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Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty – Environment Mainstreaming into the Local Development Planning
Process
UNDP and UNEP Poverty and Environment Initiative in Tajikistan
(May 2010 – December 2012)
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Land degradation97 % of agricultural lands (only 7% of the territory of RT) affected by soil erosion, salinization, poor irrigation, and deforestation (only 3% of forest coverage out of 10%)
Food security and income for 70% of population
Unreliable energy supply
1 million people experience electricity cuts during the winter with no heating alternative relying on firewood, dung and coal
Access to water, sanitation, irrigation, health services, income generating activities
Disaster risks
The country suffers on average nearly 500 disasters per year, which cause widespread damage to communities and social infrastructure
4.8% of gross domestic product
Key poverty-environment issues
Climate Change -Sectors affected are water management, irrigated agriculture (consuming 94% of water), and energy (98% of the national energy is produced by the hydropower plants). Disaster risks increase due to floods.
Poverty and Environment Presentation
OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT:
Enhanced capacity of government and other stakeholders to integrate environmental sustainability into pro-poor national and sub-national development planning and budgeting
Output 1:Information and Knowledge Base for P-E Mainstreaming
Developed
Output 2:P-E Linkages Integrated in District Development Plans (Sughd oblast)
Output 3:Capacity for implementing
poverty-environment sensitive sub-national plans
increased
Level of understanding P-E links increased Officially approved DD
planning process supports P-E mainstreaming
Environmental sustainability identified as priority in DDPs
and their implementation measures
P-E aspect reflected in the process of providing extension
and financial services
Pilot projects demonstrating P-E links at local level
implemented DDPs’ budget allocation for
P-E measures increased
Capacity for integrating P-E in national planning, monitoring
and budgeting improved
P-E links better reflected in the next national strategy and its
budget
Understanding on P-E links among extension and financial services providers improved
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Cross-cutting elements in the poverty-environment mainstreaming
Awareness raising
Public participation
Transparency and accountability
Consideration of gender, climate change, and disaster reduction
Integrated planning
Capacity development
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Results of DDP process up to date•For the first time in Sughd Region DDPs for all 14 districts have been developed in 2011 in the framework of RGP (UNDP, GIZ, MEDT) for 2011-2015•Approved by the district level parliament representatives•Submitted to provincial level for funding allocation and to national – for approval •Social Economic planning previously did not refer to environment issues with the linkage to poverty – it does now•Understanding and support on the need of PE mainstreaming in planning and implementation of programs and projects among local authorities, different organizations, and population•Over a short time span through the tools used the foundation is laid for national up-scaling of PE
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Institutions and groups of people involved into Development Planning Process with TA from RGP (UNDP, GIZ, IOM, AKDN) and PEI (UNEP-UNDP)
Working Group– consisted of sub-groups for
1. Economic sector
2. Social sector
3. Infrastructure Sector
4. Environment Sector
Structure of the Environment Initiative Group (EIG) chaired by Environment Committee of the District- Government authorities from the departments on land, water, communal services, agriculture
- Industrial companies
- Heads of Farms
- Non-profit organizations
- Women organizations
- Businesses
Ministry of Economic Development and Trade
Committee on Environment Protection RT
Statistics Agency RT
WG on Sughd Region Level
(4 sub-sectors)
WG on District Level
(4 sub-sectors)
WG on Djamoat Level
(4 sub-sectors)
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
EIGs and women involved into the process
10
9
10
11
5
12 12
11
10
15
10
5
8
7
8
2
16
8
0
2 2
3
4
2
3
4
J. Rasulov Isfara Konibodom B.Gafurov Asht Gonchi Zafarabad Mastchoh Spitamen Istaravshan Shahriston Kuhistoni Mastchoh
Ayni Panjakent
Number of people in an Environment Initiative Group
Women from all subgroups participated in the sessions
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Review of current situation
District/Jamoat vision
Sectoral Analysis
Monitoring and evaluation system
Entry Point 1-Review of Current Situation
Entry Point 3- Screening and Environmental Impact Assessment
Provision of resources for development program implementation
Entry Point 2- Objective setting and Environmental Overview
Entry Point 4- Poverty- Environment Indicators
Key Entry Points for Environmental MainstreamingSections of Draft DDP Guideline
Stages of PE mainstreaming into DDP methodology and each DDP
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
•Review of Current Situation
DDP Entry Point
•Screen existing situation for critical environmental issues in the concerned district
Action
•Questions checklist with sections on :
•environment assets and problems
•climate change, disaster risk
•environment education
•Industry, land and water resources, forests
Tools
•Dj. Rasulov district Plan: The environmental section (pp. 44-47) focuses on disasters and environmental threats such as land degradation, water treatment and sewage systems, solid waste management and carbon emissions.
