SRI SAI INSTITUTE OF ENGG. AND TECHNOLOGY

 

 

 

      

     MATLAB PRACTICAL FILE  

DSP ECE - 316  

Submitted By: 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Contents

InroductionToMATLAB_____________________________________________________________________1

ProgramForImpulseFunction_____________________________________________________________4

ProgramForUnitStepFunction____________________________________________________________6

ProgramForUnitRampFunction__________________________________________________________8

ProgramForExponentialFunction______________________________________________________10

ProgramForRealValueFunction________________________________________________________16

ProgramForShiftingFunction____________________________________________________________14

ProgramForAdditionFunction___________________________________________________________16

ProgramForMultiplicationFunction____________________________________________________18

ProgramForConvolutionFunction______________________________________________________20

ProgramForFoldingFunction____________________________________________________________23

1   

 

WHATISMATLAB?“ANINTRODUCTION”

 

• ItstandsforMATrixLAbORATORY

• ItisdevelopedbyTheMathworksInc.

• Itisaninteractive,integrated,environment

• Fornumericalcomputations

• Forsymboliccomputations

• Forscientificvisualizations

• Itisahighlevelprogramminglanguage

• Programrunsininterpreted,asopposedtocompiled,mode

• MATLAB is a high level technical computing language and interactive environment for

algorithmdevelopment,datavisualization,dataanalysisandnumericcomputation. Usingthe MATLAB product, you can solve technical computing problems faster than the

traditionalprogramminglanguagessuchasC,C++andFORTRAN.

• YoucanuseMATLABinawiderangeofapplications,includingsignalandimageprocessing,communication,controldesign,testandmeasurement,financialmodelingandanalysis,and

computationalbiology.Addontoolboxes(collectionofspecialpurposeMATLABfunctions,available separately) extend the MATLAB environment to solve particular classes of

problemsintheseapplicationareas.

• MATLABprovidesanumberof features fordocumentingandsharingyourwork.Youcanintegrate yourMATLAB codewith other languages and applications, and distribute your

MATLABalgorithmsandapplications. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2   

 

Characterstics Of MATLAB:  

• ProgrammingLanguageBased(principally)OnMatrices.

• SlowcomparedwithFORTRANorCbecauseitisaninterpretedlanguage,i.enotpre‐compiled.Avoidforloops,insteadusevectorformwheneverpossible.

• Automaticmemorymanagement,i.eyoudon’thavetodeclarearraysinadvance.

• Intuitive,easytouse.

• Compact(arrayhandlingisFortran90‐like).

• ShorterprogramdevelopmenttimethantraditionalprogramminglanguagessuchasFORTRANandC.

• CanbeconvertedintoCcodeviaMATLABcompilerforbetterefficiency.

• Manyapplications‐specifictoolboxesavailable.

• CoupledwithMapleforsymboliccomputations.

• Onshared‐memoryparallelcomputerssuchastheSGIOrigin2000,certainoperations

processedinparallelautonomouslywhencomputationloadwarrants.

KEY FEATURES:-  

• Highlevellanguagefortechnicalcomputing.

• Developmentenvironmentformanagingcode,files,anddata.

• Interactivetoolsforiterativeexploration,designandproblemsolving.

• Mathematicalfunctionsforlinearalgebra,statistics,Fourieranalysis,filtering,optimization,andnumericalintegration

• 2‐Dand3‐Dgraphicalfunctionsforvisualizingdata.

• Toolsforbuildingcustomgraphicaluserinterfaces.

• FunctionsforintegratingMATLABbasedalgorithmwithexternalapplicationandlanguages,

suchasC,C++,FORTRAN,Java,andMicrosoftExcel.

 

 

 

 

 

3   

 

EXAMPLES:-  

• Matrixcomputationandlinearalgebra.

• Solvingnonlinearequation.

• Numericalsolutionofdifferentialequation.

• Mathematicaloptimization.

• Statisticalanddataanalysis.

• SignalProcessing.

• Modelingofdynamicalsystems.

• Solvingpartialdifferentialequation.

• SimulationofEngg.Systems.

USESINENGG.COMPANIES:‐ 

• Numericalanalysis

• Signalandsystem.

• Modelingofdynamicalsystems.

• Automaticcontrol.

BASICCOURSES:‐ 

• Automaticcontroladvancedcourse.

• Hybridandembedded.

• Controlsystem.

• Chemicalprocesscontrol.

• Controlprocesscontrol.

• Signaltheory.

• Digitalsignalprocessing.

• Adaptivesignalprocessing.

• Signalprocessingproject.

• Communicationtheory.

• Advancecommunicationtheory.

 

4   

 

Program - 1

To Develop Elementary Signal For Impulse Function  

Program: 

a=[‐2;1;2] 

b=[zeros(1,2),ones(1,1),zeros(1,2)] 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘a‐‐‐‐>’) 

ylabel(‘amp‐‐‐>’) 

 

Result:  

a= ‐2   ‐1    0    1    2 

 

b= 0    0    1    0    0 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5   

 

Graph For Impulse Function:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6   

 

Program - 2

To Develop Elementary Signal For Unit Step Function  

Program:  

n=input(’enter the value of n’) 

a=[1:1:n] 

b=[ones,n] 

subplotes 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘n…..>’) 

ylabel(‘amplitude’) 

 

 

Result of unit step function: 

Enter the value of n 

n=5 

a=0  1  2  3  4 

b= 1   1   1   1   1 

 

 

                                                                                               

 

 

7   

 

Graph For Unit Step Function: 

8   

 

Program - 3  

To Develop Elementary Signal For Unit Ramp Function  

Program: 

a=[2:1:8] 

b=[0;1;6] 

subplot 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘n.’) 

ylabel(‘amp….’) 

