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Linked Data Meets Computational Intelligence Christophe Guéret Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands KRR Group (head Frank Van Harmelen) [email protected] @cgueret

Linked data meets Computational Intelligence

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This talk is about a position paper suggesting an increase of the usage of Computational Intelligence tools to deal with problems related to the Web of Data

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Page 1: Linked data meets Computational Intelligence

Linked Data Meets Computational Intelligence

Christophe Guéret

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The NetherlandsKRR Group (head Frank Van Harmelen)

[email protected]@cgueret

Page 2: Linked data meets Computational Intelligence

Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 2/13

Definition: Linked data (aka WoD)

Knowledge system on the web

Allows interlinking concepts with relations

Contains both content and meaning

Web-based structure thus

Distributed

Free to edit and low entry cost to contribute

Standard based

Page 3: Linked data meets Computational Intelligence

Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 3/13

Definition: Computational Intelligence

Branch of AI focused on heuristics

Fuzzy systems

Neural networks

Evolutionary computation

Swarm Intelligence

Artificial Immune Systems

Nice in context where exact solutions are unknown/changing/expensive/unnecessary

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Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 4/13

So why does the WoD needs CI ?

The WoD is messy:

Facts hosted by many different parties

Variety of vocabularies

Varying degrees of preciseness

Facts supplied in an inconsistent fashion

But that's not a bug, it's a feature !

In plus, the WoD is very very big (and growing)

Need to deal with the messiness+scale and focus on “good enough” answers

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Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 5/13

Evolutionary Computing

Competition to survive in an environment with limited resources

Inspired by theory of evolution (only best adapted can survive)

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Evolutionary Computing for the WoD ?

Evolutionary-based approaches for combinatorial optimisation

RDF query answering

Ontology mapping

Iterative guessing process with improvement of guessing strategy and/or tested solutions

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Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 7/13

Query engine “eRDF”

?city type City

?city asMayor ?mayor

?mayor name “Job Cohenn”

Amsterdam type City

Amsterdam asMayor JobCohen

JobCohen name “Job Cohenn”

Amsterdam type City

Amsterdam asMayor JobCohen

JobCohen name “Job Cohenn”

Guess

Check

Output bestGuess again

Checks with SPARQL ASK (s,p,o)

Join free, (global) index free

Page 8: Linked data meets Computational Intelligence

Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 8/13

Collective Intelligence

Individuals showing intelligence when acting as a group. Notion of emerging behaviour.

Swarms inspired by flocks of birds, social insects (ants,bees,...), schools of fish, ...

Page 9: Linked data meets Computational Intelligence

Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 9/13

Collective intelligence for the WoD ?

Semantic gossiping to overcome problems related to schema heterogeneity

Swarm-based triple store that self-organise triples among a set of storing nodes

Autonomous, but collaborative, entities

Take decisions based on local information only

Are not aware of the swarm

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Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 10/13

Swarm-based reasoning

Range beast that knows that whoever authors something is a person

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Pros & Cons

What to gain :

Adaptation, learning

Design simplicity

Natural parallelisation, robustness, scalability

Anytime and interactive behaviour

What to loose/trade :

Determinism (traded for emergence)

Completeness (traded for responsiveness)

Precision (traded for approximated recall)

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Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 12/13

What can CI get from SW ?

CI may use SW technologies to replace ad-hoc knowledge representation techniques

Situated evolution KB evolution↔

So far, almost no work in that direction

Computational Intelligence

Semantic Web

Simple, Robust, Approximate

?

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Linked AI AAAI Spring Symposium - Christophe Guéret 13/13

Conclusion / Announcement

There is a lot to investigate and discuss !

Symposium on Computational Intelligence & The Semantic Web, 28th and 29th of April in Amsterdam

http://www.few.vu.nl/soks/symposium