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POWER QUALITY ISSUES & SOLUTIONS IN ELECTRICAL SYSTEM (FELIDAE SYSTEMS) (www.felidaesystems.co.in)
Power quality determines the fitness of electrical power to consumer devices. Synchronization of the voltage frequency and phase allows electrical systems to function in their intended manner without significant loss of performance or life. The term is used to describe electric power that drives an electrical load and the load's ability to function properly. Without the proper power, an electrical device (or load) may malfunction, fail prematurely or not operate at all. There are many ways in which electric power can be of poor quality and many more causes of such poor quality power.
Industrial electronic devices and non linear loads are the major cause of harmonic generation. As the current drawn from the supply no longer remains sinusoidal, thus the resultant waveform is made up of a number of different waveforms of different frequencies.
Harmonics are a major cause of power supply pollution lowering the power factor and increasing the electrical losses, which may cause a premature equipment failure and higher rating requirement for equipment, in a non linear load current and applied voltage are not proportional to each other.
When sinusoidal voltage is applied to a nonlinear resistor, we get the resulting current distorted, few percent of increase in a voltage may cause the current to double and take on a different waveshape.
This is the main source of harmonic distortion in a power system.
Modern electrical system is with number of power electronic devices those are nothing but a non linear load which may causes a disturbance in a mains ac current, due to which power system may suffers from adverse effect
Therefore it has become necessary to reduce harmonic distortion for utilities as well as users. Harmonic distortion in power distribution systems can be suppressed using various techniques
• Variations in the peak or RMS voltage.• RMS voltage exceeding the nominal voltage by 10 to
80% for 0.5 cycle to 1 minute.• RMS voltage getting below the nominal voltage by 10
to 90% for 0.5 cycle to 1 minute.• Random or repetitive variations in the RMS voltage
between 90 and 110% of nominal • Abrupt, very brief increases in voltage, called "spikes",
"impulses", or "surges",
POWER QUALITY ISSUES
• Under voltage or Voltage drop occurs when the nominal voltage drops below 90% for more than 1 minute.
• "Overvoltage" occurs when the nominal voltage rises above 110% for more than 1 minute.
• Variations in the frequency.• Variations in the wave shape – usually described
as harmonics.
POWER QUALITY ISSUES CONTD…
• Nonzero low-frequency impedance (when a load draws more power, the voltage drops).
• Nonzero high-frequency impedance (when a load demands a large amount of current, then stops demanding it suddenly, there will be a dip or spike in the voltage due to the inductances in the power supply line).
POWER QUALITY ISSUES CONTD…
THESE POWER QUALITY ISSUES CAN SOMETIMES BE DEADLY EVEN
POWER QUALITY ISSUES ARE THE MAJOR CAUSE FOR ELECTRICAL SHORT CIRCUITS WHICH RESULTS IN FIRE HAZARDS
STAY SAFE FROM ALL POSSIBLE
ELECTRICAL FIRE HAZARDS
FIRST :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW WHETHER YOUR
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM IS FREE OF ANY POWER
QUALITY ISSUES
SECOND :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW TYPE OF POWER QUALITY ISSUES EXISTING IN THE
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
THIRD :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW LEVEL OF POWER QUALITY ISSUES EXISTING IN THE
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
FOURTH :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW DAMAGES THESE POWER QUALITY ISSUES CAN DO
TO YOUR ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
FIFTH :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW SOLUTIONS FOR THOSE POWER QUALITY ISSUES
EXISTING IN THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
SIXTH :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW WHERE TO LOOK FOR THOSE SOLUTIONS OF
POWER QUALITY ISSUES EXISTING IN THE
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
SEVENTH :
IT’S IMPORTANT TO KNOW HOW TO LOOK FOR
SOLUTIONS OF POWER QUALITY ISSUES EXISTING
IN THE ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
