Open Collaboration and Innovation

Open Innovation and CollaborationDr. Erich RuetscheBusiness DevelopmentIBM Research - Zurich

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© 2011 IBM Corporation

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Isolated Research

Joint Projects

Radical Collaboration

’50s — ’90s’90s — ’00s

’00s …

IBM Divisions, Clients, Universities

In-world Research,Smarter Planet Research

Hardware+ Software & Services

+ Smarter Planet

The Eras of IBM Research: “The World Is Now Our Lab”

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1970s 1980s 1990s 2000s

Corporate Funded

Client Engagements

Joint Programs

Business & Societal Challenges

Hardware

Software

Services

Evolution of IBM Research

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5© 2011 IBM Corporation

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Government

Industry

Academia


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Advancing _ Information _ Security _ Since _ 2003_

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Zurich _ Information _ Security _ Center_

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ETH Zurich _ armasuisse _ IBM _ Credit Suisse _

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2009

Milestones of a Partnership with ETH Zürich

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IBM Press Release

Intelligent use of heat emissions in data centers of the future

Hannover, Germany, Rüschlikon, Switzerland, 3 March 2008 — At the CeBIT 2008 tradefair scientists from IBM's (NYSE: IBM) Zurich

Research Laboratory will present for the first time a pioneering concept of a zero carbon emission data center achieved by the direct reuse

of waste heat. The first prototype is not only extremely energy-efficient, but allows three-quarters of the IT operating energy to be

redirected to such uses as to heat buildings. This is environmentally friendly and lowers overall operating costs. A powerful new kind of

water cooling system embedded on the chip is the basis of this innovation.

Challenges in the IT industry

Energy is an indispensable yet increasingly precious resource. At the same time, it poses a challenge to the IT industry. According to Gartner Group

analysts, the information and communications industry accounts for about 2% of global carbon dioxide emissions, which is equal to that generated

by air traffic the world over. The US-based Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory confirms that the worldwide energy consumption of data

centers amounts to some 120 billion KWh, roughly equivalent to 14 typical power plants of 1000 megawatts each. This energy is used to operate the

data centers around the world that constitute the backbone of our service economy.

And the energy consumption of data centers is increasing. Companies currently spend between 25 and 50% of their total IT budget on data center

operations. Indeed, data centers have developed into oversized electrical heating systems. But until now, it has not been possible to channel this

energy to serve as a direct supply of heat. Instead, this waste heat is simply dissipated into the environment, meaning that huge potential savings are

not being realized.

Technological solution from IBM Research - Zurich

Scientists at the IBM Research Laboratory in Zurich now want to change this. At the CeBIT 2008 tradefair in Hannover, Germany, they will present

for the first time the pioneering concept of a highly energy-efficient data center that achieves a zero carbon footprint by directly reusing its waste

heat. The researchers have designed an innovative energy and cooling circuit, the basis of which is a new kind of water-cooling system that is

applied where cooling is needed the most — directly on the chip.

The goal of the zero-emission data center model is to reuse heat generated by the chip for heating buildings, swimming pools etc. or simply for

conducting the heat into a municipal heating network. However, the most important requirement for the direct use of heat is that the temperature of

the waste heat be above a certain threshold, which, for modern municipal heating networks, is about 50 °C.

To accomplish this, IBM researchers used water, which can conduct heat 4000 times better than air. This alone has an enormous energy-saving

potential. But integrating water cooling on the chip, researchers were able to improve the cooling efficiency by several orders of magnitude.

CeBIT 2008 Prototype

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IBM Press Release

IBM and ETH Zurich unveil plan to build new kind

of water-cooled supercomputer

Direct reuse of waste heat. Aims to cut energy consumption by 40% and carbon-dioxide emissions by up to 85%

Zurich, Switzerland, June 23, 2009—In an effort to achieve energy-aware computing, the Swiss Federal

Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH), and IBM (NYSE: IBM) today announced plans to build a first-of-a-

kind water-cooled supercomputer that will directly repurpose excess heat for the university buildings. The

innovative system, dubbed Aquasar, is expected to decrease the carbon footprint of the system by up to

85% and estimated to save up to 30 tons of CO2 per year, compared to a similar system using today’s

cooling technologies.1

Making computing systems and data centers energy-efficient is a staggering undertaking. In fact, up to 50%

percent of an average air-cooled data center’s carbon footprint or energy consumption today is not caused by

computing but by powering the necessary cooling systems to keep the processors from overheating—a situation

that is far from optimal when looking at energy efficiency from a holistic perspective.

“Energy is arguably the number one challenge humanity will be facing in the 21st century. We cannot afford

anymore to design computer systems based on the criterion of computational speed and performance alone,”

explains Prof. Dr. Poulikakos of ETH Zurich, head of the Laboratory of Thermodynamics in Emerging

Technologies and lead investigator of this interdisciplinary project. “The new target must be high performance

and low net power consumption supercomputers and data centers. This means liquid cooling.”

With an innovative water-cooling system and direct heat reuse, Aquasar—the new supercomputer, which will be

located at the ETH Zurich and is planned to start operation in 2010, will reduce overall energy consumption by

40%. The system is based on long-term joint research collaboration of ETH and IBM scientists in the field of

chip-level water-cooling, as well as on a concept for “water-cooled data centers with direct energy re-use”

advanced by scientists at IBM’s Zurich Lab.

The water-cooled supercomputer will consist of two IBM BladeCenter® servers in one rack and will have a peak

performance of about 10 Teraflops.2

Each of the blades will be equipped with a microscale high-performance liquid cooler per processor, as well as

input and output pipeline networks and connections, which allow each blade to be connected and disconnected

easily to the entire system (see image).

Water as a coolant has the ability to capture heat about 4,000 times more efficiently than air, and its heat-

transporting properties are also far superior. Chip-level cooling with a water temperature of approximately 60°C

is sufficient to keep the chip at operating temperatures well below the maximally allowed 85°C. The high input

temperature of the coolant results in an even higher-grade heat as an output, which in this case will be about

Collaboration with ETH in 2009 (FOAK)

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SuperMUC at Leibniz-Rechenzentrum 2012

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10 © 2011 IBM Corporation10

EKZ and Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW)One Click EV Charging



University of Aberdeen Molecular structure determination using AFM

TOTAL SYNTHESISFour of a kind

OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION Better through blocking

WATER-OXIDATION CATALYSISNanotubes provide stability

Single-molecule mug shot

OCTOBER 2010 VOL 2 NO 10www.nature.com/naturechemistry

nchem cover Oct 2010.indd 1 7/9/10 13:52:16



EPFLEliminating Power Consumption in Standby Mode

© 2011 IBM Corporation13

© 2011 IBM Corporation13

Cores: the cores are no longer side by side, but stacked vertically

Channels: as thin as a human hair, the channels fill with the coolant liquid and traverse the 3D chip to maintain an operating temperature

EPFL and ETH ZurichTomorrow’s 3D Microchips: Less Energy, Less Heat


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