to make sure the others don’t’ get too powerful
Examples: checks and balances
• Executive Branch Checks on the Legislative Branch
• President has the power to veto laws passed by the Congress
Examples: checks and balances
• Legislative Branch Checks on the Executive Branch
• Congress can overturn a Presidential veto with a 2/3 vote of both houses
Examples: checks and balances
• Judicial Branch Checks on the Executive Branch
• Supreme Court can use the power of judicial review to rule laws unconstitutional
12. What is the elastic clause? Why was this a good idea?
• Congress has the power to stretch its powers to meet new situations
• Laws regarding new technology
• Speed Limits (No cars in 1776)
7. Through what process can our Constitution be changed?
• Amendment process
Constitution of the United States of America:
14. Describe article 1 of the constitution
• Sets up the legislative Branch
15. Explain what article 2 of the constitution establishes
• Sets up the executive Branch
16. What does the first amendment of the constitution protect?
• Individual Rights
• Freedom of…– Speech– Religion– Assembly
9. Why was the Bill of Rights added to the Constitution?