 

 

Result of unit ramp function: 

a=2    3    4    5    6    7    8 

 

b= 0    1    2    3    4    5    6   

 

 

 

 

 

 

9   

 

Graph For Unit Ramp Function: 

10   

 

Program - 4

To Develop Exponential Function Of (Given) Sequence  

Program: 

n=input(‘enter the value of n’) 

a=input(‘enter the value of a’) 

t=[0:1:n] 

y=exp(a*t) 

subplot 

stem(t,y) 

xlabel(‘a’) 

ylabel(‘n’) 

 

Result of exponential: Enter the value of n10 

n= 10 

enter the value of a0.5 

a= 0.5000 

t=0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   10 

y=columns 1 through 10 

1.0000  1.6487  2.7183  4.4817  7.3891  12.1825  20.0855  33.1155  54.5982  90.0171 

Column11 

148.4132 

11   

 

Graph For Exponential Function: 

12   

 

Program - 5

To Develop Elementary Signal For Real Value  

Program:  

n=[0,1,2,3,4,5] 

a=[0.5] 

y=a.^n 

subplot 

stem(n,y) 

xlabel(‘n…..’) 

ylabel(‘a’) 

 

Result of Real Value No.: 

n= 0   1   2   3   4   5   

 

a= 0.5000 

 

y = 1.0000   0.5000   0.2500   0.1250   0.0625   0.0313 

 

 

13   

 

Graph For Real Value Function:

14   

 

Program - 6

To Develop Elementary Signal For Shifting Program:  

a=[‐3:1:3] 

b=[1.2.3.2.1.1.2] 

subplot(3,1,1) 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘n‐‐‐‐>’) 

ylabel(‘amp‐‐‐>’) 

a=‐a 

subplot(3,1,2) 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘n‐‐‐‐>’) 

ylabel(‘amp‐‐‐>’) 

 

Result:  

a = ‐3   ‐2   ‐1   0   1   2   3 

b = 1   2   3   2   1   1   2 

a = 3   2   1   0   ‐1   ‐2   ‐3 

 

 

15   

 

 

Graph For Shifting Function:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

16   

 

 

Program - 7

To Develop Elementary Signal For Addition Of Two Sequences 

 

Program:  

n=[‐3:1:3] b=[2,3,0,1,3,2,1] subplot(5,1,1) stem(n,b) xlabel('n….>')    ylabel('amplitude') title('input of signal b') a=[3,4,5,6,7,8,9] subplot(5,1,3) stem(n,b) ylabel('amplitude') title('input of signal a') z=b+a subplot(5,1,5) stem(n,a) xlabel('n….>')    ylabel('amplitude') title('addition of two signal is z(n)') 

Result of Addition:  

2   3   0   1   3   2   1 

 

a = 3   4   5   6   7   8   9 

 

z = 5   7   5   7   10   10   10 

17   

 

Graph For Addition Function: 

 

                                                                                  

 

 

 

 

 

 

18   

 

Program - 8

To Develop Elementary Signal For Multiplication Of Two Sequences 

 

Program: 

n=[‐2:1:3] x=[1,2,3,4,5,6] subplot(3,1,1) stem(n,x) xlabel('n‐‐‐‐>') ylabel('amp‐‐‐>') y=[2] z=(x*y) subplot(3,1,2) stem(n,z) xlabel('n‐‐‐‐>') ylabel('amp‐‐‐>') 

Result:  

n = ‐2   ‐1   0   1   2   3 

x = 1   2   3   4   5   6 

y = 2 

z = 2   4   6   8   10   12 

19   

 

Graph For Multiplication Function: 

20   

 

Program - 9

To Develop The Elementary Signal For Convolution Of Two Sequences 

 

Program:  

X=input(‘enter the value of x’) 

h=input(‘enter the value of h’) 

y=conv(x,h) 

subplot(3,1,1) 

stem(x) 

xlabel(‘n….>’)    

ylabel(‘amplitude….>’) 

subplot(3,1,2) 

stem(h) 

xlabel(‘n….>’)    

ylabel(‘amplitude….>’) 

subplot(3,1,3) 

stem(y) 

xlabel(‘n….>’)    

ylabel(‘amplitude….>’) 

 

21   

 

Result of convolution:  

Enter the sequence of x[1,2] 

X=1   2 

Enter the sequence of h[1,2,3,4]  

h = 1   2   3   4 

y = 1   4   7   10   8 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

22   

 

Graph For Convolution Function:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

23   

 

Program - 10

To Develop Elementary Signal For Folding  

Program: 

a=[‐3:1:3] 

b=[1,2,3,2,1,1,2] 

subplot(3,1,1) 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘n….. >’) 

ylabel(‘amp…..>’) 

a= ‐a 

subplot(3,1,2) 

stem(a,b) 

xlabel(‘n…..>’) 

ylabel(‘amp…..>’) 

 

Result of Folding: 

a= ‐3   ‐2   ‐1   0    1    2    3 

b=  1    2    3    2    1    1     2 

a=  3    2    1    0   ‐1   ‐2   ‐3  

 

 

24   

 

Graph For Folding Function: