Nano-enabled Manufacturing :Transitioning from Science to ProductsMano ManoharanGeneral ManagerGE Global ResearchBangalore

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Global trends …

… create big challenges

Population Consumption Energy Security

Environment

It’s a material world

Stone age

Iron age

Bronze age

Silicon age

Courtesy : US Geological Survey

Challenges• Resource constraint

• Sustainable development

Opportunities• Recycle, reuse, optimize

• New generation of materials

• Tailor-made

• Multi-functional

• Synthesized bottoms up

This is GE Operations in over 100+ countries

300,000+ employees worldwide

$157+ billion in revenue in ’09

Manufacturing facilities

in 30+ countries

Broad Portfolio

Media

GE Capital

Energy Infrastructur

e

NBC Universal

Technology Infrastructur

e

Consumer & Industrial

History of innovation1909 Ductile tungsten1913 Medical X-ray1927 First television broadcast

reception1932 Langmuir Nobel Prize in

chemistry1938 Invisible/glareless glass1942 First US jet engine1953 LEXANTM polycarbonate1955 Man-made diamonds1962 Semi-conductor laser1973 Giaever Nobel Prize in physics1984 Magnetic resonance imaging1994 GE90® composite fan blade1999 Digital X-ray2004 Lightspeed VCT

GE Global Research

First US industrial lab

Began 1900 in Schenectady, NY

Founding principle … improve businesses through technology

One of the world’s most diverse industrial labs

Market focused R&D

3,000 technologists strong

Global Research CenterNiskayuna, NY

John F. Welch Technology CenterBangalore, IndiaChina Technology Center Shanghai, China

Global Research – EuropeMunich, Germany

John F Welch Technology center

People Infrastructure• 4300+ Technologists

• Over 60% with advanced degrees

• 10% Global Experience• Over 950 Patents filed

• US$175 Million Investment • 50 acres: 1.153M sq ft of Labs &

offices• 24 x 7 captive power• Zero emission

From concept to product

Stage

Eff

ort

Concept Product

In the end its all about business impact

Academic Research

Industrial R & D

Industrial

production

Lots of Nano Some Nano Limited Nano

Establish scientific principles or technical concept

Demonstrate technical concept

Identify market opportunity

Demonstrate value proposition

Initial application toll gates identified

Major technical risks retired

Validate market opportunity

Started: 2002

Vision:

• High risk, big impact programs

• Cross-business

• Multi-disciplinary team of scientists (>70 in 2008)

• Leverage GE/GRC technology depth and breadth

• Fill the pipeline

• “Incubator” mindset

• Nano focal point for

GE businesses

Nanotechnology AT

2008

2002

NanoTubes and NanoRods

Thermoelectrics, PV

NanoParticles

NanoEngineered

Surfaces

NanoCeramics

Membranes & SensorsNext Generation Coatings

Nanostructured Metals

Engineering Nickel AlloysWear and abrasion

coatings

The Nanotechnology Platforms at GE

Current Material Limits

Today

Evolutionary Progress Evolutionary Progress of Technologyof Technology

Nano Is the Enabling Technology for Materials Science As Integrated

Circuits Were for Digital Electronics.

Potential of Nano

Materials NanoTechnology will Create a Step Change

New Products,New Markets, Major

Improvements

NanoNano

HealthcareHealthcare

AviationAviation

Higher Thrust to Weight Ratio Engines

Faster, more accurate diagnosis

Nanotechnology for GE… The Ultimate Material

Science

Cleaner, more efficient turbine technology

EnergyEnergy

The Lotus effect

Hydrophobic material+

Appropriate Texture

Superydrophilic

Hydrophilic material+

Appropriate Texture

Contact Angle

< 20 0 < 70 0 > 90 0 > 150 0

Hydrophilic Hydrophobic

Superydrophobic

Superhydrophobicity for GE• Today: teflon, silicones,

polymers… GE need: Metal systems for

harsh environments

Technical Focus

• Superhydrophobic metals & ceramics

• Structure-property relationships

Quick screen entitlement priorities

Technical Risks

• Robustness

• Manufacturability @ Cost

Model Textures

Realistic Textures

NanoEngineered Surfaces Platform

Droplet Impact Applications

1mm-radius droplet impacting at 3m/s

All three textures are superhydrophobic, but exhibit vastly different but predictable response to droplet

impact

Superhydrophobic Textures:

Nanomanufacturing

A paradigm shift needed to realize the benefits of nano

It has happened beforeMaterials Intermediates Products

Silicon Transistor Radios

Source: Lux Research

It can now happen in nanotechnology

Silicon MicroprocessorComputersInternetThe digital age

1950s

1980s

Nanomanufacturing scorecard•Does a value chain exist for the product ?

•How much of the value chain needs to be modified to incorporate nanomaterials?

•Can existing processes be modified or do entirely new processes need to be created?

• Is there a compelling value proposition?

•Can the infrastructure needed be shared across multiple product lines? Companies? Nations?

Transitioning from technology push to market pull

Nanomanufacturing and sustainability•Nature has done distributed and sustainable

nanomanufacturing for a while !

•Complex, often multi-functional materials are synthesized with minimal waste, high yield, are all recycled and often use the minimum needed energy for their production.

•Need to design nanomanufacturing process with sustainability in mind

Nanomanufactuirng a potential path to sustainability

Nanotechnology @ GE

• The Ultimate Materials Science

• Sweet spot for GE

• Balance between research and applications

• Lab to manufacturing … huge challenge