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Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
PACIENCIA P. MILAN, PhD
University ProfessorVisayas State University
Presented during the Mindanao Rainforest Restoration Forum
Rainforestation: A Paradigm Shift in
Forest Restoration in the
Philippines for Sustainability and
Climate Change Mitigation
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
RAINFORESTATION FARMING
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Ridge-to-Reef Concept
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Farmers continue to cut down trees to give way for more agriculture lands and for economic reasons foremost.
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Forest loss in Leyte
Source: Nueberger, 2005
1900 2005
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Most reforestation efforts in the Philippines focus on the development of forestry and agro-forestry system using tree species which are introduced because they are selected for their fast growth and easy germination. The species composition of the original forest that once covered the land prior to logging are rarely taken into account .
Milan and Margraf, 1996
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Rainforestationas an option for rural development and
biodiversity conservation
uses native/local trees of the area to be
reforested (biodiversity)
gives importance on improvement of
structural habitat to support wildlife
(habitat restoration)
supports sustainable development
through organic practices in agricultural
and forestry production (agroforestry)
provides ecological services(watershed)
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
1. To replace the more destructive forms
of slash-and-burn or kaingin practices
2. To form a buffer-zone around the primary forest
3. To protect forest biodiversity
4. To help maintain the water cycle and
other ecological services of forest
5. To provide farmers with higher income
OBJECTIVES
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Marcos, BaybayBefore RF implementation
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Marcos, BaybayEstablished in 1995
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Operational Framework of
Rainforestation
Habitat restoration
Biodiversity conservation
Provision of ecological
functions/services
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Sun demanding local forest tree species recommended for RF on degraded limestone hills (in decreasing order of productivity).
Official Scientific NameLocal Name
Kalumpit Terminalia microcarpa
Anislag Securinega flexuosa
Bagalunga Melia dubia
Dao Dracontomelon dao
Ipil Intsia bijuga
Mntn. Agoho Casuarina nodiflora
Kamagong Diospyros philippenensis
Bahay Ormosia calavensis
Molave Vitex parviflora
Lingo-lingo Vitex turczaninowii
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Shade loving local forest tree species of Leyte Leyte recommended for RF on volcanic soils
Palosapis Anisoptera thurifera Apitong Dipterocarpus grandiflorus HairyApitong Dipterocarpus philippinensis Hagakhak Dipterocarpus warburgii Manggachapui Hopea acuminata Dalingdingan Hopea foxworthyi Gisok-gisok Hopea philippinensis Yakal-kaliot Hopea malibato Bagtikan Parashorea malaanonan White Lauan Shorea contorta Almon Shorea almonGuijo Shorea guiso Yakal-malibato Shorea malibato Red lauan Shorea negrosensis Tangile Shorea polysperma Mayapis Shorea palosapisKamagong Diospyros philippensisTalakatak Castanopsis philippinensisUlaian Lithocarpus pruinosaDungon Heritiera sylvaticaKulatingan Pterospermum obliquumBalobo Diplodiscus paniculatus
Official Scientific NameLocal Name
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
PLANTING SCHEME
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Reasons why the utilization of indigenous
Philippine forest tree species received
minimal support in reforestation programs
native species especially dipterocarps grow slow;
dipterocarps fruit only about every 3-5 yearsdepending on species and locality;
not enough seedling materials can be produced ina short time because nursery management ofnative species are not fully studied;
dipterocarp seedlings (but not all) and other nativespecies require shade and cannot be used toreforest open areas, e.g. grasslands; and
local lumber species have higher wood quality butnot propagated, hence, the mother trees becomevery rare and seed material is even less available.
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Effects of Rainforestation on Site Quality
1. Improvement of soil chemical properties;
2. Improvement of soil structure and water holding capacity;
3. Improvement of soil organic matter and soil color;
4. Improvement of nutrient status;
5. Improvement of biological activity; and
6. Improvement of microclimate
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
1. Improvement of soil chemical properties;
Site 1994 1998 2002
Rainforestation site (LSU) acidic soil
Soil pH 4.2 4.8 5.2
Rainforestation site (Punta) calcareous soil
Soil pH 8.2 7.4 7.2
Secondary forest (LSU) = soil pH 4.5 4.7
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
2. Improvement of soil structure and water holding capacity;
- increased soil structure formation due to microbial and animal activity
- increased water holding capacity due to improved porosity
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Distribution of decomposer soil fungi on the secondary forest floor in VSU. Diplopod faecal pellet at the left upper corner 3 mm (1), litter fragment (2), stalk (3). The fungi penetrated the pellets from inside; The white mycelium grows on the pellet surface.
1
2
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Soil structure improved by biological aggregates on the forest floor at the demonstration farm at ViSCA. Cluster of arthropod faecal pellets (1, single pellet 1mm), earthworm casts (2), and fungal mycelium (3).
1
2
3
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
3. Improvement of soil organic matter and soil color;
- darkening of color of surface soil
a) Rainforestation (VSU)yellowish brown dark brown
b) Rainforestation (Punta)very pale brown dark brown to
black
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Rainforestation site (Punta)
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Rainforestation site (VSU)
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Secondary forest site (VSU)
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
4. Improvement of nutrient status;
Nutrient 1994 2002
OM (%) 2.06 3.25
Total N (%) 0.22 0.33
Avail. P (ppm) 0.40 1.05
Exch. Ca (me/100g) 4.60 9.47
Exch. Mg (me/100g) 2.80 8.32
Rainforestation site (VSU)
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
5. Improvement of biological activity; and
6. Improvement of microclimate
Measured in
depth of (cm)
Demonstration farm,
ViSCA
Secondary forest,
ViSCA
Rainforestation farm,
Punta
pH (CaCL2) 0-4 5.53 4.66 7.35
4-8 4.72 4.52 7.60
H2O (%) 0-2 37.97 43.70 19.88
Soil-temp. (C) 0-2 26.70 25.40 26.00
Air-temp. (C) 2 27.00 26.50 29.50
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
A farming system that closely resembles the
structure of a natural Philippine rainforest
ecosystems or home gardens that promotes the
use of native or local trees commonly growing in
the area.
It is based on a preliminary working hypothesis
that the closer a farming system in the humid
tropic is to its natural ecosystem, the more
sustainable it is.
It evolves from various efforts to sustain human
food production and simultaneously preserve the
biodiversity of terrestrial ecosystems and their vital
functions to mankind
It considers farming systems to support livelihood
to increase farmer income
What is Rainforestation Farming?
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Lanzones
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Table 1. Economic and environmental benefits of
selected RF sites
* calculated in the frame of the Clean Development Mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol** price for permanent CER is assumed $10 (based from PointCarbon 2004) an is calculated
using a discounted rate of 8.2% within a period of 10 years of RF implementation
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Global Warming
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Consequences of Climate Change
Sea level rise Ocean acidification Rise in temperature Loss of biodiversity High health risk Poor productivity Habitat loss
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Strategies to Mitigate and Adapt Climate Change
WATERWater conservationRainwater harvesting and storage
Forest is a rainwater harvesting ecosystem
Better management of water supply systemsAGRICULTUREConserve soilForecasts and early warningMore resistant crop varietiesIrrigation solutionsDevelop simple measures for handling rapid harvesting and postharvesting
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
During Rainy Season WHEN WATER IS TOO
MUCH!
Excessive
Runoff
Silted Rivers /reduced
capacity of irrig. sys.
Increasing Flood Peaks
Severe Erosion
Landslides ?
High Intensity Rainfall
Flooding ofAgricultural
Areas
During Dry Season WHEN WATER IS TOO
LITTLE!
Reduced Stream flow
Declining GW Level
Insufficient Water for Irrigation
Reduction in Yield
Total Crop Loss
High Temp & evaporation;
Dry soils
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Improve fish cage management
HEALTHImprove access to health careDisease monitoring and emergency responses
ECOSYSTEMSRainforestation Rehabilitate habitatsCreate protected areas and migration corridorsConserve ecosystems
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Integrate coastal resource managementIntegrate adaptation to planningConstruct sea wallsRaise housing
INCREASED FLOODINGElevate major thorougfareFlood-proof buildingProvide flood hazard mapping and flood warningsEmpower community and institutions
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation Challenges and
Perspective
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
VSU demo farm = 5.44 has
20 RF adopters = 29.50 has
Private adopters = 7.00 has
TransCo = 10.00 has
CBFM (Cienda) = 15.00 has
NSTP = 2.70 has
TOTAL = 69.60 has
Baybay, Albuera ,Ormoc &
San Miguel, Leyte
Diocese of Maasin = 5.00 has
6 POs in St. Bernard = 9.00 has
GTZ supported = 340.00 has
NatureLife Intl. = 5.00 has
TOTAL = 359.00 has
Maasin, Macrohon, St. Bernard &
Silago, So. Leyte
Private adopters = 9.00 has
NIT-Biliran = 11.00 ha
TOTAL = 20.00 has
Biliran, Biliran
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
After 16 years of Rainforestation
advocacy and implementation, a
total of 183.34 hectares demo
farms were established
Issuance of DENR MC 2004-06
Rainforestation is used as a
strategy in establishing
biodiversity corridors in existing
national parks and certificates of
ancestral domain claim or title
Rainforestation is used as a
strategy for the implementation
of ROAD 2020
Rainforestation evolved in
different typologies
Major Accomplishments
Geographical distribution of Rainforestation Farms in the Philippines
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
Improve our program on:
-education of local communities
-promotion of sustainable use of resources, responsible entrepreneurship and ecotourism
-compensation of displaced people through training in better agriculture production
-establishing research facilities for training, local scientists, guides and forest collaborators
INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE
Rainforestation Farming: A Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration
PPMilan
Rainforestation: A
Paradigm Shift in Forest
Restoration in the
Philippines for
Sustainability and Climate
Change Mitigation
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INTRODUCTION
Status of Philippine Forests
RAINFORESTATION CONCEPT
Planting Scheme
Native Tree Species used in RF
Rainforestation Farming
RAINFORESTATION AND CLIMATE
CHANGE MITIGATION
RAINFORESTATION INITIATIVES
CHALLENGES AND PERSPECTIVE