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Jawdat 2012 1
Networking Technology Transformation to
SDN and NFV Himawan Nugroho!
Compiled for PNUP Makassar and STIKOM Balikpapan!
Jawdat 2012 2
Jawdat 2012 3
The Internet
Jawdat 2012 4
The Way We Live, Work, Play and Learn
“The Internet is literally changing every aspect of our lives. Its impact is no longer confined to just business. The Internet is pervasive and its impact is being felt in the way people work, live, play and learn.”
John Chambers, Comdex Tradeshow 1999
Jawdat 2012 5
Jawdat 2012 6
By 2017, mobile data traffic per month will reach
11.2 EBs 13-fold growth
By 2017, there will be more than 10.3 billion total
mobile-ready devices
There will be more than 1.7
billion machine-to-
machine
By 2017, two-thirds of the
world’s mobile data traffic will be video
Source: Cisco Visual Networking Index 2012
World Has Finally Gone Mobile
Jawdat 2012 7
Network Transformation Driven by IP, Cloud, Video, Mobility and the Internet of Everything
IP Traffic
Global IP traffic will grow 3X to 1.4 zettabytes
annually by 2017
Cloud
Global cloud traffic will grow
6X by 2016
4G Mobile Adoption 4G will account
for 45% of global mobile
data traffic
Video
By 2017, the world will reach 3 trillion Internet video minutes
per month
M2M
Trillions of new “connected events” will
occur over IP networks
throughout the next decade
Jawdat 2012 8
TDM Era
§ TDM rigidity limits new services, forces architectural shift
§ Voice Centric
§ Defined by reliability
IP NGN Era
§ Commoditization of IP services plus high traffic growth limits profitability
§ Network migration to multi-service transport & a single protocol
§ Data Centric
§ Defined by convergence and scale
§ Move into an applications centric service environment
§ Take advantage of the shift from static connectivity to virtualized service creation
§ EPN becomes the flexible network fabric linking data centers with SP networks
§ Application centric
§ Defined as programmatic and dynamic
Edge
Access/ Agg
IP Core
DS0, DS1, DS3 Muxs
Frame Relay
X.25
SMDS
PSTN
QAM ISDN
ATM
Orchestrated with Self-service
App & Network Interaction
Well-known Programmatic Interfaces
Autonomic, with Control & Visibility
Open & Pluggable
Configurable
Apps Independent of Network
Command Line Interface
Managed
Proprietary
Managed
Configurable
Apps Independent of Network
Command Line Interface
Proprietary
EVOLVED PROGRAMMABLE NETWORK
IPv6
EVOLVED SERVICES PLATFORM
APPLICATIONS
Jawdat 2012 9
Service Orchestration
NFV SDN
SDN – Open and Programmable at all Layers Simplify / Reduce Complexity
NFV – Elastic Resource Capacity Reduce Total Costs Across all Services
Service Orchestration – Customized Delivery Automation / Accelerate Time to Revenue
BUSINESS AGILITY
OPERATIONAL SIMPLICITY
MONETIZATION ¥ £ € $
Jawdat 2012 10
Cisco’s Open Network Environment
Network APIs (REST) and Services Catalog
Orchestration Multi-Layer Control, Service Chaining and Policy Enforcement
Controllers, Collectors
onePK, OpenFlow, PCEP, Netconf/YANG, BGP-LS, GMPLS
nLight IP+Optical
Virtualized Infrastructure Programming and Managing of Virtual Resources
Physical Infrastructure Programming and Managing of Physical Resources
Network Function Virtualization Part of ESP and EPN (Network, Storage, Compute)
CRS ASR 9000 ASR 9XX
NCS2000
Virtual PE Virtualized IOS-XR VM Cisco nV
vGiLAN
VM
vFirewall
VM
vDPI
VM
vNAT
VM
vBNG
VM
vDDoS
VM
vSLB
VM
NCS4000 NCS6000
ME Series
Orchestration WAE Quantum PS
ESP Cloud Orchestration
Nexus
UCS
Cisco EPN System Architecture
Jawdat 2012 11
Software defined networking (SDN) is an approach to computer networking that allows network administrators
to manage network services through abstraction of lower-level functionality
What is SDN? (per Wikipedia definition)
Jawdat 2012 12
SDN
Jawdat 2012 13
Control and data plane reside within the physical device
Jawdat 2012 14
In SDN paradigm, not all processing happens inside the same device
Control Plane is separated from the physical device
Jawdat 2012 15
Stanford University – Clean Slate Project
“…explore what kind of Internet we would design if we were to start with a clean slate and 20-30 years of hindsight.”
http://cleanslate.stanford.edu/
Jawdat 2012 16
… Clean Slate led to the development of…
Jawdat 2012 17
OpenFlow
Software Defined
Networking
APIs
I2RS
BGP-LS
Virtual Overlays
PCEP
However, the important point to keep in mind that OpenFlow does not equal to SDN.
Jawdat 2012 18
OpenFlow is a communications protocol that gives access to the forwarding plane of a network switch or router over the network
What is Openflow? (per Wikipedia definition)
Jawdat 2012 19
• Controller – resides on a server and provides control plane function for the network
• OpenFlow Agent – resides on a network devices and fulfill requests from the Controller
• Northbound APIs – enable applications to interface with the Controller
• OpenFlow Protocol – the Layer 2 protocol that the Controller and Agents use to communicate
Jawdat 2012 20
Over the years… “Traditional” network paradigm has remained mostly intact…
Jawdat 2012 21
Something happened,
though, on July 23, 2012
that challenged the paradigm…
Jawdat 2012 22
$1.05 Billion Cash + $210 Million in stock
+
Jawdat 2012 23
“SDN” gained massive industry mindshare
Jawdat 2012 24
• Automation / Optimization • Scalable Multi-tenancy • Application Mobility
• Networking Research
• Monetizable Services, SLAs
• Optimized WAN Infrastructure
• Provisioning / Config. Mgmt
Separation of Control Plane and Data Plane Only Does Not Solve All the Issues!
Deep Programmability via SDN Controller & OpenFlow Switches
Deep Programmability
Provisionable Infrastructure
Provisionable Infrastructure Deep Programmability Network Overlays
Data Center: MSDC / SPDC / Cloud Research/Academia Service Provider WAN Enterprise
Jawdat 2012 25
“A platform for developing new control planes” “An open solution for VM
mobility in the Data-Center”
“An open solution for customized flow forwarding control in and between Data Centers”
“A means to do traffic engineering
without MPLS”
“A way to scale my
firewalls and load
balancers”
“A solution to build a very large scale layer-2 network”
“A way to build my own security/encryption solution”
“A way to reduce the CAPEX of my network
and leverage commodity switches”
“A way to optimize broadcast TV delivery by optimizing cache placement and
cache selection”
“A means to scale my fixed/mobile gateways and optimize
their placement”
“A solution to build virtual topologies with optimum
multicast forwarding behavior”
“A way to optimize link utilization in my network enhanced, application driven routing”
“A means to get assured quality of experience for
my cloud service offerings”
“A way to distribute policy/intent, e.g. for DDoS prevention, in the network” “A way to configure my entire network
as a whole rather than individual devices”
“A solution to get a global view of the network – topology and state”
“Develop solutions at software speeds: I don’t want to work with my network vendor or go
through lengthy standardization.”
Simplified Operations – Enhanced Agility – New Business Opportunities
“A solution to automated network configuration and control”
“We already have software driven network, is that what you mean by SDN?”
Jawdat 2012 26
Control Plane
Data Plane
Controller
Data Plane
Applications
Vendor-specific APIs
OpenFlow, PCEP, I2RS
2a Pure SDN
Vendor Specific (e.g. onePK)
Controller
Data Plane
Applications
Vendor-specific APIs
OpenFlow, PCEP, I2RS
Control Plane
2b Hybrid SDN
Applications
Virtual Switch Overlays
Overlay Protocols (e.g. VXLAN)
Vendor-specific APIs
3 Overlays Networks
Control Plane
Data Plane
Overlays
Vendor-specific APIs
Applications
1 Programmable APIs
Control Plane
Data Plane
Vendor Specific (e.g. onePK) Vendor
Specific (e.g. onePK)
CLI, SNMP, Netflow, …
Applications (Network Mgmt, Monitoring, …)
Jawdat 2012 27
Unique Data Forwarding Algorithm Highly Optimized for the Network Operator’s Application
ISR Pricing Route A Route B
$1
$2
$3
$1
$2
$3
2
3
App
1
Route A
oneP
K
Destination
Route B
Jawdat 2012 28
Jawdat 2012 29
Application Frameworks, Management Systems, Controllers, ...
