Ramon pascual

Amb la col·laboració:

The ALBA Synchrotron Light Facility

R. Pascual

Chairman Executive Commission

Barcelona , 24 de maig de 2012


What are the Research Infrastructures?

The Research Infrastructures are tools to provide essential services to the scientific community for pure or applied research

They can be related to all the scientific and technological fields, from the social sciences to the astronomy, through genomics and nanotechnologies.

Examples include libraries, databases, biological archives, clean rooms, communication networks, research vessels, satellites and navigation centres, coastal observatories, telescopes, synchrotrons and accelerators.

They can have a unique location or can be distributed or can be virtual.

(European Strategy Forum for Research Infrastructures, ESFRI)


• Social Sciences and Humanities

• Environmental Sciences

• Energy

• Biological and Medical Sciences

• Materials and Analytical Facilities

• Physical Sciences and Engineering

• e-Infrastructures

European Strategy Forum on Research Infrastructures

ESFRI Roadmap


The smallest, the Lawrence cyclotron (1929)

The largest, the LHC at CERN, Geneva


• To observe we always need:

– A photon (or other particles) source

– The objet to be observed

– A detector outgoing photons

– A system to reconstruct the image



Synchrotron radiation are the electromagnetic waves emitted by a charged particle that moves in a curved trajectory at a speed close to the speed of light.

electron

V : near c= 300 000 km/s

synchrotron radiation


Accelerator complex to produce SR

Electron gun

Linear accelerator

Booster Synchrotron

Storage ringBeam linesExperimental Stations


Main characteristics of SL

Continuous Spectrum, from infrared to

X-rays, with

Ecrit (keV) = 0.665 E2 (GeV) B(T)

Intense, as a narrow beam

ϑ(rad) = 0.51/E (MeV)

Polarized in the orbital plane

With temporal structure


1st and 2nd generation sources : from dipolar magnets

electrons

photons

3rd generation sources: wiglers and ondulators


• Basic Science

• Physics

• Chemistry

• Material sciences

• Surfaces

• Life sciences

• Medicine

• Lithography & Microfabrication

• Metrology

• Cultural heritage

• Palaeontology

• Applied Science

• Pharmacy and Health

• Alimentation

• Plastics

• Microelectronic

• Environment

• Metallurgy

• Cosmetics

• Textile and paper

• Construction


SOLEIL

ALBA


Why ALBA?– To have an important tool to meet the demand of

pure and applied research (public and private) in many different fields

– To get experience in the field of accelerator technologies

– To have a large scientific installation at the international level

• Around such facilities often take place the crossed fertilization from research to development and to innovation

– To increase the know-how of companies• It is necessary to get non standard instrumentation, both at

the installation and running phases (more than 30 years)


Firsts steps of ALBA

� 1992: After the recommendation of a Committee of the regional administration the construction is announced

� 1993: A Steering Committee is nominated and a training program is established

� 1995: Agreement between Spanish

and Catalan governments to make

a detailed study (within the IFAE)

� March 2002: Formal agreement

between governments

� March 2003: CELLS is created

� June 2003: First meeting of

the CELLS Council

� October 2003: Start of the activity


• Two Advisory Committees were established• Machine Advisory Committee• Scientific Advisory Committee

• Recruitment of personnel• Provisional headquarters in the UAB (until april 2009)• After geological studies a site was decided and the executive project was ordered

• Groundbreaking started: May 2006

• Groundbreaking ceremony:July 2006

• Final of civil works (end 2008) • Moving to new installations (april2009)


• Installation and commissioning of the linac (summer 2008)

• Starting of booster and SR installation (December 2008)

• The linac and the booster work regularly (electrons at 3 GeV)

• Commissioning of the storage ring and beamlines

• Recently: Beginning of regular services

• ...it is a continuous improvement...

• 1.5-2 years behind schedule

• On budget

Status of the project



Booster: 3 GeV, 250 m4 fold symmetry emittance smaller 20 nm·rad

Linac: 100 MeVAt 3 GHzRepetition rate of 3Hz

Storage ring: 268 mdouble bend achromat lattice 16 cells with 4 fold symmetry

16 straight sections of 8m, 4.4m and 2.6 m long


Comparison of 3rd Generation Synchrotrons

Diamond

Swiss Light Source

APS (USA)

PETRA III (Germany)

ESRF

Canadian Light Source

SPring-8 (Japan)

ELETTRA (Italy)

Australian SynchrotronALS (USA)

SOLEIL (France)

SPEAR3 (USA)

BESSY II (Germany)

MAX-II (Sweden)

ALBA/CELLS (Spain)

PLS (Korea)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Energy / GeV

Em

ittan

ce /

nm r

ad


Civil Engineering• Main Building for accelerators and experimental stations:

