RAINWATER UTILISATION: SHARING NAHRIM EXPERIENCE

IN RAINWATER SYSTEM RESEARCH

NATIONAL HYDRAULIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA NATIONAL HYDRAULIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (NAHRIM)(NAHRIM)

Annual Rainwater ≈ 990 billion m3 (Area = 330,000km2 with Average Annual Rainfall = 3,000mm) 566 billion m3 becomes surface runoff 360 billion m3 evaporated

64 billion m3 discharges as groundwater Water Consumption ≈ 12.5 billion m3 (year 2000)

BUT…..we still have water supply disruptions?!BUT…..we still have water supply disruptions?!

(1998 drought brought unpleasant water supply disruptions to the 1.8 million (1998 drought brought unpleasant water supply disruptions to the 1.8 million

residents of Klang Valley)residents of Klang Valley)

Date Chronolgy

April, 1998 Water Shortage Crisis in Klang Valley during drought season

7 May , 1998 Government announced interest on RWHS

23 Jun 1999 Initial guideline produce by Housing and Local Governemnt “Installing a Rainwater Collection and Utilisation System”.

October, 2004 Cabinet paper released to encourage government and federal buildings need to install RWHS but it is still not a mandatory

August 2006 Town of Country Planning & Development had produced a National Urbanization Policy (NUP) stress the need to improve water management efficiency by emphasizing the use of RWHS

March 27, 2006 Mandatory by government to large buildings like factory, schools or bungalows to install RWHS

RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM CHRONOLOGY

To support: NAHRIM, DID, DLG & higher learning institutions collaborate to pursue R&D on RWHS.

Water Demand and Projected Water Supply for Selangor Water Demand and Projected Water Supply for Selangor and Klang Valleyand Klang Valley

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

5500

6000

6500

7000

2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025

Year

To

tal W

ate

r D

em

an

d (

Mld

)

Water Demand

Water Supply

Nett Water Demand

SisTAH REDUCES THE NETT TREATED WATER

DEMAND

Sg

Se

lan

go

r D

am

Kla

u D

am

Inte

rsta

te W

ate

r T

ran

sfe

r

Te

lem

on

g D

am

a

nd

Be

nto

ng

We

ir

Lia

ng

Da

m

Lipis Dam

WATER DEMAND

De

lay

ed

Da

m

Co

ns

tru

cti

on

Installation of Dual Check Valve for Rainwater Tank

Typical Connections at or Near Cistern

Typical Schematic Layout for Rainwater Tank at Ground Level

Conveyance Layoutfor Rainwater Harvesting System

Section of Conveyance Layoutfor Rainwater Harvesting System

The system consist:The system consist:

Down pipe Rainwater Filter

Down pipe Vortex Rainwater Filter

Rounded Polyethylene Tank

1

2

3

5

47

6

IMPLEMENTED RAINWATER IMPLEMENTED RAINWATER HARVESTING PROJECTHARVESTING PROJECT

DID HQ @ Jalan Sultan

Salahuddin, K. Lumpur

UTHM Hostel

DID Dungun @ Terengganu

Bangalow House

Mosque Complex

NAHRIM CURRENT RWHS NAHRIM CURRENT RWHS PROJECTS PROJECTS

RWHS @ NATIONAL ZOO

RWHS @ LONG HOUSE

RWHS AT NATIONAL ZOORWHS AT NATIONAL ZOO

Objective installing RWHS at National ZooObjective installing RWHS at National Zoo

-To create some creative and interesting design

- To proof to Malaysian RWHS has been implemented

-To encourage people to use RWHS

- To educate younger generation on RWHS

- To provide a supplementary water supply

- Reduce water bill

RWHS AT LONG HOUSE RWHS AT LONG HOUSE Source

From impounded river source located 3.4 km From impounded river source located 3.4 km from long house.from long house.

During Wet seasonDuring Wet seasonSufficient volume and water pressure.Sufficient volume and water pressure.

During Dry seasonDuring Dry seasonNo supply form impounded source. Resident No supply form impounded source. Resident

has to carry water from stream at foot hill.has to carry water from stream at foot hill.

Existing Sanitation System Existing Sanitation System

DischargeDischargeDirect discharge into cesspool and stream. Direct discharge into cesspool and stream.

No treatmentNo treatment

5 No HDPE 10,000 gallon Storage Tank

200mm wide gutter

Catchments for Rainwater

Down Pipe

5 No HDPE 1000gallonStorage Tank

RWHS designed by villager….RWHS designed by villager….

Software: Tangki NAHRIMSoftware: Tangki NAHRIM

Software: Tangki NAHRIMSoftware: Tangki NAHRIM

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION

- The practice of using RWHS should be promoted widely - The practice of using RWHS should be promoted widely to the masses;to the masses;

- The government agencies should lead by example and The government agencies should lead by example and start installing systems at their own premises;start installing systems at their own premises;

- Agencies of technical and research capabilities need to Agencies of technical and research capabilities need to collaborate to come out with ideas to develop an collaborate to come out with ideas to develop an effective system, suitable to people condition and well effective system, suitable to people condition and well accepted by all..accepted by all..

Thank You..