Microsoft Excel 2007Objective 3: Creating and Modifying Formulas

In the Objective you will learn how to:1. Reference data in formulas2. Summarize data using formulas3. Summarize data using subtotals4. Conditionally summarize data using a

formula5. Lookup data using a formula6. Use conditional logic in a formula7. Format or modify text using formulas, and8. Display and print formulas

Reference Data in Formulas• Use relative, absolute, and mixed cell

references• Troubleshoot formulas

Relative References Relative references will change if they are

copied and pasted or filled to a different location to reflect that location

How-To1. Type an equal sign, “=“, in the formula bar

or directly in the cell2. Insert your cell reference by typing the cell

address into the cell or by selecting the cell3. Finish the formula using operators and

additional cell references, then click Enter.

Absolute References Absolute references will not change based

on where the “$” is located in the reference.How-To1. After entering the cell references, select

the cell reference, one at a time, that you want to make an absolute reference and press F4

The reference should now read $A$1

2. Press Enter or Tab

Troubleshoot Formulas by Tracing Precedents Precedents are cells or ranges that

affect the active cell’s value.1. Click a cell that contains a formula2. Click the Formulas tab, then click the

Trace Precedents button in the Formula Auditing group

3. Double-click one of the blue arrows to navigate between the cell containing the formula and the precedent cell(s)

Troubleshoot Formulas by Tracing Dependents Dependents are cells or ranges affected

by the active cell.1. Click a cell that is referenced in a

formula2. Click the Formulas tab, then click the

Trace Dependents button in the Formula Auditing group

3. Double-click one of the blue arrows to navigate between the cells

Troubleshoot by Tracing, Locating and Resolving Errors

1. Click the cell that shows the error Common errors are shown on the next

slide

2. Click the Formulas tab, click the Error Checking list arrow in the Formula Auditing group, then click Trace Error

3. Make edits to the formula in the formula bar

Common ErrorsError Means

#DIV/0! Value is divided by zero

#NAME? Excel does not recognize text

#N/A Value is not available for the formula

#NULL! Formula specifies an intersection of two areas that do not intersect

#NUM! Invalid formula number(s)

#REF! Invalid cell reference

#VALUE! Operand or argument is incorrect

Troubleshoot Using Error Checking1. Click the Formulas

tab then click the Error Checking button in the Formula Auditing Group

2. In the Error Checking dialog box click the appropriate button

3. View and fix the error as prompted, click the resume button, then click OK

Error Checking Dialog Box OptionsButton Action

Help on this error Opens the Microsoft Excel Help Window and displays an article about this type of function or formula error

Show Calculation Steps

Opens the Evaluate Formula dialog box

Ignore Error Moves to the next error without modifying the current one

Edit in Formula Bar

Activates the cell containing the error in the formula bar

Troubleshoot by Evaluating Formulas1. Click a cell that

contains the formula2. Click the Formulas

tab then click Evaluate formula

3. In the dialog box, click the appropriate button(s)

Using References to Data in Other Worksheets If necessary, open the workbook containing

the data In the current workbook:

1. Click the cell that will contain the formula and type =

2. Click the workbook, or worksheet, containing the value you want to include and click the cell

3. Type an operand (such as + or -) to continue the formula and select other cells as necessary

4. Press [Enter]

Name One or More Cell Ranges A cell range is a group

of cells1. Select the range2. Click the Formulas

tab then click the Define Name button

3. In the New Name dialog box type the range name in the text box

4. Click OK

Use Labels to Create Range Names1. Select the range,

including any row or column labels

2. Click the Formulas tab then click the Create from Selection button

3. In the dialog box click the appropriate check box then click OK

Modify Named Ranges

Insert a Named Range in a Formula1. Click in the cell where the formula will

appear and begin typing the formula2. When you need to insert the named

range, click the Formulas tab, the Use in Formula button, then the range name in the drop-down menu

3. Complete the formula as appropriate

Lesson Review Complete the Get to know Excel 2007 –

Enter formulas activity above this presentation.