– Donought of 18,500 m2

• Administrative Buildings:

– 4,000 m2

• Technical Buildings

– 7,600 m2, including and auxiliary building for storage and future projects

• Very high mechanical stability to differential movements

– Critical zone: a slab of 1 m thick floating over 2 m of graduated gravels, disconnected from the building

• Very high electrical stability:

– Redundant supply:

• Connection to a 220 kV electric line through a dedicated transformer

• Connection to a natural gas cogeneration plant for electrical and thermal energies

• Static and dynamic (flying inertial wheels) continuity systems for the supply to the critical parts

• Air conditioning with a variation of ±0.5ºC and ± 1ºC (depending of the zone)

• Very strict conditions to the deionised refrigeration water

• Controls by the “Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear”


Ingenieria civil y sistemas deseguridad

ElectroimanesFuentes de alimentaciónRefrigeraciónMateriales EléctricosMecánica de precisión

Electrónica y RadiofrecuenciaTécnicas de Ultra-Alto VacíoInstrumentación

AceleradorLínieas de luzDispositivos de Inserción

Computación y controlSoftwareHardware

Sistemas de DiagnósticoSistemas ópticosServiciosCriogenia

Somos multidisciplinarios en cuanto a usuarios y en cuanto a las tecnologías que usamos.



32 DIPOLS (1.42 T)with GRADENT(5.9T/m)

120 sextupols150 mm long,With more than 100 correctors

128 quadrupols 500 mm long

More tha 100 correctors


6 RF stations forthe SR: 2 IOT amplifiers (80 kW and 67% efficiency) combined in a new CavityCombiner

RF cavity for the booster

More than 6000 equipments Represents more than 250 call for tenders

Total number of cables (cable+conectors) : 16,776

Total number of Km of cables (approximate): 227 Km


Linac: 100 MeVAt 3 GHzRepetition rate of 3Hz


From linac to booster


After 160 ms electrons accelerate from 100 Mev to 3 GeV,and are transfered from booster to the storage ring


4.3 nm·rad, 400 mA and critical energy about 4.8 KeV


Superconducting Wiggler for BL 4


Beam lines


Electric station with dynamicuninterruptible power supply (UPS)


Water station


Transverse underground gallery, at 6 m bellow the hall level


Port Beam-line Experimental techniques Scientific applications

4 MSPD(SCW-30)

Materials Science and Powder Diffraction Structure of Materials,Time resolved diffraction

9 MISTRAL(BM)

X-ray microscopy. Cryogenic tomography ofbiological objects. Spatially resolved spectroscopy

11 NCD(IVU-21)

Non-Crystalline Diffraction Structure and phase transformations of biological fibers, polymers, solutions. Time resolved X-ray studies

13 XALOC(IVU-21)

Macromolecular Crystallography Protein crystallography, withparticular emphasis on largeunit cell crystals

22 CLÆSS(MPW-80)

Core Level Absorption & Emission Spectroscopies

Material Science, Chemistry,Time resolved studies

24 CIRCE(EU-62)

Photoemission Spectroscopy and MicroscopyPhotoemission microscopy (PEEM)Near atmospheric pres. Photoem. (NAPP)

Nano-science and magneticdomain imaging (PEEM).Surface chemistry (NAPP)

29 BOREAS(EU-71)

Resonant Absorption and Scattering Magnetism, surface magnetismand magnetic structure

First phase of beamlines


Budget and Characteristics• Total budget: 201 (-1) M€ (including personnel and running

costs from 2003 to 2009)

• Annual starting budget since 2010: 16 M€

• Personnel: 140

• Around 1000 users per year (for the first phase beam lines)

• Atraction of companies and new investments

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS AND STUDY OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF ALBA

Authors

Director: José García Montalvo (Universitat Pompeu Fabra )

Barcelona, January 2004 and 2010



• 200 proposals received

• 636 registered researchers

• All the BLs (x7) have a high numeber of

proposals

• 82% are Spanish proposals

• 16% are EU proposals

• 3 are no UE proposals

Results of the first call for users





• Supplies and services contracts.

• Technologies acquisitions (supplies, available

technologies, collaboration projects , etc.)

• References

• TechniciansStudies from CERN, ESRF, Berkeley,…

From these studies we can say that, in numbers, the returns from the collaborations with “big science” centres present average multiplier factors in the range from 2.7 (ESA) to 3.7 (CERN)

Business Opportunities in Large Facilities


If you have an apple and I have an apple, and we exchange these apples,then you and I still each have one apple.

But if you have an idea and I have an idea, and we exchange theses ideasthen each of us will have two ideas.

George Bernard ShawTaken from CERN Global Network

General idea behind the collaborations


Thankyou for your attention

Technology

Ramon pascual