OPAL-RT RT14 Conference: HIL testing of protection relays using HYPERSIM

The 7th International Conferenceon Real-Time Simulation TechnologiesMontreal | 9-12 June, 2014

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Workshops on Hardware-in-the-Loop Testing of Protection Relays using HYPERSIM

Bouna Cisse, P.E., [email protected]

Jean-Philippe Gagnon, [email protected]

Derek [email protected]


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• Introduction to HIL Testing of Protection Relays and the use of HYPERSIM

• About GENTEC and the ALP Series Protection Relays

• HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results

• About ALSTOM Grid and the P476 Busbar Differential Protection Relay

• HIL Testing of P476 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results

• Conclusions

Overview of the Workshops

Testing Protection Relays using HYPERSIM


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Introduction to HIL Testing of Protection Relays and the use of HYPERSIM



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• Microprocessor-based relays evolved with an exponential complexity.

• The devices are then difficult to understand, especially when the user did not experience the electromechanical relay principles.

• Adaptation is needed with the aggressive advances of technology.

• Real time digital simulators such as HYPERSIM can then play a big role in the development of protection schemes. It is an essential tool for the homologation of microprocessor relays.

• Real Time Simulators are also very helpful to train new hires in the protective relaying field.

• The model-driven approach, including IEC61850, is an innovative approach that requires a new way of thinking about substation automation.

Introduction



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• Increased confidence in the products to be tested.

• Witness IED compliance to the vendors defined specifications

• Real Time simulators can help relay vendors and designers to improve their devices

• Different markets and customer require dynamic witness testing performed as part of homologations

• More complex distribution networks due to distributed generation and Smart Grid

• New power system phenomena

• New algorithms to meet system and custmer evolving requirements

Why testing a relay?



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• Testing of Control and protection Relays

• Possibilities of Interconnections Commissioning

• Operating Strategies

• Allow to Optimize your relays settings

• Usefull for Maintenance and Training purpose

• New Concept for Validation

Why testing a relay?



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•Transformer Current sizing

•Possibilities of Interconnections Commissioning

•Series Compensation transmission line effects on

relays

• Is your relay behaving correctly near FACTs?

•Test Your protection phylosophy with HIL

Testing a relay for



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Relay under testOmicron, Megger, Doble test sets

Replay offline simulation

Recorded data from field Limitations• Open loop• Fixed V/I and ramp up• No data alteration/loss

This is a good and proven method for most “traditional” and “easy” cases

The Traditional Relay Testing Approach…


http://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8W_8t3wRxnm2sM&tbnid=A7n8GT-qH0jeQM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://emtprv.blogfa.com/post/6&ei=rthpUs-JN8SqkQfIk4DYAQ&psig=AFQjCNGq9_NVLPCTTtwEDgUb0DnfyQNCXA&ust=1382754822709106

http://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=8W_8t3wRxnm2sM&tbnid=A7n8GT-qH0jeQM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://emtprv.blogfa.com/post/6&ei=rthpUs-JN8SqkQfIk4DYAQ&psig=AFQjCNGq9_NVLPCTTtwEDgUb0DnfyQNCXA&ust=1382754822709106


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About HYPERSIM

• Real-Time Power System Simulator developed by Hydro-Québec for Electro-Magnetic Transient studies (EMT)

• Originally and currently used by Hydro-Quebec for HIL testing of all critical controls connected to its power system• HVDCs, SVCs, Protection relays, PSS, etc…

• Used for off-line simulation, in complement of traditional tools, for fast-simulation of complex network…• Example: Detailed Wind Power Plant detailed simulation



1010

Hardware-in-the-Loop testing at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs…

1996

Analog simulator

(TNA)

2014

HYPERSIM

Digital simulator

« HYPERSIM gathers more

than 30 years of experience in

Real-time Power System simulation »www.sgi.com



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Hardware-in-the-Loop testing of HVDC controls at Hydro-Quebec simulation labs…

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HVDC Controller replica

Simulator Inputs/Outputs

HYPERSIM Parallel Supercomputer

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1

3

2

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www.sgi.com « Challenging power system requires

powerful and flexible simulation tools… »



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OPAL-RT & IREQ Collaboration• In 2012, OPAL-RT and IREQ signed a strategic collaboration

agreement for the shared commercialization and development of HYPERSIM


HYPERSIM

OP4500 4-CoreUp to 225 Nodes at 50us

(75x 3Ø Buses)

OP5600 12-CoreUp to 900 nodes at 50us

(300x 3Ø Buses)

UV200032 to 2048 Cores

More than 24 000 nodes at50us(8000x 3Ø Buses)

OP5600 32-CoreUp to 3000 nodes at50us

(1000x 3Ø Buses)


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Some Features ofHYPERSIM

CT , PT models Virtual IED and relay library

Generator, transfo, line, motor, load


Apparatus internal fault


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Interface with Simulink controls

