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By: Dr. Parshant Bakshi, FHTHSAssociate Professor, Fruit Science–SKUAST - J
National Conference on: Temperate fruits and Nuts-A way forward for Enhancing Productivity and Quality on 6th to 9th November, 2015
Maturity indices for harvesting of low chilling peach cultivars
Contents
Flowering and Fruiting
Results
Conclusion
Acknowledgements
Introduction
Objective
Nutritional value
Introduction
Peaches should be harvested at optimum stage of maturity. A large number of maturity indices viz.,
days to maturity calendar date fruit sizefirmness sense of touch pit discoloration freeness of pit taste ground colour sugar
acidity sugar: acid ratioFor distant markets, peach should be harvested when it attain
good colour but is still hard and ripe, whereas for local consumption, tree ripe peaches are harvested by twisting with hand.
The peak harvesting period for different peach cultivars in hills is mid-May to mid-July.
Peaches ripen very fast as the harvesting season coincides with the prevailing high seasonal temperature.
Introduction
Very huge wastage occurs in India when all the peach produce is harvested without considering the maturity of fruit. Low chilling peach has high prospect for its cultivation in the North Indian condition, so there is an urgent need to standardize the maturity indices of its cultivars for good quality fruit.
Maturity at harvest is the most important factor that determines storage-life and final fruit quality. Both immature and over mature fruits persist numerous problems during handling, storage and transportation.Picking up the fruits at correct stage of maturity is necessary or essential so as to facilitate proper ripening, distant transportation and maximum storage life.
Principle Nutrient Value
Principle Nutrient Value
Principle Nutrient Value
Energy 39 Kcal Vitamin C 6.6 mg Electrolytes
Carbohydrates 9.54 g Vitamin E 0.73 mg Sodium 0 mg
Protein 0.91 g Vitamin K 2.6 µg Potassium 190 mg
Total Fat 0.25 g Folates 4 µg
Cholesterol 0 mg Niacin 0.806 mg Minerals
Dietary Fiber 1.5 g Pyridoxine 0.025 mg Calcium 6 mg
Vitamins Pantothenic acid 0.153 mg Iron 0.25 mg
Vitamin A 326 IU Riboflavin 0.031 mg Magnesium 9 mg
Thiamine 0.028 mg Manganese 0.61 mg
Phyto-nutrients Zinc 0.17 mg
Carotene-ßCrypto-xanthin-ß
162 µg67 µg
Lutein-zeaxanthin
91 µg Copper 0.068 mg
Objectives
To standardize the maturity indices of important low chilling peach cultivars of Jammu region.
To To create awareness about the maturity indices of peach among the farmers both for catering the needs of export market and for marketing of produce in distant locations within the country.
To assist R & D programme by developing a promising tool for indicating the optimum harvest date for specific fruit crop for particular area. .
Materials and Methods
Research Farm, Uheywalla, SKUAST–J during 2012 and 2013. Three peach cultivars viz., Florda Prince, Early Grande and Shan-e-Punjab having age of 9-10 years One plant per replication; 03 replications of each cultivar. 20 fruits per treatment Fruit weight (g) was calculated by Indosaw digital balance Length (cm) and diameter (cm) of fruit was determined by Mitusyo digital vernier caliper. Fruit volume (cc) was determined by water displacement method. TSS (oBrix) recorded by Erma Hand refractometer. Acidity (%), sugars (%) and ascorbic acid (mg/l00g pulp) of fruits were determined according to A.O.A.C. (1994). Statistical Analysis by using Panse and Sukhatme (2000)
Flowering and Fruiting
Fruits of different peach cultivars at harvesting maturity stage
Fig. 1. Periodic changes in physical characteristics of peach cv. Florda Prince
Fig. 2. Periodic changes in chemical characteristics of peach cv. Florda Prince
Sca
le
Fig. 3. Periodic changes in physical characteristics of peach cv. Early Grande
Fig. 4. Periodic changes in chemical characteristics of peach cv. Early Grande
Fig. 5. Periodic changes in physical characteristics of peach cv. Shan-e-Punjab
Harvesting dates
Fig. 6. Periodic changes in chemical characteristics of peach cv. Shan-e-Punjab
Awareness programme on MI of peach
Maturity at harvest is the most important factor that determines storage-life and final fruit quality.
Fruits picked either too early or too late in their season are more susceptible to post harvest physiological disorders than
fruit picked at the proper maturity.
The level of maturity actually helps in selection of storage methods, estimation of shelf life, selection of processing
operations for value addition etc.
Conclusion
Name of fruit Cultivar Harvesting date
Florda Prince Last week of April
Peach Early Grande Last week of April
Shan-e-Punjab 2nd week of May
Acknowledgement
The authors are highly thankful to Dr. Nazeer Ahmed, Nodal Officer HTM (MM-1) for providing funding under
the project entitled “Determination of quality and harvest maturity for commercially grown fruit crops in
Jammu sub-tropics”
To Contact
Call: 00-91-9419101601
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.krishisandesh.com
http://skuast.org/site/Templates%20HTML/foa/fruitscience-img/2.pdf
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