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Microformats
Nishikant P TaksandeSchool of Electronics and Computer Science
University of Southampton
AgendaIntroductionWhy MicroformatsConceptEvolutionTypesPractical ImplementationMicroformats On WebConclusionEvaluation
Introduction
“Designed for human first and machine second, microformats are a set of simple, open data format build upon existing and widely adopted standards.” -Microformats.org
Microformats add semantics to web pages using existing standards of HTML and XHTML
Microformats enable web application to extract, understand and process information in web page
Why Microformats ?
Separate file format for machine-readable information, however powerful, may not succeed simply because it uses another file [3]
Utilizing established standards to add semantics is the preferred way
Writers with some knowledge of HTML can add semantic information to web page like calendar events (hCalendar) and contact information (hCard).
Concept
HTML grew and become proper XML application, XHTML, including all the modularisation that an information architect could ask for [2]
XHTML class attribute add critical degree of freedom by occupying multiple class names in space separated list
Evolution
vCalendar
RDFCalendar
hCalendar
vCalendar
BEGIN: VCALENDERBEGIN: VEVENTSUMMARY: Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of WatsonDTSTART: 20111201T170000ZLOCATION: Turner simsDTEND: 20111201T190000ZDESCRIPTION: How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.END: VEVENTEND: VCALENDAR
RDFCalendar
<rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf='http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2002/12/cal/ical#'> <Vcalendar> <prodid>-//kanzaki.com//RDFCal 1.0//EN</prodid> <version>2.0</version> <method>PUBLISH</method> <component> <Vevent> <dtstart rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dateTime>2011-12-01T17:00:00</dateTime> <tzid>Asia/Tokyo</tzid> </dtstart> <dtend rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dateTime>2011-12-01T19:00:00</dateTime> <tzid>Asia/Tokyo</tzid> </dtend> <summary>Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson</summary> <description>How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.</description> <dtstamp>20111130T104917Z</dtstamp> <uid>[email protected]</uid> </Vevent> </component> <component> <Vtimezone> <tzid>Asia/Tokyo</tzid> <standard rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dtstart rdf:parseType='Resource'> <dateTime>1970-01-01T00:00:00</dateTime> </dtstart> <tzoffsetfrom>+0900</tzoffsetfrom> <tzoffsetto>+0900</tzoffsetto> <tzname>JST</tzname> </standard> </Vtimezone> </component> </Vcalendar></rdf:RDF>
<a href=”/egFile.vcs”><b>Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson</b><p> How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show</p><small>December 1st, 2011, 5-7PM in the<i>Turner sims</i></small></a> hCalendar
<div class=”vcalendar vevent”><span class=”summary”> Jeopardy! The IBM Challenge: Inside the Mind of Watson </span><p class=”decription”> How Watson works at a high level with examples from the show.</p><abbr class=”dtstart” title=”20111201T170000Z”> December 1st, 2011, 5-</abbr> <abbr class=”dtend” title=”20111201T190000Z”>7PM</abbr> in the <span class=”location”>Turner sims</span></div>
TypesMicroformats
rel-licenseXFNrel-nofollowVoteLinks
Elemental Microformats
Compound Microformats
hCardhCalendarhReviewxFolk
Implementation
Microformats on the Web
Conclusions
Microformats are not new language
Microformats use HTML and XHTML power to create machine readable information in simpler way
Clever use of css class which serves the purpose of styling and providing semantic information at one place
Evaluation
Concept of microfomats has been very firmly stated and explained in the paper
Agenda of reduce, reuse and recycle is very well supported with the working examples
Overall it is successful attempt to introduce semantics into web pages with pre-existing standards which supports author’s view of microformats as lowercase semantic web
References
[1] K. Stolley, "Using Microformats: Gateway to the Semantic Web," IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication, vol.52, no.3, pp.291-302, Sept. 2009.
[2] R. Khare, "Microformats: The next (small) thing on the semantic web?", IEEE Internet Comput., vol. 10, p.68 , 2006.
[3] R. Khare and T. C elik. Microformats: a pragmatic path to the semantic web (Poster). Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web, pages 865-866, 2006.
Thank You
Microformats
