WHAT IS PROCESSER?

Processor which is also called the central processing unit (CPU)interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer..

• The operating system views each processor as a separate processor.

multi-core processor ɷ it is a processor with a single chip with two or more separate processor cores.

THE COMMON MULTI-CORE PROCESSOR ARE DUAL-CORE AND QUAD-CORE.

• A dual-core processor is a chip that contains TWO separate processor cores.

• A quad-core processor is a chip with FOUR separate processor cores.

When a user starts a program, for example its instruction transfer from a storage device to memory. Data needed by programs enters memory from either an input device or a storage device.The control unit interprets in memory and ALU performs calculation the data in memory. Resulting information is stored in memory for future access...

INPUT DEVICES ↓ data MEMORY

↓ information OUT DEVICES

• Processors contain a control unit and an arithematic logic unit (ALU). • These two components work together to

perform processing operations.

THE CONTROL UNIT

• Is the component of the processor that directs and coordinates most of the operations in the computer.• It interprets each instruction issued by a

program and then initiates the appropriate action to carry out instruction.

• There are a few types of internal components that control units direct such as:

a) arithematic logic unit b) registers c) buses

Parallel processing• is a method that uses multiple processors simultaneously to

execute a single program or task • it divides a single problem into portion so that multiple

processor work on their assigned portion of the problem at the same time.

• These are the few examples of a processor:

MEMORY

• It consists of electronic components that store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor. • The role of memory is to store both data and

programs which is known as the stored programs concept.

• Memory stores three basic categories items: a) the operating system and other system software that controls or maintain the computer and its devices. b) application programs that carry out a specific task such as word processing c) the data being proccesed by the application programs and resulting information.

Bytes and Addressable Memory

• A byte (character) is the basic storage unit in memory.• The data are transferred to memory from

storage devices where the instructions and data exsist as bytes. • Each byte resides temporarily in a location in

memory that has a address.

Types Of Memory

• There are two types of memory: a) volatile b) non-volatile

• When the computer's power is turned off volatile memory loses its contents.• Non-volatile, by contrast, does not loses its

contents when the power is removed from the computer.• Thus, volatile memory is temporary and non-

volatile memory is permenant. • RAM is the most common type of volatile

memory.

• Examples of non-volatile include ROM, flash memory, and CMOS. • These are the few examples of memory: