M4M 2 the Rescue of M2M (Eclipse DemoCamp Trondheim)

M4M 2 the Rescue of M2M

Werner Keil

Eclipse DemoCamp Trondheim28th August 2013Standards for
The Internet of
Things

Overview

Introduction

Sensors

Historic IT Errors and Bugs

UOMo, Unit-API, UCUM

Sensor Web, SensorML

Demo

M2MUse Cases, Framework, Protocols, Tools

NFCUse Cases, Adoption, OpenNFC

Other Trends

Java ME Embedded Standards

Q&A

2007-2013 Creative Arts & Technologies

Who am I?


Werner Keil

Consultant Coach

Creative Cosmopolitan

Open Source Evangelist

Software Architect

Java Godfather

UOMo Project Lead

Mrsk DevOps Guy

Email [email protected] @wernerkeil

Java Godfather?


Measure for Measure


Mistaking a PirateImages Copyright 2011 Getty Images

Measure for Measure


For a hero
of the story...Images Copyright 2012 The Old Globe, San Diego CA

Measure for Measure


Mistaking a
Duke

Measure for Measure


For a
friar...Images based on poster created for the Oregon Shakespeare Festival 2011 by Jeff Rauch

Type-Safety

Java does not have strongly typed base types
(like e.g. Ada or Smalltalk).

This could change around Java 10 or 11
(based on Oracle Road Map and statements)

For performance reasons most developer prefer primitive types over objects in their interface.

Primitive type arguments can more easily lead to name clashes (methods with the same signature) or other problems (Auto-Boxing,)


What do these disasters have in common?

Patriot Missile
The cause was an inaccurate calculation of the time since boot due to a computer arithmetic error.

Ariane 5 Explosion
Floating point number which a value was converted from had a value greater than what would be represented by a 16 bit signed integer.

Gimli Glider (near disaster)
Fuel loading was miscalculated through misunderstanding of the recently adoptedMetric System, replacing the Imperial System in Canada


Mars Orbiter
Preliminary findings indicate that one team used US/English units (e.g. inches, feet and pounds) while the other used metric units for a key spacecraft operation.

NASA lost a $125 million Mars orbiter because a Lockheed Martin engineering team used English units of measurement while the agency's team used the more conventional metric system for a key spacecraft operation

A credible source disclosed, there was a manual step with an outsourced person to convert these calculations between the different teams, and NASA budget cuts caused them to fire him and have the wrong, unpatched data transmitted!!!

This also underlines the added risk when 3rd party contractors are involved or projects are developed Offshore

What do these disasters have in common?


23rd March 1983. Ronald Reagan announces SDI (or Star Wars): ground-based and space-based systems to protect the US from attack by strategic nuclear ballistic missiles.NASA Star Wars Initiative, 1983



1985: Why did Shuttle belly-flop?

Unit Tests wouldnt find these

All previous examples illustrate three categories of errors difficult to find through Unit Testing:

Interface Errors (e.g. millisecond/second, radian/degree, meters/feet).

Arithmetic Errors (e.g. overflow).

Conversion Errors.

Despite their name 2007-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies

Images Copyright, American Shakespeare Center

Causes of Conversion Errors

Ambiguity on the unit

Gallon Dry / Gallon Liquid - Gallon US / Gallon UK

Day Sidereal / Day Calendar

Foot in various regions, at least historically, see: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_obsolete_units_of_measurement#Fu.C3.9F_.28foot.29

Degree Celsius / Degree Fahrenheit

Did you know that Gabriel Fahrenheit was born in Gdansk (Danzig) in northern Poland?

...

Wrong conversion factors:

static final double PIXEL_TO_INCH = 1 / 72;double pixels = inches * PIXEL_TO_INCH


All of them happened in Mobile, Real Time or Embedded systems!

What else do they have in common? 2007-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies

Measurement PackageNamespace: org.osgi.util.measurement

SI only Unit API in the closet

Unit
Essentially an SI singleton holding relevant unit constants, too.

Measurement
Represents a value with an error, a unit and a time-stamp.

