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Design and Usability Awareness Campaign – SAP – July 2011/ Gustavo Fischer UNISINOS
Back to the Future: what old screens are telling us about
how we create interfaces
Topics:
Weaving timelines: media and software history.
A brief genealogy of the screen Remidiation and InterfacesThe archeological approach: flashbacks at
screens to rebuild the flow of transformations.What could we learn regarding design and
usability?Cases that challenge our traditional media-
centered or software-centered approaches
With a [huge] help from my friends
Weaving timelines: media and software history.
Software history
“Today we're beginning to realize that the new media aren't just mechanical gimmicks for creating worlds of illusion, but new languages with new and unique powers of expression.”
A media approach
New media calls for a new stage in media theory whose beginnings can be traced back to the revolutionary works of Robert
Innis and Marshall McLuhan of the 1950s. To understand the logic of new media we need to turn to
computer science.
(Lev Manovich, 2008)
Connecting with a software perspective
Let's think about the screen as a point of connection between media and software.
By Lev Manovich – The Language of New Media
A brief genealogy of the screen
As soluções de Virtual Reality eram muito comentadas à época.As soluções de Virtual Reality eram muito comentadas à época.
Classical Screen
Visual culture of the modern period,from painting to cinema, is characterized by an intriguing phenomenon: theexistence of another virtual space, another three-dimensional world enclosed by aframe and situated inside our normal space. The frame separates two absolutelydifferent spaces that somehow coexist. This phenomenon is what defines thescreen in the most general sense, or, as I will call it, the "classical screen."
Point of view
Even proportions have not changed in five centuries, they are similar for a typical fifteenth century painting,a film screen and a computer screen.
In this respect it is not accidental that the very names of the two main formats of computer displays point to two genres ofpainting: a horizontal format is referred to as "landscape mode" while the vertical format is referred to as "portrait mode."
This new type retains all the properties of a classical screen while adding something new: it can display an image changing over time.
This is the screen of cinema, television, video.
Dynamic screen
The screen is The screen is agressive. It filters agressive. It filters and screens out.and screens out.
This viewing regime is challenged by the arrival of the computer, (altough not yet with the overlapping windows of the Graphical User Interfaces).
The movie screen is an evolution from several devices during the 19th and 20th century, related to entertainment, documentary, fiction.
But the computer screen is related to surveillance technology with the invention of the radar.
Real time screen
What is new about such a screen is that its image can change in real time,reflecting changes in the referent, be it the position of an object in space (radar),any alteration in visible reality (live video) or changing data in the computer'smemory (computer screen). The image can be continually updated in real time.This is the third, after classic and dynamic, type of a screen — the screen of realtime.
Let´s get back to the overlapping screens.
Interactive screen
The concentration of visualization is no longer in just one image. Blocks of text data, image, video suggest that the computer screen has more to do with graphic design and windows.
When we change something in the screen, we “change” something regarding the computer´s memory, data, etc.
Classical
DynamicDynamic
Real timeReal time
InteractiveInteractive
Remidiation and Interfaces
Definition
Remidiation is the representation of one media on another, which is the main characteristic of new media.
Premise
There would be the following contradiction
(or paradox): our culture would have a simultaneous desire for and immediacy and hypermediation, the dual logic of remidiation.
Which means that...
Our culture wants to simultaneously multiply its media and erase all traces of media. The act of erasing would aim to multiply, ideally.
Immediacy:
Immediacy:
When dealing with media (watching, listening, interacting) we want to feel as we were in the presence of what´s on the “other side”.
We develop new devices to get closer and closer to “reality”.
We want to erase the traces of the author/artist/programmer when we build our artifacts.
Hipermediacy:
“a style of visual representation whose goal is to remind the viewer of the medium.”
The digital visual media can best be understood by the ways in
which honor, rival, and revise the perspective painting, photography, film, television and print. What is newabout "new media" would be the particular way in which these aspects are addressed between the old and new media.
Hypermediation:
fascination by the media (media).Process and performance are higher than the result. Heterogeneous spaces, windowed style, multiple acts of representation.
Hipermediation
Hypermedia: + random access multiple media.The desktop interface is not erased. Media (content) and software are related by the computer, a metamedium (Manovich) .
Immediacy/Hipermediacy
Art explores the meaning of the interface makes it arises in the eyes of the user, whilethe "engineering" perfect technology to make it go away.
Acts of remidiation
Borrowing, archiving, remodeling, absorption.
In order to mediate and reform.
How can we trace these acts?
The archeological approach: flashbacks at screens to rebuild the flow of
transformations.
The trap of novelty and our “device-fetiche” age.
We are always seeking the next big thing without paying atention at the huge genealogy of media and software behind us which is showing us a major trend: a mixture of rivalry and influence between the cultures of media and software.
And it is all happening at a screen next to you!
What could we learn regarding design and usability?
If media and software timelines are weaving more
and more, why can´t professionals of these fields do the same?
Should we obey all UX rules or media/advertising/branding guidelines?
Interfaces not only reveal ancient aesthetic languages and trends, but are the result of design processes
driven by certain mental models.
Examples that may challenge our traditional media-centered or
software-centered approaches
The Big App Show
The Big App Show
GIF is back> a vintage trend?
Media + service + design + software
References:
BOLTER, Jay David; GRUSIN, Richard. Remediation. Understanding new media. Cambridge, Massachussets e Londres, Inglaterra: Mit Press, 1999.
MCLUHAN, Marshall. A galáxia de Gutenberg: a formação do homem tipográfico. São Paulo: Nacional, 1977.
______. Os meios de comunicação como extensões do homem. São Paulo: Cultrix, 1979.
_______. et al. Guerra e paz na aldeia global. São Paulo: Record, 1971. MANOVICH, Lev. Self-interview by Lev Manovich for MIT Press. [s.d.]. Disponível em:
<http://www.manovich.net/LNM/Q&A_Manovich.html>. Acesso em: out. 2008. ______. The language of new media. Londres: The MIT Press, 2001. ______. Software Takes Command. www,manovich.net. 2008
Q+A & Thank you.
@gusfischerslideshare.net/[email protected]
More:TCAV.com.br - Research Group @ Unisinos
Invitation: August 15th to 18th “Image Week” (Semana da Imagem) @ Unisinos
