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If you are tired of copy/pasting bits of PHP in your layouts by trial and error, here is your chance to learn what those bits of PHP mean. This talk explains the PHP code found in layouts and templates: what it does, how you can change it, and what to watch out for. Intended for those who know HTML but don’t know what all those dollar signs and arrows are doing. And if you are a code guru, it's your chance to learn about layouts. We’ll start by briefly going over the basics of PHP, then move on to looking at the actual code in various layouts to illustrate what is being done. We’ll end by making changes and additions to the coding and seeing how that changes what you see on the sceen. If you want to learn more about PHP, see the book "PHP and MySQL, 24-Hour Trainer".
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PHP for HTML GurusAndrea TarrTarr ConsultingJ and Beyond 2012
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Outline• PHP Basics• Explanation of
actual code in templates & layouts• Changing code
and seeing it in action• Book give away
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PHP Basics• Get in and out of PHP with <?php ?>• End each statement with a semi-colon<?php
$first_name = 'Andrea';$last_name = 'Tarr';
?>
• Whitespace is irrelevant<?php $first_name='Andrea';$last_name='Tarr';?>
• Omit any final ?> at the end of a file3
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Comments• Single line comments// This is a single line comment$language = 'PHP'; // End of line comment// Multiple lines of single comments// can be done by repeating the slashes
• Multiple line comments/* With this type of comment you canstart a comment on one line and endit on an other line */
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Variables• Used to store information that can change• Start with a $• Assign a value with =• Use single ('') or double ("") quotes for text• You need to assign a value before you can use the
variable• Use echo to display a value• Use a dot (.) to join items together
$first_name = 'Andrea';$last_name = 'Tarr';echo $first_name . ' ' . $last_name;
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$Variable Types• String Text: Andrea• Numbers: 42• Logical: True/False, 1/0• Array: An array is a list, either indexed or named• [0]=>Sun, [1]=>Mon, [2]=>Tue, [3]=>Wed• Name=>Joomla, Version=>2.5, • You can nest arrays
• Object: We'll come back to Object shortly
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Functions()• Functions perform an action• You recognize a function by the ()• You can pass information to the function in the ()$full_name = ' Andrea Tarr ';echo trim($full_name);
• This results in Andrea Tarr
• You can pass a function to a functionecho strtoupper(trim($full_name);
• This results in ANDREA TARR7
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CONSTANTS• Constants are assigned once and don't change• No $• Usually in ALL CAPSdefine('SITENAME', 'My Site');echo SITENAME;
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Objects• Think of an object as a named array plus functions• Properties are variables• Functions are also called methods
Examples:• $item->title contains the title• $item->introtext contains the intro text• $params->get('show_modify_date')
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Classes• Classes are the blueprints that are used to create
objects• You can use the classes directly without creating
an object
Examples:• JText::_('COM_CONTENT_READ_MORE');• JHtml::_('string.truncate', ($this->item->title),
$params->get('readmore_limit'))
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Making Decisions: if/else• Example 1if ($sum > 10) :
// do something when greater than 10else :
// do something when 10 or lessendif;
• Example 2if ($errors) :
// do something when there are errorsendif;
• You can also nest if statements
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Comparison Operators
12Don't use = to compare!
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One Line If Statement• Normal wayif ($gender == 'M') :
echo 'Man';else :
echo 'Woman';endif;
• One line versionecho ($gender == 'M') ? 'Man' : 'Woman';
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Alternative Syntax• Alternative Syntax used when mixing with HTMLif ($sum > 10) :
// do something when greater than 10else :
// do something when 10 or lessendif;
• Normal syntax with curly bracesif ($sum > 10) {
// do something when greater than 10} else {
// do something when 10 or less}
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Looping• While• Repeats while a condition is true
• Do/While• Does it at least once then repeats while true
• For• Loops a given number of times
• Foreach• Repeats the code for each element in an array or
object
• Jumping out early• Continue
• Jump to the next iteration
• Break• Jump out of the loop
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Template index.php file• Template Parameters• Conditional Stylesheets• Conditional Positions• One Line If Statement
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$color = $this->params->get('templatecolor');
<link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template; ?>/css/<?php echo htmlspecialchars($color); ?>.css" type="text/css" />
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/localhost/jc/templates/beez_20/css/personal.css" type="text/css" />
Template Parameters
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Conditional Stylesheets<?php if ($this->direction == 'rtl') : ?> <link rel="stylesheet" href="<?php echo $this->baseurl ?>/templates/<?php echo $this->template; ?>/css/template_rtl.css" type="text/css" /><?php endif; ?>
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Conditional Positions<?php if ($this->countModules('position-12')): ?><div id="top"> <jdoc:include type="modules" name="position-12" /></div><?php endif; ?>
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$showRightColumn = ($this->countModules('position-3') OR$this->countModules('position-6') OR$this->countModules('position-8'));
<div id="<?php echo $showRightColumn ? 'contentarea2' : 'contentarea';?>">
If there are right modules: <div id="contentarea2">If there aren't: <div id="contentarea">
One Line If Statement
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Module Layout • Latest Articles• mod_articles_latest/tmpl/default.php
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Latest Articles
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Latest News default.php
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var_dump()
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Object $item
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Object $item
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Object $item – Page 2
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Object $item – Page 3
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Object $item – Page 4
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Object $item – Page 5
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Object $item – Page 6
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Add information
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List with intro text
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Questions?
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Book Give Away
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