Broad spectrum of drivers and protocols

DNP3 C37.118 61850

MMS OPC

IRIG-B 1588 UserUser

Some Features ofHYPERSIM


TestViewScripts and macrosPlay back recorded data from fieldPerform Monte Carlo analysisGenerate reports automatically

ScopeView Analysis


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Relay under test

Real-Time Simulator

Real-time simulators are used by advanced testing laboratories for complex cases and developing/testing new relay algorithms using new technologies…

Advantages• Closed loop• Detailed EMT simulation• Complex protection schemes• See effect of the relay on grid

HIL-Testing of Protection Relays



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About GENTEC and the ALP Series Protection Relays



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HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results



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Power System Model

HIL Testing of ALP 4000 Relay with HYPERSIM

Ideal CT 1(breaker current)

Ideal CT 2(breaker current)

HYPERSIM Real-Time Simulator

West Side East Side


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HIL WITH REAL TIME SIMULATOR


To reduce:

• Equipment damage

• Interruption of power

To improve:

• Power Quality

• Safety for all


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Application : Standard HIL Testbench


www.omicron.at


HYPERSIMPower System Model

ALP 4000 Relay Current Amplifier(s)(Bushing CT Emulator)

D/A16 Vpeak

6 phaseCT currents

0-25 AAC current

Breaker Trip signalsDigital24 Vdc


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Application : Prototype testing without power modules




ALP 4000 Relay

D/A16 Vpeak

6 phaseCT currents

Breaker TripSignals

Digital24 Vdc


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Transformer Differential Relay Settings


Restraint Current (p.u.)

Operation Current (p.u.)

NO TRIP

TRIP WITH RESTRAINT

TRIP WITH NO RESTRAINT Relay Settings:OPmax = 10 p.u.OPmin = 0.3 p.u.Rx = 1 p.u.P1 = 25 %P2 = 55 %

Inrush Blocking:Ih2 / Ih1 = 5%Ih5 / Ih1 = 5%


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External Fault East Side – V, I and Breaker State



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External Fault East Side – Differential and Ih2



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FLUX

CURRENT

Primary CurrentSecondary Current

Actual Flux

Mag Current

Required Flux

ØSAT

0

010 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 M


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Internal Fault East Side – V, I and Breaker State



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Internal Fault East Side – Differential and Ih2



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Inrush West Side – V, I and Breaker State



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Inrush West Side – Differential and Ih2


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Inrush West Side (no Blocking) – V, I and Breaker State



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Inrush West Side (no Blocking) – Differential and Ih2



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About ALSTOM Grid and the P476 BusbarDifferential Protection Relay



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HIL Testing of P476 Relay with HYPERSIM : Testbench and Results



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• Bus are one of the most important component in a network

• Require speed

• Selectivity

• Stability

• High complexity for multiple busbars• increased costs for engineering and documentation

• increased wirin

Bus Protection Using The Simulator



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Busbar Protection Must Be:

• RELIABLE

• Failure to trip could cause widespread damage to the substation

• STABLE

• False tripping can cause widespread interruption of supplies to customers / possible power system instability

• DISCRIMINATING

• Should trip the minimum number of breakers to clear the fault

• FAST

• To limit damage and possible power system instability


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Busbar Faults Are Usually Permanent


Causes of Busbar Faults :

• Falling debris

• Insulation failures

• Circuit breaker failures

• Current transformer failures

• Isolators switchs operated on load or outside their ratings

• Safety earths left connected


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Power System Model

HIL Testing of P746 Relay with HYPERSIM


ZONE 1

ZONE 2


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Scheme Tested


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Non Conventional Cts


Two methods are commonly referred to:

Rogowski Coils

Optical CT`s


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THE IDEA OF THE TEST Optical link CMU to CVCOM

(proprietary protocol)

CVCOM

Optical link CMU to CVCOM

(IEC 60044-8 protocol)

P746 Relay


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Application : IEC-61850 HIL Testbench

HIL Testing of P746 Relay with HYPERSIM

HYPERSIMReal-Time Simulator


P746 Relay

Sampled ValuesBreaker CT Currents

MU

Merging Unit(s) & Brk IED(s)(Ethernet Adapter of Simulator)

GOOSE MessagesBreaker Status & Trip Signal

Station Bus

Ethernet Switch

Process Bus


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Zone 1 PHASE TO GRND INTERNAL


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PHASE TO GRND INTERNAL


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ZONE 1 THREE PHASE FAULT


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THREE PHASE FAULT INTERNAL ZONE 2


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Conclusions



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• Real Time simulator can be used for type testing by the relay manufacturer to prove some change made on the software or for quality control.

• As of today it can be done in a matter of day and repeated as many as we want.

As type of test can be very involving because use to take months

A pre-commissioning test can be perform using the same characteristics of a real network.

Dynamic testing allow to test the relay applying fault to determine timing of the relay.

HYPERSIM is a tool design by engineer for engineers, student and researchers.

Conclusions



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Questions ?

Thank you!


Technology

OPAL-RT RT14 Conference: HIL testing of protection relays using HYPERSIM