Operational Realities of a Large Office & Research Campus Microgrids

Operational Realities of a Large Office/Research Campus Microgrid

Phil SmithMarch 14, 2013

Honeywell.com

2 Copyright 2013 © Honeywell International Inc.

All rights reserved.

Case Study - White Oak Microgrid

• GSA/FDA White Oak Overview• Keys to Success

– Partnership

– Innovation

– Reliability

– Flexibility

– Value

• Procurement

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White Oak Microgrid

Definition White Oak FDA Microgrid

Local Power Generation • 26MW power supply (currently being expanded to 55MW to handle the installation’s peak load)

• Leverage waste heat (CHP) to condition buildings

• Puts more power on the grid than it takes off

Co-exist with the utility • Works in parallel with Pepco under a three-party Interconnect Agreement.

• Participate in demand response events• Utilize spinning reserve to maintain energy

surety

Can operate totally independent of utility grid (islanding capability)

Operate mission critical functions independent of Pepco, enabling FDA to continue operations regardless of what happens outside the campus

Ability to manage and control your local load • Match load to supply•Ability to make power purchase decisions

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FDA White Oak Challenge

Mission: •Campus integrates FDA’s functions to increase scientific synergy and collaboration. • Protect consumers from unsafe products, address threats before they arise, and help deliver safer foods and safer, more effective medical therapies.

Requires an islanded microgrid to meet GSA/FDA

requirements

Requires an islanded microgrid to meet GSA/FDA

requirements

Needs:• Energy Security • Energy Surety• Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy

Mandates• Ability to expand as campus expands

Challenges:• Budget constraints (New Construction

ESPC)• Ability to balance sometimes conflicting

needs• Aging utility infrastructure

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ESPC I & II Major Physical Features

• 27,000 Square Foot Central Plant• Electrical Generation

– One – 5.8 MW reciprocating engine (dual fuel)– Four - 4.5 MW turbine-generators (nat. gas only)– One - 2.0 MW diesel black-start generator

• Chilled Water– Two – 1,100 Ton Absorption Chillers– Centrifugals (2 @ 1,100 tons + 3 @ 2,000 tons)

• Dual-fuel Hot Water Back-up Boilers– Three – 10 MMBtu/Hr (one 25 KPPH)

• 25KW Fixed & 5KW Tracking PV Array

Master Plan Square Footage Campus Population

1997 2,100,000 6,000

2006 3,200,000 7,500

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ESPC III – Major Physical Features

• 57,000 Square Foot Central Plant• Electrical Generation

– Two - 7.5 MW turbine-generators (dual fuel)– One - 4.5 MW turbine-generator (natural gas only)– One - 5 MW steam turbine-generator– Two - 2.25 MW diesel black-start generators

• Chilled Water (3 @ 2,500 tons + 1 relocated)• Thermal Energy Storage (2 million gal)• Heat Recovery Steam Generators (132,000 lbh)• Dual-fuel Steam Back-up Boiler (one 25 KPPH)• Heating Hot Water Converters (112 MMBTUH)

Master Plan Square Footage Campus Population

2009 3,900,000 9,000

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Optimization – Key to Success

Additional Value:

•Expanded Auto Load Shed Scheme•Additional Dual-fuel Generation Assets•Combined Heat and Power – maximizing BTUs•Interconnect agreements with the utility

Honeywell, GSA and FDA work together to operate the facility in the best interest of the Government.

Honeywell, GSA and FDA work together to operate the facility in the best interest of the Government.

Initial Strategy

Near continuous operation of engine-generator

Current Operations

Real-time “make or buy” decision based upon cost of natural gas, electric tariff, campus loads vs. engine & cogeneration efficiencies

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White Oak: Collaboration of Major Stakeholders

Department of Energy (DOE)

IN ASSOCIATION WITHIN ASSOCIATION WITH

Honeywell assists GSA in dealings with Pepco & the Regulatory Community

Honeywell assists GSA in dealings with Pepco & the Regulatory Community

Developer/Host

Tenant

Federal Client IN ASSOCIATION WITH

Campus A-E Designers

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Innovative ECMs

Instituted capability to participate in Pepco Gold Days putting power back on the grid when requested.Eliminated peak load charges as well.

Automated Demand Response

(Auto DR)

Quantified above standard efficiency in new buildings, purchased equipment and provided funding.

Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

Waste heat utilized to heat/cool buildings. More BTUs for every KW.

BiofuelsAdding capability to use biofuels for fuel flexibility for energy

security and increasing options if natural gas prices increase.

Lowered total energy consumption through both innovative and traditional ECMs throughout the entire

campus.

Lowered total energy consumption through both innovative and traditional ECMs throughout the entire

campus.

Chilled Water Thermal Energy

Storage

Water supply was single point of failure – needed to keep cooling towers operational. Chilled Water Storage connected to towers

mitigating risk.

New Construction

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Reliability Enhancements

Electricity Produced Blue -CUP generators

Red - photovoltaic arrays

MW

hrs

• Utility Service Enhancements– Physical and Functional Separation of Utility Generation Systems– Electrical Bus Ties between Central Utility Plants (CUP) 1 and 2– Dual Distribution Loop for redundancy

• Two additional Black Start Generators• CUP and Building Level Load Shed• Thermal Energy Storage

– Electrical load shed of chillers– Backup water supply

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Reliability Metrics

Uptime over the last 12 months is > 99.999%.

Redundancy provided for all critical systems.

Islanded, either automatically or manually, 47 times over the past 18 months. Operations have not been interrupted for any weather related events.

On a yearly basis more power is supplied to Pepco than Pepco supplies to the White Oak Campus.

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The Benefits

• Annual Energy Savings– Current: 640,000 MMBtu– Under Construction: 275,000 MMBtu

• Pollution Prevention (annual)

– Current: 50,000 metric tons CO2-equivalent

– Under Construction: 22,000 metric tons CO2-equivalent

• Co-Generation reduces GSA NCR Demand– Response during “Gold Days” (approximately 22

MW currently; nearly 33 MWpost-ESPC III Base)

• Rainwater Harvesting – Makeup water for cooling towers

30% Reduction from Baseline

Equivalent to 15,000 Cars Removed from

Road

$3M in Demand Savings and

Program Participation

Good water stewardship

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Summary of Benefits

• Reduced first-cost to Government • Reduced recurring costs to Government • More energy efficient campus • Fixed accountability for systems performance • Flexibility to meet evolving program requirements • Adaptive re-use of historic structures • Demand response capability ($ to GSA)• Ability to continue mission independent of the grid • Enhanced Energy Security

Technology

Operational Realities of a Large Office & Research Campus Microgrids