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RESEARCH PROPOSAL ON:
COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS OF LETTUCE PRODUCED WITH
ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZER AT TECHIMAN
MUNICIPALITY.
BY
ABIGAIL AYEW AMPOFOAH
211AB01000011
(AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT)
VALLEY VIEW UNIVERSITY-TECHIMAN CAMPUS
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
INTRODUCTION. LITERATURE REVIEW. PROBLEM STATEMENT. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES. METHODOLOGY.
LETTUCE (LACTUCA SATIVA)
INTRODUCTION
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is the most popular amongst the salad vegetable crops. It is most often grown as a leafy vegetable but sometimes for its stems and seeds.
Lettuce is an annual crop which belongs to the family Compositae or sunflower family and genus Lactuca and species Sativa.
Lettuce was first cultivated by the ancient Egyptians who turned it from a weed, whose seeds were used to produce oil, into a plant grown for its leaves
INTRODUCTION
Generally grown as a hardy annual, lettuce is easily cultivated, although it requires relatively low temperatures to prevent it from flowing quickly.
Lettuce contains vitamin A and potassium as well as a minor source of several other vitamins and nutrients.
Lettuce has a relatively high water requirement. Inadequate moisture will seriously stunt growth and head quality.
INTRODUCTION
Successful production of lettuce depends on vigorous growth.
A wide range of well-drained soils can be used; however, the crop does best on fertile, high organic matter soils that have good water-holding capacity.
Adequate nutrients and a continues moisture supply are essential to vigorous growth. The pH should be 6.0 to 6.7.
INTRODUCTION
Generally grown as a hardy annual, lettuce is easily cultivated, although it requires relatively low temperatures to prevent it from flowing quickly.
Lettuce contains vitamin A and potassium as well as a minor source of several other vitamins and nutrients.
Lettuce has a relatively high water requirement. Inadequate moisture will seriously stunt growth and head quality.
PROBLEM STATEMENT
Soils in Techiman is mostly characterized by clay parts, which have poor drainage capacity. They are very compact during the dry season. Yet in the rainy season, they are water logged and hence lettuce cultivation is unsuccessful in these areas.
Because the soil nutrients are not made available for the plant use, it is important therefore to evaluate the cost and benefits on the use of organic and inorganic fertilizer in lettuce production.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
General Objectives: To evaluate the cost benefit involved in producing
lettuce using organic and inorganic fertilizers.
Specific Objectives: Assess the cost per acre of producing lettuce. Assess the yield levels of lettuce using the different
fertilizer application.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) is an annual crop of the aster or sunflower family Asteraceae.
It is most often grown as a leaf vegetable but sometimes for its stem and seeds.
It is easily cultivated although it requires relatively low temperature to prevent it from flowing quickly.
LITERATURE REVIEW
It can be plagued with numerous nutrient deficiencies, as well as insect and mammal pests and fungi and bacterial diseases.
L. sativa crosses easily within the species and with some other species within the Lactuca genus although this trait can be a problem to home gardeners who attempt to save seeds.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Lettuce is most often used for salads, although it is also seen in other kinds of food, such as soups sandwiches among others.
Lettuce is a good source of vitamin A and potassium as well as a minor source for several other vitamins and nutrients.
Despite its beneficial properties, lettuce when contaminated is often a source of bacterial, viral and parasitic outbreaks in humans.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The best type of soil to be use when producing lettuce is the loamy soil.
Lettuce is a cool- season crop. Start seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before last spring frost date for earliest crop.
LITERATURE REVIEW
IMPORTANCE OF LETTUCE Serves as source of employment to people. Generation of income. Controls soil erosion For preparing soups. Helps in weight loss. Serve as food.
LITERATURE REVIEW Aphids: These pests are problems, especially
when the weather is cool, because they emerge earlier and tolerate colder temperatures than many of their predators.
Tip burn: Inconsistent watering contributes to the problem.
Flea beetles; lettuce will be shot through with tiny holes.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Bacterial leaf spot and head rot. Bacterial soft rot. Root knot. Bottom rot. stunt
METHODOLOGY
MATERIALS AND METHODSMATERIALS NEEDED
For successful production of lettuce the following materials will be needed Land for production Lettuce seeds Organic fertilizer (poultry manure) Inorganic fertilizer (N. P. K) Irrigation system Weedicides and pesticides Knapsack sprayer
METHODOLOGY
METHOD
The variety I will use is Eden
NURSERY
The seeds will to be nursed until they are ready to be transplanted onto the field.
SOIL PREPARATION
Fields will be prepared thoroughly by plowing, hallowing and removing plant debris from the soil surface.
METHODOLOGY
METHODS
WEEDING
This is mainly done to control weeds that will compete with lettuce for its nutrients, air and water as well.
METHODOLOGYDATA TO BE COLLECTED Plant height. Plant leave area. Number of leaves per plant. Time of flowering initiation 50% flower initiation. Full flower initiation. Number of flowers per plant. Date of harvesting Cost of fertilizers. Cost of labourers Cost of land preparation.
METHODOLOGY
The six treatments are as follows;T1 – No fertilizer.T2 – Poultry manure and Ammonia.T3 –NPK and Poultry manure.T4 –Poultry manure.T5-Ammonia.T6-NPK
The one variety to be used is EdenV1 – Eden
METHODOLOGY
TREATMENTS
One(1) variety (Eden) will be used with 6 treatments and 3 replications under the Complete Randomized Block Design.
The treatments will be V1T1, V1T2, V1T3, V1T4, V1T5, V1T6, because of the one variety.
METHODOLOGY
V1T1 – Eden with no fertilizer. V1T2 – Eden with ammonia and poultry
manure. V1T3 – Eden with NPK and poultry manure. V1T4 – Eden with Poultry manure. V1T5 – Eden with ammonia . V1T6 – Eden with NPK .
METHODOLOGY
FIELD LAY OUT UNDER COMPLETE RANDOMISED DESIGN
VIT1 VIT6 V1T4
V1T2 V1T5 V1T3
V1T3 V1T4 V1T2
V1T4 V1T3 V1T1
V1T5 V1T2 V1T5
V1T6 V1T1 V1T6
METHODOLOGY
DATA ANALYSIS The data collected from the various plots will be
analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA)
SOURCE OF VARIATION
DEGREE OF FREEDOM (df)
Total 12
Treatments 6
Replications 3
Error 3
RESEARCH SCHEDULEACTIVITY NOVEMBER DECEMBER JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
CULTIVATION
•Land Preparation
•Nursing
•Transplanting
•Cultural practices
•harvesting
LITERATURE REVIEW
DATA COLLECTION
DATA ANALYSIS
REPORT WRITTING
REFERENCES
Lactuca Sativa Kew Royal Botanical Gardens. Retrieved 2012/04/02
Lactuca Sativa United States Department of Agriculture Retrieved 2012/04/02