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Presented by Alan Duncan at the Africa RISING Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 17-18 September 2012
Citation preview
Fodder and feed as a key opportunity for driving sustainable intensification of crop livestock
systems in Ethiopia
“Quick Feeds”
Alan DuncanAfrica RISING Planning Meeting, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 17-18 September 2012
Purpose, objectives, planned outputs:
The project aimed to support more effective use of feed by crop-livestock farmers (including supply and quality, impacts on livestock production and product appeal and links to markets). The project’s specific objectives were:– To characterize the nature of crop-livestock interactions based on
feed and identify opportunities for strengthening these through improved production, quality or augmentation with purchased inputs.
– To assess the broad potential implications of improved crop-livestock integration / intensification for sustainable feed supply in the target sites.
– To assess the state of feed value chains in facilitating improved feed use on crop-livestock farms.
– To use the above information to allow future trends to be predicted and to support interventions to enhance smallholder-based feed supply and trade.
Which locations?
Sheep
Dairy
Which tools?
Value chain analysis (VCA)Feed assessment tool (FEAST)Feed technology prioritization (Techfit)SLATE – for livelihood scoring
Name From GenderInception
workshop: 7-8 May
Training course:
18-21 Jun
Field work: Livlihood
Field work: VCA
Field work: FEAST
Field work: TechFit
Writeshop:13-16 Aug
Sythesis workshop:
3-4 Sep
Dawit Abate Sinana ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Teklu Wegi Sinana ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1Sisay Belete Sinana ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1Sultan Usman Sinana ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Aliye Kedu Sinana ARC m 1 1 1Gemeda Duguma Bako ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Worku Temesgen Bako ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1Kifle Degefa Bako ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Temesgen Jembere Bako ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1Alemayehu Kumsa Bako ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1Mesay Yami Kulumsa ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Teklemedhin Thaimanof Kulumsa ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Tarekegn Etana Kulumsa ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Eshetu Lemma Kulumsa ARC m 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Alemayehu Kumsa Kulumsa ARC m 1 1 1 1Gerba Leta ILRI/IWMI m 1Abate Tedla Consultant m 1Aynalem Haile ICARDA m 1 1 1Tadelle Dessie ILRI 1Peter Ballantyne ILRI m 1 1Adugna Tolera University of
Awassam 1 1 1 1 1
Jane Wamatu ICARDA f 1 1 1 1 1Getachew Legesse Consultant m 1 1 1 1 1Alan Duncan ILRI m 1 1 1Amare Haileslassie ILRI m 1 1 1Peter Thorne ILRI m 1 1 1Werner Stur Consultant m 1 1Barbara Rischowski ICARDA f 1Christopher Legg IFPRI m 1
Partner engagement
OutputsAn understanding of feed issues and
options within 3 farming systems in Ethiopia
Ideas for entry points for livestock intensification
An appreciation of the wider implications of potential feed interventions for other system components
What do the tools do?
SLATE – develop understanding of livelihood endowments of different household to help targeting of feed interventions
FEAST – a quick understanding of feed issues in a locality – how they fit into the overall farming system, what constraints to improvement are and some suggestions for intervention routes
Techfit – prioritization of potential feed interventions from a basket of options
VCA – understanding of the bottlenecks to improved livelihoods at different points in the value chain – to help work out the most promising avenues for intervention at a VC level
Sample output from FEAST
Contributors to HH income
%of income in Gitlo (Horro)
LivestockCrops Labour
Seasonal feed calendars
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Concentrates Crop residues Grazing Green forage
Legume residues Others Rainfall Pattern
Feed
ava
ilab
lity
(%)
Rai
nfal
l pat
tern
(1-5
sc
ale)
Sinana - Selka
Horro - Gitlo
•CR based•Strong seasonality
•Almost nil concentrates
•V little legume
•Grazing based
•Some seasonality
•Almost nil concentrates
•V little CR
Seasonality of sheep prices
ET
B p
er s
heep
Easter
Meskel
C’mas
Constraints and opportunities
Identified problems
Ranks of problems in:
Suggested solutions for the identified problems
Gitlo
Lakku
Oda Buluq
Knowledge 1 1 1 Awareness raising of farmers through training on improved animal husbandry practices in general and market-oriented animal production in particular
Feeds 2 3 2 Improved forage production, conservation of crop residues, establishment of backyard forage production and reduction of number of animals owned by focusing on productivity
Health 3 2 3 Equipping veterinary clinics with necessary equipment, drugs and skilled technicians, and proper feeding and housing managements to animals
Market 5 - - Cultivation of high value horticultural crops, animal fattening, undertaking off-farm activities and devising mechanisms to access credit on an individual basis
Finance 4 - 4 Market oriented animals’ production and organizing farmers into cooperatives
Summary of what emerged in the sheep system
On the demand side, there is strong demand for young, fat, heavy sheep from export and domestic urban markets which the current sheep production systems cannot produce reliably.
Demand for sheep is seasonal and this presents both a problem in terms of production continuity and an opportunity to capitalize on high prices during periods of peak demand.
There is a strong opportunity to assist smallholder farmers in producing fatter sheep for sale and developing efficient sheep fattening operations. This requires investments in improving feed supply, animal breeding, animal health and marketing support.