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Experience on System of Root Intensification in the Sundarbans
PRASARI
RAINFALL+
WATERLO
GG
ING
SALINITY
CROP LO
SS
RIVER-BANK FAILURE+SEA
WATER
DRY SOIL+SALINE SURFACE
SUNDARBANS
1.91t/ha
SUBMERGENCE LOSS OF ONLY GROP
(as high 70%)
NOMINAL SECOND
CROP
SINGLECROP-RICE+1 acre av. land
HIGH RAINFALL IN JULY(753mm)
WATER SCARCITY+HIGH SALINITY INSUMMER (50% MORE)
FOOD INSECURITY+60% DISTRESSED MIGRATION
Factors contributing …
PROBLEM STATEMENT…
• WATER LOGGING AND NO DRAINAGE• MONO-CROPPED (LOW YIELD-RICE)• HIGHER SALINITY AND LESS SWEET WATER IN
SUMMER• SMALL LANDHOLDING• LACK OF FODDER & ORGANIC MANURE
(LIVESTOCK DECREASING)• LACK OF FAITH ON NRM-AGRIL.• MIGRATION
PRESENTATION SUMMARY….
• SRI EVOLUTIONS0th YearYear-1Year-2Year-3• LEARNINGS• WAY-FORWARD…….
SRI EVOLUTION (0TH YR)…
• PARESH DAS• LAND-LESS• LEASED-IN 10
dcml. LAND• SUMMER-07-08• USED MOC+FYM
CAKE• 240 KGS. OF RICE
OVER TRADITIONAL 115 KGS.
QUESTIONED ANSWERED(UN)(0TH YR)…..
SRI CAN BE DONE IN THE SUNDARBANS!CAN IT BE CALLED AS SRI?HIGHER WATER DEPTH AND STAGNATION VS. ALTERNATE DRY/WETYOUNG AND SINGLE SEEDLING CAN SURVIVE WATER PRESSURE?WHAT WOULD BE THE NUTRIENT DOSES?THE TRADITIONAL VARIETIES WOULD ALSO RESPOND UNDER SRI?IF YOU CAN’T SEE THE SOIL UNDER WATER-WHERE TO USE WEEDER?WOULD PEOPLE REALY BE READY TO PUT THEIR LAND AT STAKE?
?
SRI EVOLUTION (YEAR-1)…..
• RECEIVED SUPPORT FROM SDTT
• KHARIF-152 FARMERS IN 49 ACRE (+80 FARMERS IN SUMMER)
• GREEN MANURE+DE-OIL CAKE BASED POP
• 11 FARMERS TRIED LOCAL VARIETIES
• 15 FARMERS LOST CROP IN SUMMER
QUESTIONED ANSWERED(UN)(1ST YR)…..
SRI IS ONLY FEASIBLE FOR THE UPLANDS?WHAT TO DO WHERE WATER STAGNATION IS VERY HIGH?WEEDER OPERATION CONTRIBUTES POSITIVELY TO THE YIELD EVEN IF YOU CAN’T SEE THE SOIL!ARE THE FARMERS TAKING UP SRI AS THEY ARE PROVIDED WITH THE INPUTS COST? SOURCE OF ORGANICS?LOCAL VARIETIES ARE DOING BETTER THAN THAT OF TRADITIONAL PRACTICES-AROMATIC/MORISHSHAL VARIETY WOULD ASSURE MORE RETURN UNDER SRI?DE-OIL CAKES REMAINED ‘CAKES’ EVEN AFTER THE SUMMER HARVEST!ALTERNATE DRYING IN SUMMER RISES SALINITY AND CROP LOSSES IN SUMMER!
?
SRI EVOLUTION (YEAR-2)….• SRI WITH 1010 FARMERS ON
OVER 470 ACRES (EVEN-AYLA)• REGISTRATION FEES VS. 8% DROP
OUT• ALLOWED ORG+CHEMICAL IN
SUMMER• USE OF EM-TECHNOLOGY• LOW LAND SRI ENHANCED 50%
YIELD:EARLY TRANSPLANTATION• 30 TO 40% CROP LOSS IN
SUMMER• 118 FARMERS PRACTICED LOCAL
VARIETIES (28% in low land,22% aromatic)
QUESTIONS ANSWERED(UN)(2ND YR)…..WOULD THE DROP OUT RATE INCREASES IF THE INPUTS SUPPORT IS MINIMUM?WOULD THE FARMERS GO BACK TO PREVIOUS CHEMICAL N-P-K ONLY AS THERE IS NO FYM/ORG. SUPPORT?HOW TO PLAN FOR HIGH WATER ZONES IN ADVANCE?HOW LONG TO EXPERIMENT WITH THE SUMMER RICE LOSSES?IS THERE ANY ALTERNATIVE CROP FOR THE SALINE DELTA IN SUMMER?IS THIS ENOUGH TO ‘SEE’ THE FAMILIES ONLY IN THE KHARIF AND FORGETING FOR 6 MONTHS?HOW TO RESTRICT MIGRATION AND GETTING PEOPLE’S NRM FAITH BACK WHEN HIGH SALINITY & NO SWEET WATER?