Example of PE issues in the review
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Review of current situation – problems identified in 14 districts
1
2
2
3
3
5
8
9
10
12
12
14
radioactive waste management
High level of ground waters
land salinization
industrial and toxic waste
Sewerage
land degradation
solid waste management
degradation of forest belts and resources
Access to drinking
Access to irrigation water
prone to disasters
climate change
Number of Districts
Number of Districts
Poverty and Environment Presentation
•Objective Setting and Environment Overview
DDP Entry Point
•Devise a set of environmental objectives for District & Review the objectives of other sector working groups in the District for environmental consequences
Action
•SWOT, Problem tree, Objective tree, Option Analysis; question checklist for other sector working groups
Tools
•Logical framework (p. 47) is dedicated to re-building water infrastructure and waste management-an indication that these areas have been prioritized.
Example of PE objective setting
•PE in Agriculture section (p. 14): land irrigation (p. 19), soil erosion, and related problems such as water delivery systems, soil salinity and flooding.
•PE in Industry section : remarks that an assessment is needed to understand the environmental impact of industry on the environment.
•PE in Infrastructure section: access to potable water is addressed as a serious problem, noting "only 37.6 percent of population in Jabbor Rasulov district [has] access to drinking water, (p.41)."
Example of EIG comments included to other sectors
-
•60% of DDPs totally integrate PE recommendations to the relevant sectors
•40% of DDPs have a separate environment chapter in addition to including the comments into other sectors
Results of Environment Overview
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
UNDP-UNEP Poverty- Environment Initiative
•Project Proposals Screening
DDP Entry Point
•Project proposal writing and screening District projects from all the sectors
•Done by Sector Working Groups/EIG, then Trust Fund Committee
Action
•Trust Fund piloted under RGP with the Sughd Khukumat
•Project Proposal Template
•Environmental screening checklist
•Environment Criteria
Tools
•Lack of negative impact of the project on condition of air, water, soil ecosystems and biodiversity (or availability of measures aimed at mitigation of negative impact)
•Project capacity to develop and protect natural resources (including renewable ones)
Examples of Environment
Criteria
•Supporting communal services private enterprise (garbage collection and recycling)
•Energy Efficient greenhouses
•Increasing access to irrigation water with the drainage cleaning mechanism
•Energy efficient lemon growing greenhouse in the high radiation zones
•Preserving forests protected by the Society of Hunters and Fishermen
Examples of Project Ideas
•60 project proposals from other sectors are screened for environment impact and given recommendations on sustainable use of natural resources
•90% of the projects have an impact on environment and will need to go through expertise
Results of screening
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty Environment Indicators in DDPs and electronically• % of saline lands• % of wetlands• % of land area at risk of soil erosion or desertification• % of lands with unsatisfactory irrigation
AGRICULTURE
• Number of hospitals including hospitals with a sewage system• Proportion of hospitals with adequate waste management system.• Number of hospitals with medical waste management equipmentHEALTH
• % of population with access to drinking water sources in urban areas• % of population with access to drinking water sources in rural areas• % of people with sustainable access to an improved water source, urban and rural• Not changed as was good enough
INFRASTRUCTURE
• No data collected on environment compliance• Number of companies with environment management plans• Number of industrial companies with ecological passports
INDUSTRY• % change in expenditures invested in the environment• Budget expenditures for environment protection• Needs to be worked on further to identify the environment protection in other
sectors
ECONOMY
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Overall Results of DDP process – based on the above stages
Issues of poverty and environment linkages mainstreamed into DDPs of 14 districts
and 65 djamoats
The projects in DDPs with environment sustainability focus
Measurable on-the-ground pro-poor environmental outcomes
Capacity building provided 790 people (10X14+10X65) in Sughd region
who are able to consult specifically on PE mainstreaming experience
Future oblast and district practices and priorities in Sughd to include pro- poor environmental management
and other districts nationwide
Awareness raised on the PE issues in planning
Public Hearings practice is introduced
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Overall Results of DDP process
• PEI’s contribution to the methodology
Inclusion of PE considerations across all sectors
District environment departments included in the DDP working groups
The foundation is laid for ensuring PE inclusion in DDPs across Tajikistan
Inclusion of PE approaches in the curriculum of the Institute for Civil Servant Training is underway
Facilitate National coverage of the PEI experience
Inclusion of PE relevant district development indicators across sectors by the National Statistics Agency
PEI is likely to influence the indicator set for the Poverty Reduction Strategy 3 based on the work done with National Statistics Agency on the district level
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Lessons Learned For effective development of socio-economic planning on the sub-national
level poverty-environment issues need to be considered and addressed early in the development process
Low environment awareness and knowledge base of the authorities and population effects PE mainstreaming into planning and budgeting
Development plans can help in the long term economic growth when considering sustainable environment management
Sub national development plans can be an entry point to demonstrate the value of mainstreaming PE concerns into planning processes
The timing of PEI Tajikistan to be implemented in parallel and collaboration with the Rural Growth Programme has enabled PEI with its limited resources to effectively influence the process
Quite complicated process due to multi-stakeholder participation but effective due to the same reason
The process is important – methodology itself without capacity building might not bring the same results
UNDP-UNEP Poverty- Environment Initiative
Poverty and Environment Presentation
And much more to add, welcome to PEITajikistan
Poverty and Environment Presentation
PEI TJ acknowledges the support from
Poverty and Environment Presentation
Thank you! Zulfira Pulatova
PEI National Project Manager in Tajikistane-mail: [email protected]
www.unpei.org