BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

By Dr.S.N.Benerji.DM.Sc. M.Phil. Ph.D. (Biotechnology)E.Mail: dsnbenerji@gmail.comAndhra UniversityVisakhapatnamAndhra pradesh

PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL

Biodiesel is mono alkyl ester which can be produced from Triacylglycerol.

Triacylglycerol are present in Edible or non edible oils and also in microalgae.

Vegetables oils are soyabean oil, sunflower oil, ground nut oil and palm oil.

Non edible oils are Jatropha and Jajoba.

Biodiesel production uses alcohols and catalysts.

Triacylglycerols can be converted to Biodiesel and Glycerol in the presence of catalyst.

BIODIESEL PRODUCTION IS A TRANSESTERIFICATION PROCESS DURING WHICH OILS WITH HIGH VISCOCSITY ARE TRANSFORMED INTO ALKYL ESTERS WITH LOWER VISCOSITY.

THE TRANSESTERIFICATION IS CAUSED BY THE ADDITION OF METHANOL TO OIL IN THE PRESENCE OF CATALYST (EG: SODIUM HYDROXIDE, POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE AND ENZYMES).

The addition of 10% Methanol and 90% oil will produce 90% biodiesel and 10% glycerin as a by product.

ENERGY SOURCES FOR BIODIESEL

Non – Edible oils (Jajoba and Jatropha curcas oil)

Waste Vegetable oils (Palm oil, Sunflower oil)

Microalgae (Chlorella vulgaris, Euglinagracilis, Neochloris oleoabundans)

CATALYST USED IN BIODIESEL PRODUCTION

Chemical catalyst:Sodium Hydroxide (Na OH)Potassium Hydroxide (KOH)Sodium Methoxide (CH3 ONa)

Biocatalyst:Asperigillus nigerCyano Bacteria

TRIGLYCERIDES DIGLYCERIDES METHYL ESTER MONOGLYCERIDES METHYL ESTER

GLYCEROL METHYL ESTER

REQUIREMENTS

Bioreactor, Gas Chromatography, Thin layer chromatography.

Methanol, Lipase (Asperigillus niger or Lipase).

PC with Statistica software.

USES OF BIODIESEL AND GLYCEROL

Bioethanol is an ecofriendly fuel.

Biodiesel can be used as blend in petrol.

Production of bioethanol from micro algae and waste vegetable oil will be economic.

Glycerin has been used in the preparation of soap

It is also used in preparation of cosmetics.

Biodiesel Glycerin

THANK YOU