?
SRI EVOLUTION (YEAR-3)…..• MAPPING THE WATER LEVELS FOR ALL
VILLAGES• SRI WITH 1430 FARMERS• 221 FARMERS WITH LOCAL VARIETY
(54% IN THE LOW LAND, 17% AROMATIC)
• SRI IN MUSTARD WITH THREE VARIETIES (B9,RP-09,RAIJATA) AS SUMMER ALTERNATIVE
• NOMINAL DROP OUT DUE TO MIGRATION THOUGH MAJOR INPUTS CONTRIBUTION FROM FARMERS
• SRI POCKETS HAVE BEEN DEVELOVED• THREE LOCAL SHOPS WITH CLEANED
GODOWN OF DE-OIL CAKES AT THE END OF KHARIF…
QUESTIONS ANSWERED(UN)(3RD YR)….. WOULD VILLAGERS TAKE UP THE MUSTARD CROP TO REPLACE SUMMER RICE?CAN SRI BE ALIGNED AS THE YEAR THE ROUND ACTIVITY?LET’S EXPLORE HOW THE OVERALL SUPPORT COST VARRIES OVER TIME!WHAT IS THE “SRI INTERNALIZATION” LEVEL OF THE COMMUNITY?
?
SRI EVOLUTION-4….
•RICE WITH (929+1211)•FAMILIES•LIVELIHOODS PLAN WITH 50 SHGS-600 FAM•RICE-FISH-MUSTARDAS YEAR THE ROUND ACTIVITY•MUSTARD WITH-230 FAMILES,RAIJATA VARIETY
GLANCING THROUGH THE EXTERNAL INVESTMENTS…..
SRI INTERNALIZATION-A CASE STUDY• Transplanting:5/7/11• Un-interrupted rain: 03/08/11 to 20/8/11• Complete submergence:9/8/11• Drained out:27/8/11• Lost: 90% of hills• Fertilization to survived hills: 29/08/11• Re-transplanting the panicles: 04/09/11• Weeding: 11/09 and 18/09/11• Date of harvest: 13/12/12• Average Ht.: 122.2 cm• Panicle length: 27.5 cm• Effective tillers: 16• Grain/panicle(av.):271• Chaffy/panicle:23• 1000 grain wt.:25 gm• 25 sq. mtr grain:13.5 kg. OVER 700 FARMERS FOLLOWED THIS METHOD AND
HARVESTED GOOD RETURN IN THE DELTA in-spite of submergence loss
UNADDRESSED ISSUE OF SALINITY,SWEET WATER AND MIGRATION…..
PROBLEMS• SUMMER SALINITY• NO DRAINAGE• NON AVAILABLE SWEET WATER
IN SUMMER• LESS RETURN FROM NRM
LEADING TO MIGRATION
SOLUTION• FAO OF UN RECOMENDS
WATER HARVESTING STRUCTURES (EX-SITU) AS A SOLUTION
SUNDARBANS
18
PRASARI HAS BEEN NEGOTIATING WITH 3 GPs on FIVE SQUARE MODEL…
19
Investment and expected return from the 'five square model’
Cft.Rate (Rs.)/cft Amount(rs.)
Length (ft.) 55 width (ft) 55 Layer-1 depth (ft) 3 9075 1.56 14144.51 Layer-2 depth (ft) 3 6627 1.67 11080.20 Layer-3 depth (ft) 3 5043 1.76 8860.52
Leaching trench 300 1.56 467.59 available water 23770
total (Rs.) 34552.81 Rounded off (Rs.) 35000
Loss 30% 7131 Net available-
WATER 16639 RETURN
1RAIN-SEASON AREA(SQ.FT)WATER REQD. RETURN(RS.)
AVAILABLE WATER
A RICE -SRI(SQ.FT) 5724 0 2759.504 16639B BUND-VEG (OKHRA) 1452 0 9600 16639
CHIGH-LAND VEG (OKHRA) 2800 0 19200 16639
2FISH (MIX CULTURE) 3025 5043 5000 115963POST-KHARIF 11596
A MUSTARD-SRI 5724 5724 6181.92 5872
BBUND-VEG (bitter gourd) 1452 1452 5120 4420
CHIGH-LAND VEG (cue-cumber) 2800 2800 4977.778 1620
4SUMMER 1620
ABUND-VEG (RIDGE GOURD) 1452 1452 3840 168
TOTAL RETURN (Rs.) 56679.2
WE ARE OPTIMISTIC, THIS MODEL WOULD ADDRESS THE STATED ISSUES…..
KHARIF WATER STAGNATION & RESOURCE MAP PREPARED BY VILLAGERS…
BACK
ON STATION &ON FARM
1.NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT2. WEED MANAGEMENT3. WATER MANAGEMENT
ON FARM PARTNERS WITH BCKVPRASARIAMBUJA CEMENT FOUNDATION
RESEARCH WITH BCKV
धन्यवा�द...!!!