State
Groups a state name, value and time-stamp

Little usage, e.g. Automotive; no further support

by OSGi, dropped in V5

OSGi


Namespace: javax.microediton.sensor*

Focusing on Sensors, but it got a minimalistic Unit API in the closet

Unit
Essentially an SI singleton holding relevant unit constants, too.
JavaDoc: http://pandora.la/java/javadocs/sensor/javax/microedition/sensor/Unit.html

ChannelInfo
Holding name, accuracy, data type,measurement ranges, scale and unit

MeasurementRange
Range of possible values from minimum to maximum

Dead Meat (few actual handsets and no vendors except Nokia still use it, nor does Java ME Embedded)

JSR-256


Mobile Sensor API

Namespace: javax.measure.*

Only one interface and one abstract class

public interface Measurable

public abstract class Measure

Three sub-packagesquantity (holds dimensions mass, length)

unit (holds the SI and NonSI units)

converter (holds unit converters)

JSR-275


Units Specification

Namespace: org.unitsofmeasurement.*

Only interfaces (and exception classes)

public interface Quantity

public interface Unit

Three sub-packagesquantity (holds dimensions mass, length,...)

unit (holds units)

service (holds services)

The King is Dead


Units of Measurement API

Eclipse UOMo

One Small Step

One Unit Framework to Measure them AllNamespace: org.eclipse.uomo.*

Two main areas

Static Type Safe Units of Measure Support

Based on Units of Measurement API

On top of ICU4J, the Globalization standard at Eclipse and others (Android, GWT, Google Financial, etc.)
Next major update to Unicode CLDR will add unit support!

Prime UCUM ImplementationSuccessor to Eclipse OHF UCUM Bundle

Eclipse UOMo


Unified Code for Units of MeasureThe Unified Code for Units of Measure is inspired by
and heavily based onISO 2955-1983

ANSI X3.50-1986

HL7's extensions calledISO+

UOMo UCUM


JSR 354 ImplementationSisu equivalent for 354 if
you wantICU4J based implementation of types like

CurrencyUnit

MonetaryAmount

CurrencyConverter

ExchangeRate

Bridge to Unit-API where possible for cross-quantity arithmetic (e.g. $ per gram CO per mile)

UOMo Business


DEMO

UOMo Examples

A coordinated observation infrastructure composed of a distributed collection of resources that can collectively behave as a single, autonomous, task-able, dynamically adaptive and reconfigurable observing system that provides raw and processed data, along with associated meta-data, via a set of standards-based service-oriented interfaces. (Glenn, 2007) 2007-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies

Sensor Web | What is it?

OGC O&MObservations & MeasurementsApproved

SensorMLSensor Model LanguageApproved

TransducerMLTransducer Model LanguageApproved

OGC SOSSensor Observations ServiceApproved

OGC SPSSensor Planning ServiceApproved

OGC SASSensor Alert ServiceIn progress

OGC WNSWeb Notification ServicesIn progress

Sensor Web | OpenGIS Standards

SW Enablement working group at OGC have developed a number of standards governing different aspects of Sensor Web


Sensor Web | What is the OGC?

Not-for-profit

International industry consortium

Founded 1994, currently 340+ members

Open Standards development by consensus process

OGC MissionTo lead in the development, promotion and harmonization of open spatial standards 2007-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies

Sensor Web | Mozambique floods

The task under study is floods in different parts of the world

Particular test case was flooding of Mozambique


SensorML

Sensor modeling language is the cornerstone of all SW services

It provides comprehensive description of sensor parameters and capabilities

It can be used for describing different kind of sensors:

Stationary or dynamic

Remote or in-situ

Physical measurements or simulations


SensorML | Example

..............

..............

.............

............. 2007-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies

Transportation & LogisticsLogisticsMedical &HealthcareIndustrial &Energy

CommunicationInfrastructure

Security & Surveillance

Public/Private Cloud Deployment Infrastructures

Internet
of ThingsM2M | Integrated Processes

2007-2013 Creative Arts & Technologies Eclipse Foundation, Inc. Made available under the Eclipse Public License 1.0, Enabling new access to and uses of data

Barrier-type bolt seal

RFID: ID-number + integrity

Bar code

Battery 1 year transmitting

50 cycles

Range up to 50 meters

915 MHz + 2.4 GHz

Data transmission rate 500 kbps

Storage 64 bytes

RFID e-Seal Example 2005-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies, Prof. Jens Froese TU Hamburg-HarburgM2M | Smart Container

Open ecosystem for M2M

Third Party EcosystemOpen M2M application
framework and runtimesOpen M2M communication protocols

Internet of
ThingsOpen M2M
development tools

2007-2013 Creative Arts & Technologies, Eclipse Foundation, Inc. Made available under the Eclipse Public License 1.0

A Publish Subscribe messaging protocol allowing a message to be published once and multiple consumers (applications / devices) to receive the message providing decoupling between the producer and consumer(s)

A producer sends (publishes) a message (publication) on a topic (subject)A consumer subscribes (makes a subscription) for messages on a topic (subject)

A message server / broker matches publications to subscriptions If no matches the message is discarded

If one or more matches the message is delivered to each matching subscriber/consumer

MQTT - Publish Subscribe Messaging

2007-2013 Creative Arts & Technologies, Eclipse Foundation, Inc. Made available under the Eclipse Public License 1.0

M2M | Gemalto Wireless Modules

2007-2013 Creative Arts & Technologies, Gemalto

Exchange photos

Get your e-ticket

Pay without cash

Redeem coupons

Get your Receipt

NFCPass the gate

Read a map from interactive billboard

NFC NFC 2007-2012 Creative Arts & Technologies

NFC | Use Cases

Chiuaua Driving License: ISO 15693Toronto Payment: ISO 14443-B & ISO 15693Sao Paulo Transport: ISO 14443ASingapore Transport : Felica, ISO 14443BParis Transport : ISO 14443B

Tokyo Transport:FelicaTM

London Transport : ISO 14443A

San Francisco Transport: ISO 14443BShenzen Transport : ISO 14443BHong Kong Transport: FelicaTMSeoul Transport : ISO 14443A

Japan ID Card: ISO 14443B

US Payment: ISO 14443-B & ISO 14443AUS Access Control: ISO 15693

Pakistan Passport: ISO 14443B

New Delhi Transport:FelicaTMNFC | Where to use this technology

Dubai RTA

Denmark (Rejsekort), Sweden, Norway, SAS Smart Pass

Moscow, St. Petersburg Metro 2007-2013 Creative Arts & Technologies

Open NFC interfaces can be classified at different levels, from very high-level interfaces that greatly simplify the usual tasks of NFC applications, to very low-level interfaces that allow fine tuning of NFC hardware parameters for example.High Level Interfaces:NDEF Messages

Bluetooth and Wi-Fi pairing

Read / Write to any tag

P2P

Virtual Tags

NFC | Open NFC


Starting Open NFC 4.3.0, the support for Java porting for JSR-257 devices is discontinued. Older releases of the stack were fully compliant with the JSR-257 standard. Android Edition is currently the only one actively maintained with
Java Binding!

XivelyLanguage bindings for Java/Android, Python or Ruby contain support for Units of Measurement

Website: http://www.xively.com

OpenXCFeels quite a bit like a modernized OSGi Measurement bundle. Offering only SI units by default, but a more sophisticated Unit and Quantity concept somewhat similar and clearly inspired by Unit-API / JSR-275

Website: http://openxcplatform.com/
Without proper security, Connected Car hacks like that on Tesla pose a great risk to this and all other critical sectors (Health, Avionics,...)

CSS 3Mostly UI/rendering, but promises almost UCUM-like arithmetic and quantity-checking See: http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-values/

Other Trends for Sensor | Measurement


2 current JSRs for Mobile and EmbeddedJSR-360: CLDC 8CLDC 8 is an evolutionary update to CLDC 1.1.1 to bring
the VM, Java Language, and libraries up to date
with Java SE 8.

More: http://java.net/projects/jsr360/pages/Home

JSR-361: Java ME Embedded ProfileUpdate IMP(-NG) to align with state-of-the-art features and current embedded device market requirements.

More: http://java.net/projects/jsr361/pages/Home

Embedded Standards | JSR-360, 361


Q & A

Eclipse Project UOMohttp://www.eclipse.org/uomo/

Units of Measurement APIhttp://www.unitsofmeasurement.org

UCUMhttp://www.unitsofmeasure.org

Links

Open Geospatial Consortiumhttp://www.opengeospatial.org

Java Community Processhttp://www.jcp.org

Eclipse M2M IWGhttp://m2m.eclipse.org

Links (2)

Contact

[email protected] [email protected]

Twitter: @wernerkeil

Hashtag #EclipseUOMo

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Copyright (c) 2013, Eclipse Foundation, Inc. Made available under the Eclipse Public License 1.0




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Technology

M4M 2 the Rescue of M2M (Eclipse DemoCamp Trondheim)