Device
Forwarding
Control
Network Services
Orchestra8on
Management
“Protocols”
onePK API & Agent Infrastructure
…
…
I2RS PCEP Neutron* OpenFlow
OpenFlow Agent
OMI Chef
Chef Agent
Puppet BGP-‐LS onePK
Opera8ng Systems – IOS / IOS-‐XE / NX-‐OS / IOS-‐XR
BGP Diameter Radius …
Puppet Agent
OMI Agent
Neutron* Agent
BGP-‐LS Agent
PCEP Agent
I2RS Agent
*a.k.a. Quantum
Jawdat 2012 30
Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is a network architecture concept that proposes using IT virtualization
related technologies to virtualize entire classes of network node functions into building blocks that may be
connected, or chained, to create communication services
What is NFV? (per Wikipedia definition)
Jawdat 2012 31
Apps & Open Innovation SDN
NFV
Network infrastructure Services to run on Virtualized compute platforms
Key Enabler: using cloud technology to support network functions
Hypervisor and cloud computing technology x86 compute hardware Network automation / orchestration
Benefits:
Reduction in CAPEX and OPEX Faster service provisioning Service agility
SDN is complementary, but not mandatory – APIs, Controllers
Jawdat 2012 32
NAT
VM
Firewall
VM
SBC
VM
dDOS
VM
Virus Scan
VM
IPS
VM
DPI
VM
CGN
VM
Portal
VM
PCRF
VM
DNS
VM
DHCP
VM
BRAS
VM
SDN Ctrl.
VM
RaaS
VM
WLC
VM
WAAS
VM
CDN
VM
Caching
VM
NMS
VM
From Cabling to Service Chaining
Simple Logistics & Common Sparing
Dynamic & Elastic Scale
Service provisioning from days to minutes
Seamless Integration with IP NGN
Jawdat 2012 33
x86 vs. Custom NPU
• e.g. IPv6/v4, MPLS, VPNs, Optical • High throughput / BW • Stateless functions • Mostly predictable traffic • Many flows needing isolation, significant
traffic management needed • Interface-specific functions (2-stage
forwarding)
Network Forwarding
(L0-3)
• e.g. DPI, FW, CGN, BNG, Mobility S/PGW, AAA, DNS, DDOS
• Low to Med Throughput • Stateful functions • Unpredictable traffic • # of flows (traffic management) – varies • No interface-specific functions
Network Services
(L4+)
Better fit for NPU
Compute
Bandwidth
Better fit for x86 (Virtualization)
Compute
Bandwidth
33
Jawdat 2012 34
Virtual Route Reflector Primary
RR Secondary
RR
IPv4
IPv6
VPNv4
VPLS
Wide Area Network
8 RR chassis 2 Server Chassis 1 RR per VM
Primary Server
Secondary Server
IPv4 IPv6
VPNv4 VPLS
IPv4 IPv6
VPNv4 IPv6
Better fit for x86
Compute
Bandwidth
Wide Area Network
34
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(MANO)
Virtualized Network Function, actual NF
application (ex. vFR, vCPE,vLB)
Traditional Element Manager
Virtualisation layer, Server
(hypervisor), Network, Storage
Physical hardware
Resource Mgr, Operations
Lifecycle mgmt for VFNs (upgrade,
scale, termination, etc.)
Orchestration of overall solution
deployment templates, forwarding graph, service-
related information
OSS (CMDB, Montoring, Alarming, IPAM/DNS/DHCP) BSS (CRM, Billing,
Order Mgmt)
Jawdat 2012 40
NFV Network functions and software running on any open standards-based hardware
Orchestration Automation, provisioning and interworking of
physical and virtual resources Service
Orchestration
NFV SDN
SDN Separation of control and data plane
Technology & Innovation Trend
Jawdat 2012 41
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World without borders… For Skilled Workforce!
Jawdat 2012 44
“SDN and NFV are leveling the playing field, everyone including newbie now
has the same chance to compete and innovate in computer networking”
Himawan Nugroho
Jawdat 2012 45
Jawdat 2012 46 Questions?