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The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
FP7 - Research for the Benefit of SMEs
Development of a next generation Micro-ECM sinking machine for the Automotive, Aerospace, & medical device sectors.
€1.2 million in Funding
Dr. David Tormey
Project Overview
ObjecUve • To develop a new generaUon of μECM machine with nanosecond pulsing capability and soWware simulaUon modelling of the process
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
TransnaUonal CollaboraUon
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Partners
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
No Partner Type Country
1 IT Sligo RTD/ Co‐Ord Ireland
2 Vox‐Power SME Ireland
3 Brunel University RTD United Kingdom
4 CDAMC RTD Ireland
5 Sonplas SME Germany
6 Vrije Universiteit Brussel
RTD Belgium
7 Elsyca SME Belgium
Brunel CDAMC Sonplas
Process development +
Demonstrator
VUB Elsyca
SimulaUon SoWware
IT Sligo Vox‐Power
PSU Power Supply Unit
µECM Process
Customizing Process
ProducUon Machine concept
Customer
Partner relaUonships
Process Advantages
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
• Reduce the costs per part through • Shorter cycle Ume • No tool wear • Less down Ume (tool replacement)
• Improved machining accuracy • Roundness • Repeatability ‐ No need for dressing of electrode • PosiUoning of cathode
• Improved surface quality • Roughness (Rt0.1µm) • Individual hole shape possibiliUes
AutomoUve fuel injecUon systems
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Requirements
• Product – e.g. Diesel InjecUon nozzle • Requirements – Micro Holes – 100μm diameter – 1 mm thick cross secUon – < 10 second drilling cycle Ume – Shape control (k‐factor control) – Flow tolerance requirements ± 1 % Cpk 1.33 – Costs savings over the EDM process
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Project Workpackages
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
WP No. Title Ac7vity Lead Partner
WP1 Project Management MGT ITSligo
WP2 Power Supply Development RTD VOX‐Power
WP3 ECM simulaUon soWware RTD Elsyca
WP4 Design, Test & Validate micro‐ECM RTD CDAMC
WP5 Build demonstrator prototype micro‐ECM machine DEM Sonplas
WP6 DisseminaUon‐ExploitaUon‐Knowledge transfer RTD Sonplas
WP2 ‐ Power Supply Development
• Typical PSU characteris7cs Uses a pulsing stage fed through a filter to provide DC
voltage to a load. Current PSU technology switches at 200kHz to 1MHz. Current PSU technology uses silicon Mosfet switches.
• uECM applica7on characteris7cs Requires pulsed voltage without filtering. Switching frequencies up to 50MHz. AlternaUve switch technology required.
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Technical challenges
• Custom circuit required to generate 50MHz PWM control signal
• Power switches must be extremely fast switching <3nS, and must have very low capacitance
• Accurate measurement of circuit parameters will be difficult at 50MHz
• High frequency pulsed current will require very low circuit parasiUc inductance
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Power Supply: Requirements
• IT Sligo & Vox Power have developed a PSU that: – Provides a width modulated pulse train up to a frequency of 45 MHz
– Provides a pulse current amplitude up to 20 Amps – Provides process feedback – Communicates with system controller
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Power Supply: ParasiUcs
• At 45 MHz normal cabling has significant impedance characterisUcs
• Therefore – Traces and cabling must be kept to a minimum – Pulse generaUon must be located as near as possible to the tool
– Process gap model must be accounted for
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Power Supply: Pulse GeneraUon
• Dual stage digital control • Dead band and synchronizaUon ensure pulse shape and Uming
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Power Supply: Parameter Control
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
• DigiUzed & analogue parameter feedback • Adjustable parameter limits
Assessment of current status
• Progress made Load characterised Spice SimulaUons completed Power switch technology idenUfied and evaluated PWM control circuit designed and verified uC selected and soWware under development 1st pass prototype hardware • Issues idenUfied IniUal tests show that controlling parasiUc elements is extremely
difficult Probable that mulUple PCB iteraUons will be required to opUmise. Delivering clean pulses to the inter electrode gap will require a lot
of design effort The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
WP3‐ ECM SimulaUon: DL capacity
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
• Effect of the double layer capacity
SimulaUon: Tool InsulaUon
• Effect of tool insulaUon
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
18
versus
AcUve Insulated
SimulaUon: Slew Rate
• Effect of slew rate
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
19
toff ton tslew tslew
18 V/ns
T x 3.1
0.45 V/ns 0.225 V/ns
T x 1.7
T
SimulaUon: Gap Size
• Effect of gap size
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
20
t/sic/A02E-074E-07-0.001-0.000500.00050.001
t/sif/A02E-074E-0700.00020.00040.0006
WP 4 ‐ Test Bench Design
Test and Validate Test Bench
Test Rig results: Electrolytes
• Sodium Nitrate (NaNO3) – Best • Sodium Chloride (NaCl) – Good
• Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4) – Poor
• Increased concentraUon increases MRR but reduces localisaUon.
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
Test Rig Results: Machined Hole
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1
• Increasing pulse duty cycle increased MRR
• Decreasing duty increased localisaUon
Demonstrator Design
FiltraUon system
Electrolyte control system
µECM- Developed ECM Demonstrator
µECM- Developed ECM Demonstrator
Summary: Work Achieved
• Modelling of IEG • Development of simulaUons and soWware based around model
• Development of ECM PSU
• Development of test rig and validaUon of model by test
• Ongoing design and development of a demonstrator machine
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007‐2013) under grant agreement № 262072, µECM – Micro ECM for SMEs, Research for the benefit of SMEs FP7‐SME‐2010‐1